1,169 research outputs found
Shinji Kikuchi's Quick Files
No full textThe Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity
Pulvinaria araliae Shinji 1935
No full textPulvinaria araliae Shinji, 1935 (Fig. 1) Pulvinaria araliae Shinji, 1935: 771; Ben-Dov, 1993: 250. Material examined. Neotype (here designated) JAPAN: Iwate Prefecture, Morioka, Kouma, on Eleutherococcus spinosus, 13.v.2003, coll. H. Tanaka, 1 adult female (EUMJ). Redescription. Live appearance: adult female elongate oval, fairly flat. Dorsum greenish yellow to green, with no visible wax before oviposition period. Slide-mounted adult female (n=1): body elongate oval, about 2.7 mm long and 2.0 mm wide, margin with shallow indentation at each stigmatic cleft; anal cleft about 1/5–1/6 body length. Dorsum. Derm membranous, dermal areolations lacking. Dorsal setae spiniform, frequent, scattered over entire dorsum, each 7–11 µm long with a well-developed basal socket. Preopercular pores oval to circular, small, each about 2–4 µm wide, 45 distributed in a longitudinal band anterior to anal plates. Dorsal tubular ducts and microducts frequent throughout. Dorsal tubercles absent.Anal plates together quadrate, each plate 162–164 µm long, 72–74 µm wide, with a well-developed supporting bar, posterolateral margin slightly convex, and 4 apical setae. Ano-genital fold with 2 pairs of setae along anterior margin and 2 pairs laterally. Anal ring bearing 6 setae. Eyespots present near margin. Margin. Marginal setae each with a well-developed basal socket and simple pointed apex, 20–64 µm long, each side with 13–14 setae present between anterior and posterior stigmatic clefts. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with 3 stigmatic spines, median spine longest, 84–89 µm long, about 2–4 times as long as a lateral spine. Venter. Derm membranous. Multilocular pores each about 5–8 µm wide, with 5–8 loculi (mostly 7) present around genital opening and on medial areas of all abdominal segments; a small group also present lateral to each meso- and metacoxa. Spiracular pores each 3–5 µm wide, with mainly 5 loculi, present in rather broad bands (3–7 pores wide) between margin and each spiracle; anterior bands each containing about 70 pores, posterior bands each with about 80 pores. Microducts scattered throughout venter, but most frequent on outer submarginal area. Tubular ducts of 3 types: type I with a large outer ductule and a stout inner ductule ending with a well-developed flowershaped terminal gland, present in posterior medial area of head, medial area of all thoracic segments and anterior abdominal segments and also in inner submarginal area extending from region near anterior abdominal segments to prothoracic segments; type II tubular ducts each with a rather small outer ductule and a shallow cup-shaped invagination, leading to a narrower inner ductule with a well-developed terminal gland, mostly distributed in medial area of posterior abdominal segments and inner submarginal area of abdominal segments; and type III ducts similar to type II but with a short filamentous inner ductule and a very small terminal gland, present in submarginal band and forming a complete submarginal ring, including anterior to antennae, and intermixing with type I and type II ducts in inner submarginal area. All abdominal and thoracic segments each with 1 (occasionally 2) pair of long ventral setae, present on medial area. With approximately 5 pairs of long setae present between antennae; other setae short and fine, distributed over entire venter. Spiracles normal; peritreme widths: anterior 64–69 µm, posterior 79–81 µm. Legs well developed, each with a completely articulated tibio-tarsal joint and an articulatory sclerosis; claw without a denticle; both claw digitules rather broad and slightly shorter than thin tarsal digitules. Hind trochanter + femur 376–382 µm long, hind tibia 249–258 µm long, and hind tarsus 119–124 µm long. Antennae 8 segmented, each 509–517 µm long. Labium about 70 µm long, 110 µm wide. Host plants. Araliaceae: Aralia chinensis (Shinji 1935) and Eleutherococcus spinosus (Shinji 1935, as Acanthopanax spinosum). Distribution. Japan: Iwate Prefecture (Shinji 1935). Remarks. Pulvinaria araliae resembles P. nipponica Lindinger, 1933, P. kuwacola Kuwana, 1907, and P. photiniae Kuwana, 1914, in the distribution of type III ventral tubular ducts, the number of loculi in the multilocular pores, and in lacking dorsal tubercles. However, it can be easily distinguished from the above species in having well-developed ventral setae on all the thoracic and abdominal segments, and in lacking dermal areolations on the dorsum. Important diagnostic morphological character states of this species and a comparison between them and those of the type species of the genus, P. vitis (Linnaeus, 1758), are summarized in Table 1. The author of this species, Dr. Orihei Shinji (1885–1951) is known as a problematic taxonomist in Japan and it is thought that at least some of his descriptions are unreliable (Aoki 1996). Furthermore, the original description of P. araliae was based on highly variable morphological characters (e.g. live appearance, proportions of the lengths of antennal segments, body length, and ovisac length) that have little taxonomic value. The type specimens of P. araliae have been reported as lost (Ben-Dov 1993) and the author has searched for type specimens of this species for over 10 years in most of the Coccomorpha collections in Japan, but none could be found. It is concluded that all of Dr. Shinji’s type specimens of Pulvinaria spp. have been lost. Therefore, the specimen of P. araliae described here was identified based only on the identity of the host plant (Eleutherococcus spinosus) and the type locality (Iwate Prefecture, Japan). No other Pulvinaria species are known from Eleutherococcus spinosus (García Morales et al. 2016) and the specimen’s morphology is different from all other known Japanese species of Pulvinaria. The author believes that designation of a neotype of this species is necessary because the original description of the species is not informative and its type material has been lost. The specimen used in the redescription above is here designated as the neotype of P. araliae for the purpose of taxonomic stability. Shinji (1935) wrote that the body of the adult female of P. araliae was subspherical and young adult females (or nymphs) showed as numerous black spots. The neotype specimen was flat and did not show any black spots on the surface; however, its microscopic morphology is consistent with the original description. These discrepancies may be due to differences in the age of the specimens; the specimen collected by Shinji (1935) was probably a fully grown old gravid female.Published as part of Tanaka, Hirotaka, 2020, Redescriptions of three species of Pulvinaria (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) in Japan, pp. 131-141 in Zootaxa 4779 (1) on pages 132-134, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4779.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/383165
ESPnet2 pretrained model, Shinji Watanabe/gigaspeech_asr_train_asr_raw_en_bpe5000_valid.acc.ave, fs=16k, lang=en
No full textThis model was trained by Shinji Watanabe using gigaspeech recipe in espnet.
Python API
See https://github.com/espnet/espnet_model_zoo
Evaluate in the recipe
git clone https://github.com/espnet/espnet
cd espnet
git checkout dcb5bdb2ffa34a9f44255c0b073759c5b9b3f86e
pip install -e .
cd egs2/gigaspeech/asr1
./run.sh --skip_data_prep false --skip_train true --download_model Shinji Watanabe/gigaspeech_asr_train_asr_raw_en_bpe5000_valid.acc.ave
Results
# RESULTS
## Environments
- date: `Tue Mar 23 10:03:49 EDT 2021`
- python version: `3.8.5 (default, Sep 4 2020, 07:30:14) [GCC 7.3.0]`
- espnet version: `espnet 0.9.8`
- pytorch version: `pytorch 1.7.1`
- Git hash: `dcb5bdb2ffa34a9f44255c0b073759c5b9b3f86e`
- Commit date: `Sat Mar 13 10:16:16 2021 -0500`
## asr_train_asr_raw_en_bpe5000
### WER
|dataset|Snt|Wrd|Corr|Sub|Del|Ins|Err|S.Err|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/dev|2043|51075|92.9|4.5|2.6|2.1|9.2|65.6|
|decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/test|9627|175116|90.5|7.0|2.5|6.1|15.6|69.3|
### CER
|dataset|Snt|Wrd|Corr|Sub|Del|Ins|Err|S.Err|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/dev|2043|271188|97.5|0.9|1.6|1.7|4.2|65.6|
|decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/test|9627|909930|96.5|1.6|1.9|5.6|9.0|69.3|
### TER
|dataset|Snt|Wrd|Corr|Sub|Del|Ins|Err|S.Err|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/dev|2043|63598|93.3|3.9|2.8|2.1|8.8|65.6|
|decode_asr_asr_model_valid.acc.ave/test|9627|218851|90.8|6.1|3.1|7.0|16.2|69.3|
ASR config
config: conf/train_asr.yaml
print_config: false
log_level: INFO
dry_run: false
iterator_type: sequence
output_dir: exp/asr_train_asr_raw_en_bpe5000
ngpu: 1
seed: 0
num_workers: 1
num_att_plot: 3
dist_backend: nccl
dist_init_method: env://
dist_world_size: 4
dist_rank: 0
local_rank: 0
dist_master_addr: localhost
dist_master_port: 37831
dist_launcher: null
multiprocessing_distributed: true
unused_parameters: false
sharded_ddp: false
cudnn_enabled: true
cudnn_benchmark: false
cudnn_deterministic: true
collect_stats: false
write_collected_feats: false
max_epoch: 20
patience: null
val_scheduler_criterion:
- valid
- loss
early_stopping_criterion:
- valid
- loss
- min
best_model_criterion:
- - valid
- acc
- max
keep_nbest_models: 10
grad_clip: 5.0
grad_clip_type: 2.0
grad_noise: false
accum_grad: 4
no_forward_run: false
resume: true
train_dtype: float32
use_amp: false
log_interval: null
use_tensorboard: true
use_wandb: false
wandb_project: null
wandb_id: null
detect_anomaly: false
pretrain_path: null
init_param: []
freeze_param: []
num_iters_per_epoch: null
batch_size: 20
valid_batch_size: null
batch_bins: 35000000
valid_batch_bins: null
train_shape_file:
- exp/asr_stats_raw_en_bpe5000/train/speech_shape
- exp/asr_stats_raw_en_bpe5000/train/text_shape.bpe
valid_shape_file:
- exp/asr_stats_raw_en_bpe5000/valid/speech_shape
- exp/asr_stats_raw_en_bpe5000/valid/text_shape.bpe
batch_type: numel
valid_batch_type: null
fold_length:
- 80000
- 150
sort_in_batch: descending
sort_batch: descending
multiple_iterator: false
chunk_length: 500
chunk_shift_ratio: 0.5
num_cache_chunks: 1024
train_data_path_and_name_and_type:
- - dump/raw/train/wav.scp
- speech
- kaldi_ark
- - dump/raw/train/text
- text
- text
valid_data_path_and_name_and_type:
- - dump/raw/dev/wav.scp
- speech
- kaldi_ark
- - dump/raw/dev/text
- text
- text
allow_variable_data_keys: false
max_cache_size: 0.0
max_cache_fd: 32
valid_max_cache_size: null
optim: adam
optim_conf:
lr: 0.0015
scheduler: warmuplr
scheduler_conf:
warmup_steps: 25000
token_list:
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Palomar Transient Factory Data Archive
No full textThe Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) is a multi-epoch robotic survey of the northern sky for the scientific study of transient astronomical phenomena. The camera and telescope provide for wide-field imaging in two optical bands. The system has been in operation since December 2008. The image data are sent to the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center (IPAC) for processing and archiving. The archived science products are astrometrically and photometrically calibrated images, extracted source catalogs, and coadded reference images. Relational databases track these products in operations and the data archive. The fully automated system has benefited by lessons learned from past IPAC projects and comprises advantageous features that are potentially incorporable into other ground-based observatories. Both off-the-shelf and in-house software have been utilized for economy and rapid development. The PTF data archive is curated by the NASA/IPAC Infrared Science Archive (IRSA). A state-of-the-art custom web interface has been deployed for downloading the raw images, processed images, and source catalogs from IRSA. A public release of this science-rich archive is planned
A Photometric Machine-Learning Method to Infer Stellar Metallicity
No full textFollowing its formation, a star's metal content is one of the few factors that can significantly alter its evolution. Measurements of stellar metallicity ([Fe/H]) typically require a spectrum, but spectroscopic surveys are limited to a few x 10(exp 6) targets; photometric surveys, on the other hand, have detected > 10(exp 9) stars. I present a new machine-learning method to predict [Fe/H] from photometric colors measured by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The training set consists of approx. 120,000 stars with SDSS photometry and reliable [Fe/H] measurements from the SEGUE Stellar Parameters Pipeline (SSPP). For bright stars (g' < or = 18 mag), with 4500 K < or = Teff < or = 7000 K, corresponding to those with the most reliable SSPP estimates, I find that the model predicts [Fe/H] values with a root-mean-squared-error (RMSE) of approx.0.27 dex. The RMSE from this machine-learning method is similar to the scatter in [Fe/H] measurements from low-resolution spectra.
Tessaradomidae Jullien 1903
No full textFamily Tessaradomidae Jullien in Jullien and Calvet, 1903 <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Jullien and Calvet (1903) placed <i>Tessaradoma</i> Norman, 1869 in their new family Lepralidae in the text, but also proposed the family Tessaradomidae in their plate 14, comparing the position of the operculum with that in other families. In that article, new families were written as for example, “Famille Adeonidae J. Jullien 1903 ”. According to this, the author of Tessaradomidae can be attributed to Jullien only (Hayward and Ryland 1979).</p>Published as part of <i>Arakawa, Shinji, 2024, Descriptions of Three Cheilostomatid Bryozoan Species from the Continental Shelf off Boso Peninsula, Japan, pp. 99-110 in Species Diversity 29 (1)</i> on page 100, DOI: 10.12782/specdiv.29.99, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10928489">http://zenodo.org/record/10928489</a>
Novel Environmentally Friendly Inorganic Orange Pigments Based on NaₓWO₃
No full textThis is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Chemistry Letters following peer review. The version of record Yo Shimura, Shinji Tamura, Novel environmentally friendly inorganic orange pigments based on NaₓWO₃, Chemistry Letters, Volume 54, Issue 9, September 2025, upaf175, is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/chemle/upaf175.Lithium-doped NaWO₃ (Na₁−xLixWO₃, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.20) was investigated as a novel environmentally friendly inorganic orange pigment. Li⁺ incorporation induced local structural distortions in WO₆ octahedra, modulating d–d transitions and bandgap absorption. The sample with x = 0.05 composition exhibited maximum red reflectance and vivid coloration due to minimized octahedral distortion. These results demonstrate that lattice-level control of symmetry offers a viable strategy to tune visible light absorption and color properties in lead- and cadmium-free pigment materials
Family altruism and incentives
No full textThe author builds on the altruistic model of the family, to explore the strategic interaction between altruistic parents, and selfish children, when children's efforts are endogenous. If there is uncertainty about the amount of income the children will realize, and if parents have imperfect information, the children have an incentive to exert little effort, and to rely on their parent's altruistically motivated transfers. Because of this, parents face a tradeoff between the insurance that bequests implicitly provide their children, and the disincentive to work prompted by their altruism. The author shows that if parents can credibly commit to a pattern of transfers, they will choose not to compensate children in bad outcomes, as much as predicted by the standard (no uncertainty, no asymmetric information) dynastic model of the family. Alternatively, parents may choose to forgo any insurance, and offer a fixed level of bequest, to elicit greater effort from their children. The optimal transfers structure that the author derives, reconciles the predictions of the altruistic family model, with much of the existing evidence on inter-generational transfers, which suggests that parents compensate only partially, or not at all, for earnings differentials among their children. Moreover, the author shows that Ricardian equivalence holds in this setup, except when non-negativity constraints are binding.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,Health Economics&Finance,Educational Sciences,Safety Nets and Transfers
Optimum structural topology design considering flexibility.
No full textIn general structural design, the stiffest structure has been considered optimal. However, structures can provide higher performance or additional function if the flexibility is implemented in the appropriate portions in the structures. The purpose of this thesis is to develop the structural design method considering flexibility based on the homogenization design method. This method is applied to the designs of compliant mechanisms, automotive body structures, and flextensional actuators. First, the flexibility and the mutual stiffness are defined using the mutual energy concept. Their sensitivities with respect to a design variable are derived using variational calculus. The formulation of the flexibility is extended in the dynamic case and in the case where a domain is composed of the piezoelectric medium and the elastic material. Second, the multi-objective optimization problems for the three applications are formulated: the compliant mechanism, the automotive body structure, and the flextensional actuator. For the compliant mechanism design, four types of design optimization problems are introduced and formulated: the unconstrained single flexibility case, the constrained single flexibility case, the displacement constrained single flexibility case, and the multi-flexibility case. This formulation is extended to the dynamic case. For the automotive body structure design, the multi-objective function incorporating the multi-flexibility, stiffness, and eigen-frequency are formulated to achieve the design criteria. For the flextensional actuator design, the mean transduction, which is an extended concept of flexibility is utilized to formulate the optimization problem. Next, the new multi-objective functions are formulated for these applications. The Pareto optimality of these multi-objective functions are proved. Based on theses formulations, the optimization algorithm is constructed using the homogenization design method and sequential linear programming. Finally, several numerical examples and the applications of the topology configurations are presented. In these examples, the characteristics of the optimal configurations are examined, and the performance of the optimal configurations is verified. We confirmed that the structure design considering flexibility can be accomplished by the methodology presented here, and the implementation of flexibility in the structures can improve the performance or provide valuable additional functions.PhDApplied SciencesAutomotive engineeringMechanical engineeringUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/131291/2/9840614.pd
Abstract 5011: Tumor associated macrophages promote malignant phenotypes of disseminated human gastric cancer cells in intraperitoneal cancer immune microenvironment
No full textAbstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related death, and peritoneal dissemination is one of the most frequent site of recurrence. Although the role of tumor microenvironment is recognized, it is still unclear how intraperitoneal cancer-immune microenvironment contributes to peritoneal metastasis. Thus, we investigated the interaction between intraperitoneal cancer and immune cells, especially focusing on tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) in the peritoneal cavity. The peritoneal wash from gastric cancer patients was subjected to conventional cytology, flow cytometry, and immuno-fluorescent assay using antibodies against CD45 (leukocytes), CD14 (monocytes), CD80/163 (M1/M2 macrophages, respectively), in combination with genetically engineered cancer-imaging viral agent ‘TelomeScan’ which specifically expresses GFP in telomerase-positive cells. In cytology-positive samples, CD163-positive macrophages could be detected in approximately 70% of intraperitoneal macrophages with TelomeScan-positive cancer cells, while cytology negative samples contained few CD163-positive macrophages. In addition, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy volunteers were induced to differentiate into CD163-positive M2 macrophages (TAM-like macrophages), and co-cultured with gastric cancer cells to examine the effect on their malignant phenotype such as migration and invasion. We found that PBMCs-derived CD163-positive M2 macrophages significantly potentiated the ability of migration and invasion in gastric cancer cells. In case of existence of free cancer cells in peritoneal cavity, intraperitoneal macrophages appeared to differentiate into TAM and they potentially accelerate malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells. These results suggested that intraperitoneal cancer-immune microenvironment may play an important role to promote peritoneal disseminations in gastric cancer.
Citation Format: Shuichi Sakamoto, Shunsuke Kagawa, Kazuya Kuwada, Atene Ito, Tetsuya Kagawa, Satoru Kikuchi, Shinji Kuroda, Ryuichi Yoshida, Hiroshi Tazawa, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara. Tumor associated macrophages promote malignant phenotypes of disseminated human gastric cancer cells in intraperitoneal cancer immune microenvironment [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 5011. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-5011</jats:p
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