276 research outputs found
Type 2 myocardial infarction following generalized tonic-clonic seizure.
No full textMyocardial infarction is diagnosed when blood levels of biomarkers are increased in the clinical setting of acute myocardial ischemia. Among the biomarkers, troponin I is the preferred biomarker indicative of myocardial necrosis. It is tissue specific for the heart. Myocardial infarction is rarely reported following seizure. We report a case of elevated troponin I in a patient after an episode of generalized tonic-clonic seizure. The diagnosis was type 2 myocardial infarction
In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory effects of rosmanol and carnosol isolated from rosemary:
No full textRosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) leaves are widely used as food ingredient, and have been focused on their strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer activities. Rosmanol is transformed from carnosol, one of strong antioxidant in rosemary extract, in the presence of oxygen and demonstrated that it has a potential for anti-inflammatiory activities.
Our study consists of two parts: Anti-inflammatory activity of rosmanol on LPS induced iNOS and COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells and inhibition activity of rosmanol and carnosol on TPA inflammation in mouse ear.
In first study, rosmanol markedly inhibited LPS-stimulated iNOS and COX-2 protein and gene expression, as well as their regulated products, NO and PGE2. Treatment with rosmanol also reduced translocation of NF-κB through preventing degradation and phosphorylation of IκB. Western blot analysis showed that rosmanol significantly inhibited translocation and phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT3, and the protein expression of C/EBPβ and C/EBPδ. Our results showed that rosmanol down-regulates iNOS and COX-2 gene expression by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB through interfering with the activation of PI3K/Akt and MAPK signal pathway.
Based on the positive results of in vitro activity of rosmanol and the similarity of chemical structure with carnosol, we designed and performed in vivo study with rosmanol and carnosol. In inhibitory activity of rosmanol and carnosol on TPA-induced persistent inflammation in mouse ear, we examined inhibitory activity of rosmanol and carnosol on production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Il-1β and Il-6. The expression of inflammatory COX-2 and its upstream regulators such as NF-κB and IKK-β, and its product, PGE2 were also examined. A large amount of COX-2 expression and its up-stream regulators were detected in LPS induced mouse ear. In rosmanol and carnosol treated group, expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and PGE2 were decreased markedly. The expression of COX-2 was also reduced, which was resulted from inhibiting up-stream regulators such as NF-κB and IKK-β. In histology of rosmanol and carnosol treated groups their all inflammatory parameters are shown to be much milder condition. Also, there is significant reduced in degree of inflammation index.
Taken together, rosmanol and carnosol, abundant ingredient in rosemary might be a potent anti-inflammatory reagent.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 96-102)by Jong Hun Le
Association between inappropriateness of left ventricular mass and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction: A study using the tissue Doppler parameter, E/E'
No full textBackground and Objectives: The structural significance of the inappropriateness of left ventricular mass (iLVM) is known to be an important prognostic factor for cardiovascular events; however, the functional changes associated with iLVM have not been established. This study was performed to determine if diastolic dysfunction is associated with iLVM using a tissue Doppler technique. Subjects and Methods: Three hundred sixty consecutive subjects, including 221 hypertension patients from the echocardiography database, were analyzed. Regarding the appropriateness of left ventricular (LV) mass, an observed/predicted ratio of IV mass (OPR) > 130% was defined as inappropriate. Echocardiographic parameters, including early diastolic peak velocity (E)/late diastolic peak velocity (A), deceleration time (DT), isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT), and E/early mitral annulus velocity (E'), were compared between the appropriate LV mass (aLVM) group and the iLVM group. Results: Among transmitral flow parameters, only the E velocity was negatively correlated with the OPR when adjusted for age (adjusted r=-0.107, p=0.04). Based on multiple regression analysis, the OPR (��=0.163, p=0.003), as well as age (��=0.286, p=0.0001), systolic blood pressure (��=0.120, p=0.019), fasting blood glucose (��=0.098, p=0.042), and male gender (��=0.157, p=0.002) were independent factors determining E/E'. The cholesterol level was not an independent factor (��=-0.059, p=0.355). In the iLVM group (n=105), the adjusted E/E' was higher than in the aLVM group (n=255; 11.7 �� 3.4 vs. 10.8 �� 3.1, p=0.02), while the peak E flow velocity was significantly lower than in the aLVM group (70.9 �� 15.1 vs. 75.5 �� 17.6, p=0.03). Conclusion: Inappropriateness of LV mass is independently associated with increased E/E'. Thus, E/E' may be a useful parameter for the evaluation of diastolic dysfunction. Copyright �� 2009 The Korean Society of Cardiology
A New Biased Proportional Navigation Guidance for Decelerating Targets
No full textThis paper aims to suggest a new type of biased proportional navigation guidance (PNG) for a target that undergoes a considerable deceleration during a homing engagement. To this end, the exact collision course between the missile and the target is first determined. This condition is given by a function of the time-varying speed of the target until the interception. The above interception condition is relaxed by utilizing the concept of average speed. Finally, the proposed law is realized in a way of achieving that condition, using the idea of biased PNG. We discuss the characteristics and implementation issues of the proposed approach. We validate the performance of the proposed algorithm using numerical simulations. © 2022, The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd
Amending the reflected shock phase of the Lee code
No full textThe radial reflected shock phase begins when the inward shock front (IS) which is collisional hits the central axis and a reflected shock (RS) is produced that moves radially outward. This phase ends and the pinch phase begins when the outward moving RS front meets the inward moving magnetic piston. The Lee code approximates the RS phase by taking an estimated constant RS speed in the formulation of the code. In this paper we analyse the RS situation in more detail. A physical mechanism is used to obtain the RS speed as functions of position and time during its propagation towards the incoming piston. This is an important amendment to this phase of the code. In computing the RS speed, the temperature variation during the RS phase is also obtained. The speed and temperature versus time profiles are presented demonstrating a more realistic picture than the constant speed and temperature assumption. The temperature-radius profile across the pinch at its start is also derived
Synergistic effects of an alkylthieno 3,2-b thiophene pi-bridging backbone extension on the photovoltaic performances of donor-acceptor copolymers
No full textThe synergistic effects of a thiophene-based pi-bridging backbone extension on the intrinsic and photovoltaic properties of electron donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers were systematically investigated. A series of alternating D-A copolymers (PBTs) based on 4,8-bis(5-ethylhexylselenophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene (EHSeBDT) and 5-(2-butyloctyl)-4H-thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6(5H)-dione (BOTPD), which featured thiophene-based pi-bridges, were synthesized: PBT without a pi-bridge, PBT with a 3-octylthiophene (OT) pi-bridge (PBT-OT), and PBT with a 3-octylthieno[3,2-b]thiophene (OTT) pi-bridge (PBT-OTT). The light absorption and charge transport properties were significantly enhanced upon incorporation of the OTT pi-bridge. The enhancements resulted from the strong pi-pi intermolecular interactions using the OTT pi-bridging backbone extension between neighboring polymer chains. PBT-OTT was most miscible in PC71BM. As a result, the photoactive layers prepared using PBT-OTT and PC71BM formed a well-mixed bulk-heterojunction morphology and yielded organic solar cells (OSCs) with a high power conversion efficiency of 7.21%. Transient absorption analysis suggested that the mu-electrons were further delocalized along the copolymer after incorporation of the OTT pi-bridge, and the charge separation efficiency increased. These results suggested that incorporating OTT pi-bridges into D-A copolymers provides a useful strategy for developing highly efficient OSCs.118Nsciescopu
Relationship between the dipole moment of self-assembled monolayers incorporated in graphene transistors and device electrical stabilities
No full textSurface characteristics of the gate-dielectric layers in graphene field-effect transistors (FETs) critically affect
the electrical properties of the devices. In this report, the effects of self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on
the electrical properties of graphene FETs were examined by using various SAM buffer layers with different
end groups and alkyl chain lengths. Especially, the dipole moment of the SAMs affects the doping properties
of graphene as well as field-effect mobility, hysteresis, and stability of graphene FETs. The type and
magnitude of doping are dependent on the functional groups in SAMs: Electron withdrawing fluorine
groups p-dope the graphene whereas electron donating amine groups n-dope the graphene. The
electrical stabilities such as hysteresis and gate-bias instability are mainly governed by the magnitude of
the dipole moment in SAMs. Hexamethyldisilazane treatment resulted in graphene FETs with the highest
electrical stabilities, because of the short one aliphatic alkyl chain with a negligible dipole moment. In
contrast, in graphene FETs with SAMs having a strong dipole moment, electrical stabilities deteriorated
by the charge trapping in SAMs.111Ysciescopu
Charge transfer in graphene/polymer interfaces for CO2 detection
No full textUnderstanding charge transfer processes between graphene and functional materials is crucial from the perspectives of fundamental sciences and potential applications, including electronic devices, photonic devices, and sensors. In this study, we present the charge transfer behavior of graphene and amine-rich polyethyleneimine (PEI) upon CO2 exposure, which was significantly improved after introduction of hygroscopic polyethylene glycol (PEG) in humid air. By blending PEI and PEG, the number of protonated amine groups in PEI was remarkably increased in the presence of water molecules, leading to a strong electron doping effect on graphene. The presence of CO2 gas resulted in a large change in the resistance of PEI/PEG-co-functionalized graphene because of the dramatic reduction of said doping effect, reaching a maximum sensitivity of 32% at 5,000 ppm CO2 and an applied bias of 0.1 V in air with 60% relative humidity at room temperature. This charge transfer correlation will facilitate the development of portable graphene-based sensors for real-time gas detection and the extension of the applications of graphene-based electronic and photonic devices. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]. © 2017, Tsinghua University Press and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.1
A node-based approach to charm-FFT
No full textParallel 3D Fast Fourier Transform is a communication intensive algorithm that suffers from the unignorable communication overhead. Because the interconnect communication bandwidth is a static component, adjustments to reduce or hide the necessary communication overheads are performed to obtain the optimal performance with a FFT grid in a given environment. In this thesis, an alternative method to an existing Parallel 3D FFT library was explored. The FFT library, Charm-FFT empowered by Charm++, was redesigned to utilize larger number of nodes while aiming to reduce the number of necessary communications between its components during its computations. Instead of decomposing the input FFT grid into the fine-grained objects that are distributed to the available PEs, coarser-grained decomposition method that only distributes to the available nodes was applied. As there are less number of receivers that each decomposed object communicates during the state transposition, the overall number of communication is reduced at the cost of parallelism from using the finer decomposition method. This loss of parallelism is attempted to be mitigated by applying within-node parallelism using multi-threading or accelerators. Lastly, to maintain the usability of the modified library when multiple FFT grid computations are needed with given resource, each FFT grid is assigned to a subset of the resource to compute and communicate only within its subset rather than to use all resource for each grid's computation.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-12-01The student, Dong Hun Lee, accepted the attached license on 2018-12-07 at 16:09.The student, Dong Hun Lee, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-12-07 at 16:16.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-12-10 at 08:20.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #13260 on 2019-02-07 at 14:23:07Made available in DSpace on 2019-02-07T20:44:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
LEE-THESIS-2018.pdf: 257284 bytes, checksum: 1d2570c7979daeeb568f008927b52d49 (MD5)
LICENSE.txt: 4209 bytes, checksum: 696b5d863fe0c5e5c57f3ac67096e406 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2018-12-10Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 109875
Lift date: 2021-02-07T20:44:35Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 109875 on 2021-02-08T10:15:29Z
Singlet Exciton Delocalization in Gold Nanoparticle-Tethered Poly(3-hexylthiophene) Nanofibers with Enhanced Intrachain Ordering
No full textThe effects of Al content (0.53 <= Al <= 9.65 wt%) on microstructure, texture, magnetic flux density, permeability, core loss and magnetic domain structure of Fe-Al based electrical steel were measured or observed. Average grain size decreased as Al content increased, but Al contents had no severe effects on texture. Magnetic flux density and permeability tends to decrease as Al content increased. Total core loss P-tot was separated into hysteresis loss P-h, eddy-current loss P-e and anomalous loss P-a. As Al increased, P-h increased, but P-e and P-a decreased, so the optimal grain size increased. To reduce core loss of electrical steel with high resistivity, annealing should be conducted at high temperature and for a long time to increase grain size.111Nsciescopu
- …
