27 research outputs found
Cleaning Water Channels and other Traditions of Naltar Valley
No full textMy name is Muhammad Khan, and ever since I returned from pilgrimage with my mother, people call me Zawar Khan.
In our region, we had the tradition of blocking water in the streams and channels before the floods came after the winter as Naltar experiences frequent floods. Before blocking the water, women would take pots and containers to fetch water from distant streams and store it at home for use. Shepherds would take their animals to the forest early in the morning and graze them all day, returning in the evening with firewood. Additionally, we would dry meat and make nasalo. On the day of meat drying, we would make 21 small, thick chapatis chupati and place them on a large plate with butter in the middle. We would take these to the livestock shed along with pomegranates and walnuts. We would then hang a pomegranate on some support and take turns throwing walnuts to knock it down, after which all children would share and eat these things. Then we would bring back two animals, like two sheep, slaughter them at home, and dry the meat which we would eat in winter. Before Nowruz, water would start again flowing in the channels. We had a tradition that before the water came back, everyone would clean their respective channels, and once the water arrived, they would irrigate their fields. Later, the women would come together to weed the wheat fields, and when the wheat crop was ready, they would harvest it. They would then thresh it in the threshing floor using animals.2.5.14.
Nationalism in the Poetry of Dr. Allama Muhammad Iqbal and Walt Whitman: A Comparative Literary Analysis of I Hear America Singing and Tarana-I-Hindi
Get PDFThis paper is based on the comparative study of the two poets, Allama Muhammad Iqbal from Pakistan and Walt Whitman from America as nationalistic poets of their specific age. Nationalism was a common theme in most of their works. These two poets belonged to different geographical social cultural and religious backgrounds but they have some similarities as well as differences. Allama Muhammad Iqbal was famous for the fan Islamist and he was considered as the Muslim nationalist of their time throughout the world while Walt Whitman was famous for American nationalism and democracy. All the time he speaks about the superiority of the American I have used the variation theory of comparative literature presented by changing Cao for the purpose to compare and contrast the work of two different for similarity as well as difference and another framework I will use comparative cultural studies presented by Totsy Zepetnek in my research
De-mystifying the Muslimah: Exploring Different Perceptions of Selected Young Muslim Women in Britain
No full textIn this research I argue that although Islam as a faith is inherently emancipatory, Muslim
women are doubly marginalised: by patriarchal interpretations of their faith within Muslim
communities and by pluralist society that often does not understand the faith-based values
and practices of Muslim women. The empowerment of Muslim women is crucial not just for
the women themselves but also for socio-political dynamics within the Muslim community
and its relationships in pluralist society. It is from this context, and acknowledging the paucity
of academic literature written by Muslim women, that I set out to give voice to them, so that
their opinions may be heard in discourses that they think are relevant to their lives. By
encouraging Muslim women to take voice and by facilitating mechanisms for these voices to
be heard, this research presents alternate narratives of Muslim women that challenge
dominant media imagery of the oppressed and subjugated Muslim woman. These narratives,
which are by and for Muslim women, portray instead the inherent diversity in the category
'Muslim woman' and thus add more facets to the category 'woman'.
I used an ethnographic methodology that involved participants as contributors in the creation
of new knowledge. Semi-structured interviews with 45 young university-educated Muslim
women and 7 group discussions were used as initial data-gathering tools. The penultimate
ethnographic stage involved Muslim women creating 3-minute long self-representational
digital stories (DSTs), which consist of an autobiographical narrative accompanied by still
pictures. This was a process of self-reflection for the women and an opportunity to take voice
and to be heard. The subsequent screening of these DSTs to audiences who were not
Muslim resulted in discussion and active debate about the reasons for prevalent
(mis)understandings of Muslim women and stereotypes were challenged. In its initiation of
more balanced representations of Muslim women this research empowers Muslim women,
and by contributing to dialogue and cohesion it also empowers pluralist society as a whole.
This research clarifies the overlapping priorities and identities of young British Muslim
women and initiates new discourses, as narrated by the women, on subjects including
religious interpretation and practice, feminism, media representation and social cohesion. In
the research findings I propose an evolving British-Muslim identity among Muslim youth (in
this case young women) which is distinct from that of their parents; a theological articulation
of a 'feminist' struggle for women's rights; and the need to engage with the media and others
to create positive representations of Muslim women. Experiences with DSTs indicate the
potential of personal narratives and interaction for the purposes of inter-community dialogue
Optimising islanded AC microgrid control: A hierarchical approach with FCS-VMPC and consensus algorithm
No full textThe growing integration of distributed generation (DG) from renewable energy sources (RES) in modern power systems highlights the need for advanced hierarchical control strategies. The primary layer is typically implemented using a linear controller, while the secondary control relies on complex control strategies. Due to this hierarchical control AC microgrid (MG) faces unequal power sharing or power quality problems. This paper presents a hierarchical control scheme for islanded AC MG to effectively manage power between DG units. The scheme operates with a non-linear controller consisting of finite control set-voltage model predictive control (FCS-VMPC) at the primary layer and a consensus algorithm at the secondary layer. Primary control, utilizing droop control and FCS-VMPC, is independently implemented for frequency and voltage regulation across DG units. Droop control manages power distribution between DG units and loads. Meanwhile, the secondary layer based on the consensus algorithm collaborates with FCS-VMPC to establish reference voltage values and adjust deviations at the primary level. The proposed hierarchical control facilitates communication between adjacent nodes by a sparse network. This reduces the complexity of the network with FCS-VMPC at the primary and consensus algorithm at the secondary layer. The secondary controller's effectiveness is tested against transients, unbalanced loads, and dynamic load changes. The results confirm that the MG effectively supplies power while maintaining stable voltage and frequency, achieving a total harmonic distortion (THD) of 0.95 % and a maximum voltage deviation of 0.0001 pu respectively
Microfacies and Diagenetic Analysis of Chorgali Carbonates, Chorgali Pass, Khair-E-Murat Range: Implications for Hydrocarbon Reservoir Characterization
No full textExplore the relationship between social media use and mental health among young adults.
Get PDFThe rise of social networks now shapes how young adults interact and learn social information. Our study studies how social networking platforms interact with young adults' emotional health and their sense of self-validity. To collect research data this study used mental health tests alongside questionnaires to learn from social media users between 18 and 30. We measured workplace andisolated associations using SPSS's Mean, Correlation, and Regression tests. Our research shows that social media behavior types and frequency show direct links to mental wellness. Browsing feeds triggers more anxiety and depression issues than engaging with social media activities. Anxiety, r = 0.45, p < 0.01Depression: Regularly viewing and passively consuming content on social media links strongly to worse mental health outcomes, β = 0.38, p < 0.05. The analysis tracks specific social media usage types and mental health impacts to understand important findings. Research shows that social media gives people emotional support but unhealthy excessive use can create mental wellbeing problems. Our study results provide key information for mental health experts, teaching staff and public officials to use. Our team helps users maintain safe online behavior while teaching them social media dos and don'ts plus explains how social media affects mental health. Our study adds to digital behavior and mental health studies and aims to guide future research that can develop protective measures to lessen social media risks
Microfacies Analysis and Resrvoir Potential of Sakesar Limestone, Nammal Gorge (Western Salt Range), Upper Indus Basin, PakistanZain
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Circular economy and critical barriers: Mapping the pathways and success metrics for sustainable circular success in industrialised South Asian developing nations
No full textThe economy of a developing country is often industry centric, and is recognised globally. The circular economy (CE) model involves a manufacturing approach where products are systematically remanufactured and recycled within facilities to minimize waste. The emerging domain of CE in industrialised South Asian economies offers considerable benefits for developing countries due to its sustainable production, although its adoption is obstructed by various barriers. This research aims to develop a model for adopting CE within the industrial sector of South Asian developing nations by analysing the interrelation between overcoming circular economy adoption barriers (CEABs) and sustainable circular success (SCS). To attain this, questionnaire was completed by 310 industrial experts in Pakistan. Furthermore, a partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) approach was employed to specify the barriers and inspect the interrelation between overcoming CEABs and SCS. The findings revealed a high correlation, with addressing the CEABs contributing 66.1 % to the SCS of the industrial sector. The results of this study indicate the outer loadings and average variance extracted values for all constructs surpassed the minimum threshold of 0.5, validating their acceptance. Moreover, the constructs in the study were measured reliably, exceeding a value of 0.8, which signify strong internal consistency. Additionally, the average path coefficient value (β) of 0.172 indicates a medium and positive correlation between CEABs and SCS. The study's findings can be used as a reference for policymakers to explore the primary barriers to CE adoption in developing nations and achieve SCS in industrial projects.Full Tex
Non-homogeneous traffic characterization based on driver reaction and stimuli
No full textA macroscopic model for non-homogeneous traffic is proposed based on harmonization during transitions. This model considers the lateral and forward distances between vehicles, reaction and harmonization times, and changes in velocity. Further, the equilibrium velocity distribution is characterized based on the density and travel time of real non-homogeneous traffic. The proposed and Payne–Whitham (PW) models are evaluated over a 200 m circular road using the FORCE scheme. The results obtained demonstrate that the proposed model provides a more realistic representation of non-homogeneous traffic
