16 research outputs found
Nitrogen, oxygen, and sulphur heterocycles as potent anti-inflammatory agents: Insight into the synthetic routes
No full text[[abstract]]Nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur-containing heterocyclic compounds are broadly established as key scaffolds with potential chemical and biological properties. Benzimidazole, indole, benzoxazole, benzothiazole, pyrazole, and thiophene analogs are significant heterocyclic motifs that bear almost all pharmacological activities. Anti-inflammatory activity is one of the most commonly associated biological activities with these heterocycles and thus has attracted the interest of researchers to synthesize and study them in-depth. The present review highlights mainly the various synthetic methodologies utilized to prepare these diverse heterocycles and their associated pharmacological properties limited to anti-inflammatory activities. Further, this review will provide a comprehensive idea of the methodologies used to prepare biologically active nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur-bearing heterocycles and possibly invoke new thoughts in the search for rational designs for developing more promising anti-inflammatory agents
Modeling investment behavior in developing countries : an application to Egypt
Get PDFThe economic literature on investment has been characterized by considerable controversy, even by the standards of economists. A number of different, often overlapping, models of investment determination have been hypothesized and the empirical evidence has done little to clarify which, if any, are accurate representations of the way in which capital formation occurs in the economy. This paper suggests some methodological innovations in modelling aggregate investment behavior. A theoretical framework for analyzing investment decisions that takes into account some of the structural features of a developing economy is presented. Starting from the firm's optimization problem, an aggregate investment function is derived that reflects the results of a survey of decision-making in fifty private sector firms in Egypt. The model is then tested at the macroeconomic level using new econometric techniques that have emerged in the recent literature on stationarity testing and cointegration. The relationship between investment and an array of government policies is highlighted in the econometric analysis. The conclusions, both methodological and empirical, are also presented.Economic Theory&Research,Environmental Economics&Policies,International Terrorism&Counterterrorism,Financial Intermediation,Trade and Regional Integration
Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Tindak Pidana Anak Sebagai Pelaku Kasus Pelanggaran Lalu Lintas Dihubungkan Dengan Undang-Undang No. 35 Tahun 2014 Tentang Perlindungan Anak
Get PDFTransportation in Indonesia is experiencing a very rapid development in the city or in the village. This development not only gives a positive impact but the negative impact of one of the many cases of traffic violations. The author identifies the issues to be studied as follows: What is the protection of children in the criminal justice system in Indonesia and how the implementation of legal protection against criminal offenses as perpetrators of cases of traffic violations is related to Law no. 35 Year 2014 on Child Protection? Approach method used is juridical-normative approach, that is through literature study. The data are analyzed qualitatively-normatively. The results showed that in January to May 2017, students were included in the first order of most perpetrators of traffic violation cases. In conclusion, the crime against children committing traffic violations based on Law No. 35 years 2014 About Child Protection, for sanctions can Subject to criminal sanctions and action sanctions. Its application should be distinguished by sanctions against adults
Kepastian Hukum Terhadap Perlindungan Tenaga Kerja Alih Daya (Outsourcing) Dikaitkan Dengan Habis Masa Kontrak Kerja Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No.27/PUU-IX/2011 dan Putusan No.7/PUU-XII/2014
No full textLegalization of outsourcing based on Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning Manpower caused controversy. Parties who disagree, especially Labor and Trade Unions, consider the outsourcing system to be a form of modern capitalism. The concept of outsourcing in the employment system in Indonesia is a policy of labor market flexibility that will improve the investment climate, open the expansion of employment opportunities in the formal sector and reduce poverty. The author will examine how legal certainty for the protection of outsourcing workers after the contract period ends and how forms of legal protection for outsourcing workers when the contract period ends. The research method is descriptive analytical, which describes various applicable laws and regulations related to legal theories and the practice of implementing positive laws related to the problems to be studied. The approach method used is normative juridical (doctrinal), which is a law that is conceptualized as what is written in legislation. The research was conducted through a single stage of library research and the techniques used in data collection, namely research on documents relating to the problem being studied. Secondary data in analytical descriptive research with normative juridical approach were analyzed qualitatively.The study found that legal certainty regarding the protection of outsourcing workers after the Constitutional Court's decision regarding the expiration of the contract period was given a guarantee of welfare and workers' rights in accordance with Law No. 13 of 2003. Legal Protection for Workers in the PKWT work system and outsourcing whose contract expires is a guarantee of Legal Protection, namely the appointment of permanent employees or PKWTT system work agreements
Tinjauan Umum Yuridis Teoritis Peranan Regulator Jasa Keuangan Atas Penerapan Prinsip Prudential Banking Terhadap Produk Peer To Peer Lending Pada Aplikasi Financial Technology Dalam Rangka Perlindungan Hukum Pemberi Pinjaman (Kreditur) Dan Penerima Pinjaman (Debitur)
Get PDFThe national vision of financial inclusive has been formulated in order to realize a financial system that can be accessed by all levels of society with the aim of encouraging national economic growth in the micro and small enterprises segment. The implementation of digital financial services, namely financial technology with peer to peer lending features is a form of information technology-based money lending services. The author will conduct research, first, how is the application of the principle of prudential banking to peer to peer lending products on the application of financial technology? second, how far can the role of the financial services regulator reach the legal protection of creditors debtors for the delivery of peer to peer lending services in the application of financial technolog? This study uses a normative juridical approach in accordance with the field of legal studies. Assessment is carried out on legal principles which are the research of philosophical aspects because the legal principle is an ideal element of law and legal norms contained in the laws and regulations. The data collection technique is library research to collect problem references as well as legislation according to the problem being studied. Data obtained from secondary data using primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The research specification is descriptive analysis to provide data as accurately as possible and all data collected has been analyzed qualitatively juridically and described analytically descriptively. The study found that, first, the application of the prudential banking principle of peer to peer lending products in the application of financial technology was not optimal, second, regulators have not optimally regulated the relationship of asymmetry between lenders and loan recipients, the amount of loan interest rates, guarantee of non-performing loans, confidentiality of loan recipient data related to collection of non-performing loans, track record of loan recipients, suspicious transaction reporting for financial technology business entities and status/form of financial technology business entity including portion of ownership by foreign parties in financial technology lending providers
Sita Jaminan (Conservatoir Beslag) Menurut Herziene Indonesisch Reglement (HIR) Dalam Praktik Dikaitkan Dengan Kepastian Hukum dan Perlindungan Hukum
Get PDFNot all Agreements will proceed according to what is promised, often we find that the agreement is not implemented or only partially done, and will make new legal problems, commonly called wanprestasi. Default means to break the promise (not keeping promises), or the absence of an achievement. The settlement of the default case can be done in 2 ways, ie through non-litigation (litigation) or litigation (legal process) process, the default lawsuit accompanied by the confiscation petition (conservatoir beslag) filed by the plaintiff to the Court is often not in accordance with what is expected by Plaintiffs because the rulings are less clear and the consequences of the judgment can not be executed (non-executable). Based on the above description, the author will write a scientific paper in the form of this thesis with the title: "Sita Jaminan (conservatoir beslag) According to Herziene Indonesisch Reglement (HIR) in Practice Associated With Legal Certainty and Legal Protection", the main issues that will be The study can be identified as follows: How does Sita Penjaminan (Conservatoir Beslag) in Practice be associated with Legal Certainty and Legal Protection? and How is the concept of Sita Penjaminan (Conservatoir Beslag) that is non-executable for the realization of Legal Certainty and Legal Protection? The research method used in this research is analytical descriptive method with normative juridical approach method. Data collection techniques used are document studies through library research to obtain secondary data, supported by interviewing through field research. The data analysis, is a juridical-qualitative analysis. Based on the results of research that has been done, the authors can take conclusions, namely as follows: Sita Collateral (Conservatoir Beslag) in practice associated with Legal Certainty and Legal Protection has not been fully implemented because of the often unclear verdict so that the confiscation of confiscation (conservatoir beslag) Petitioned by the plaintiff or creditor to be useless (illusoir), and as a result of his law the plaintiff has no legal protection and legal certainty. The concept of Sita Jaminan (Conservatoir Beslag) which is non-executive for the realization of Legal Certainty and Legal Protection is to be relevant between Posita Lawsuit, Petition Lawsuit, Legal Consideration in Decision and in Judgment of the panel of judges themselves, so Sita Jaminan (Conservatoir Beslag) will Is performed in accordance with the expectations of the Plaintiff and is justified by law in accordance with applicable legislation
Diversity and function of prevalent symbiotic marine bacteria in the genus Endozoicomonas
Get PDF© The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 100 (2016): 8315–8324, doi:10.1007/s00253-016-7777-0.Endozoicomonas bacteria are emerging as extremely diverse and flexible symbionts of numerous marine hosts inhabiting oceans worldwide. Their hosts range from simple invertebrate species, such as sponges and corals, to complex vertebrates, such as fish. Although widely distributed, the functional role of Endozoicomonas within their host microenvironment is not well understood. In this review, we provide a summary of the currently recognized hosts of Endozoicomonas and their global distribution. Next, the potential functional roles of Endozoicomonas, particularly in light of recent microscopic, genomic, and genetic analyses, are discussed. These analyses suggest that Endozoicomonas typically reside in aggregates within host tissues, have a free-living stage due to their large genome sizes, show signs of host and local adaptation, participate in host-associated protein and carbohydrate transport and cycling, and harbour a high degree of genomic plasticity due to the large proportion of transposable elements residing in their genomes. This review will finish with a discussion on the methodological tools currently employed to study Endozoicomonas and host interactions and review future avenues for studying complex host-microbial symbioses.This work was supported by a KAUST-WHOI Post-doctoral Partnership Award to MJN and a KAUST-WHOI Special Academic Partnership Funding Reserve Award to CRV and AA. Research in this study was further supported by baseline research funds to CRV by KAUST and NSF award OCE-1233612 to AA
Seismic behavior of RC columns with bond-critical regions: Criteria for bond strengthening using external FRP jackets
No full textIn 2003, an experimental research program was initiated at the American University of Beirut with the objectives of (1) evaluating the effectiveness of external fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) confinement in improving the bond strength of spliced reinforcement in reinforced-concrete (RC) columns and its implications on the lateral load capacity and ductility of the columns under seismic loading; and (2) establishing rational design criteria for bond strengthening of spliced reinforcement using external FRP jackets. This paper presents a discussion of recent experimental results dealing with rectangular columns and the results of a pilot study conducted on circular columns with particular emphasis on aspects related to the bond strength of the spliced column reinforcement. A nonlinear analysis model is developed for predicting the envelope load-drift response, taking into account the effect of FRP confinement on the stress-strain behavior of concrete in compression. Results predicted by the model showed excellent agreement with the test results. Design expressions of the bond strength of spliced bars in FRP-confined concrete were assessed against the current experimental data, and a criterion for seismic FRP strengthening of bond-critical regions in RC members is proposed. © 2008 ASCE.*ACI, 2002, 3182002ACI318R02 ACI; [Anonymous], 2002, 4402R02 ACI; DAGHER FH, 2007, 87 AM U DEP CIV ENG; Darwin D, 2005, ACI STRUCT J, V102, P892; Harajli MH, 2006, ACI STRUCT J, V103, P672; HARAJLI MH, 2005, ACI SPECIAL PUBLICAT, P579; Harajli MH, 2004, ACI STRUCT J, V101, P595; *INN TASK GROUP 1, 1999, ITGT1199 ACI; Lam L, 2003, J REINF PLAST COMP, V22, P1149, DOI 10.1177-073168403035429; MANDER JB, 1988, J STRUCT ENG-ASCE, V114, P1804; ORANGUN CO, 1975, 1543F1975 CTR HIGHW; Priestly MJN, 1996, SEISMIC DESIGN RETRO; Scott BD, 1982, ACI J P, V79, P13; Seible F, 1997, J COMPOS CONSTR, V1, P52, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)1090-0268(1997)1:2(52); SHEIKH SA, 1980, J STRUCT DIV-ASCE, V106, P107917141
Seismic FRP retrofit of bond-critical regions in circular RC columns: Validation of proposed design methods
No full textA general expression was derived for designing the thickness of external fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) jackets required for bond strengthening of spliced reinforcement within the critical hinging region of reinforced concrete (RC) columns. The reliability of the expression has been verified against recent experimental data of rectangular column sections. The objective of the current investigation is to evaluate the application of the corresponding design expression for circular column sections compared with other design methods proposed in the literature. Full-scale circular columns with spliced reinforcement were tested under lateral load reversals. It was found that the mechanism by which the FRP confinement improves the bond strength of spliced bars in circular columns is similar to that in rectangular columns. All of the unconfined columns suffered premature splitting bond failure leading to almost total strength and stiffness degradation. Confining the splice zone with external FRP jackets within the range of thicknesses predicted by the proposed design expression under evaluation lead to a substantial improvement in seismic performance. © 2008, American Concrete Institute.ACI Committee 318, 2005, 31805 ACI; ACI Committee 440, 2002, 4402R02 ACI; *ACI INN TASK GROU, 1999, ITGTI199 ACI; Aquino W, 2007, ACI STRUCT J, V104, P348; Ghosh KK, 2007, ACI STRUCT J, V104, P227; HARAFLI MH, 2005, 7 INT S FIB RE FRIP, P579; HARAJLI H, 2008, ACI STRUCT J, V105, P67; Harajli MH, 2008, J COMPOS CONSTR, V12, P69, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)1090-0268(2008)12:1(69); Harajli MH, 2004, ACI STRUCT J, V101, P595; Harajli MH, 2004, ACI STRUCT J, V101, P47; Harries KA, 2006, ACI STRUCT J, V103, P874; HAWKINS NM, 2000, 12 WORLD C EARTHQ EN; ORANGUN CO, 1975, 1543F1975 U TEX AUST; PRIESTLEY MJN, 1997, SEISMIC DESIGN RETYO; Seible F, 1997, J COMPOS CONSTR, V1, P52, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)1090-0268(1997)1:2(52)65
Seismic Repair and Strengthening of Lap Splices in RC Columns: Carbon Fiber–Reinforced Polymer versus Steel Confinement
No full textA design approach, developed specifically for seismic bond strengthening of the critical splice region of reinforced concrete columns or bridge piers, is presented and discussed. The approach is based on providing adequate concrete confinement within the splice zone for allowing the spliced bars to theoretically develop enough postelastic tension strains demanded by large earthquakes before experiencing splitting bond failure. The accuracy of the approach was validated experimentally by evaluating the seismic behavior of full-scale gravity load-designed (as-built) rectangular columns that were strengthened or repaired in accordance with the proposed approach. Three types of confinement were used and compared, namely, internal steel ties, external fiber polymer reinforced jackets, and a combination of both. The repaired-strengthened columns developed sizable postyield strains of the spliced bars, considerable increases in the lateral load and drift capacities, and much less concrete damage within the splice zone when compared with the as-built columns. As a further support of the adequacy of the design strengthening approach, the backbone lateral load-drift response of the strengthened columns showed a good agreement with the envelope response generated using nonlinear flexural analysis assuming perfect bond between the column reinforcement and concrete. © 2011 American Society of Civil Engineers.*ACI COMM 318, 2008, 3182008 ACI COMM; *ACI COMM 408, 1992, 4082R92 ACI COMM; ACI Committee 440, 2008, 4402R08 ACI COMM, P76; Aquino W, 2007, ACI STRUCT J, V104, P348; *COM EUR INT BET, 1990, CEB FIP MOD COD CONC; Darwin D, 2005, ACI STRUCT J, V102, P892; Ghosh KK, 2007, ACI STRUCT J, V104, P227; Harajli MH, 2008, J COMPOS CONSTR, V12, P69, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)1090-0268(2008)12:1(69); Harajli MH, 2006, ACI STRUCT J, V103, P672; Harajli MH, 2004, ACI STRUCT J, V101, P595; Harajli MH, 2008, ACI STRUCT J, V105, P760; Harajli MH, 2008, ACI STRUCT J, V105, P68; Harries KA, 2006, ACI STRUCT J, V103, P874; Hawkins N. M., 2000, P 12 WORLD C EARTHQ; KIM I, 2008, P 17 INT ASS BRIDG S; ORANGUN CO, 1977, J AM CONCRETE I, V74, P114; Priestly MJN, 1996, SEISMIC DESIGN RETRO; SCOTT BD, 1982, J AM CONCRETE I, V79, P13; Seible F, 1997, J COMPOS CONSTR, V1, P52, DOI 10.1061-(ASCE)1090-0268(1997)1:2(52)88
