20 research outputs found
Thyroid storm presenting as septic shock in the intensive care unit: A Case Series
No full textThyroid storm is a rare endocrine emergency that rarely presents with septic shock. It occurs in
thyrotoxic patients and is manifested by decompensation of multiple organs, triggered by severe
stress. The diagnosis and response to treatment is made by Burch-Wartofsky point scale or Japanese
thyroid association criteria due to lack of pathophysiology of thyroid storm. We reported series of
patients that presented with altered sensorium, cough, fever, palpitation, shortness of breath and
shock. Patient were treated initially for septic shock, later diagnosed as thyroid storm and was treated
with oral carbimazole, propanolol and digoxin. From this, we want to emphasize that thyroid storm
can have any presentation that should be kept in differential diagnosis of septic shock not responding
to usual treatment; early diagnosis and treatment with oral medication can decrease morbidity and
mortality in rural setting where intravenous form of antithyroid drug are not available for thyroid
storm
Mechanistic role of HPV-associated early proteins in cervical cancer: Molecular pathways and targeted therapeutic strategies
No full textFunding Information: Dr. Niraj Kumar Jha is thankful to Sharda University for the infrastructure and facility. The author would like to thank Deanship of Scientific Research at Majmaah University for supporting this work under project number No. R-2022-68 . Kavindra Kumar Kesari and Janne Ruokolainen thanking Aalto University for providing open access support. The authors would like to acknowledge the support from their respective institutes throughout the review writing process.Purpose: Cervical cancer (CC), one of the major causes of death of women throughout the world is primarily caused due to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) 16 and 18. The early region (E) oncoproteins of HPV are associated with the etiopathogenesis and contribute to the progression of cancer. The present article comprehensively discussed the structural organization and biological functions of all E proteins of HPV and their contribution to progression of CC with an intent to decipher the pathological hallmarks and their relationship. Additionally, the role of E proteins in reference to therapeutics will also be presented. Methods: A systematic search has been carried out for articles published in PubMed database by using combinations of different keywords with Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) including cervical cancer, HPV, E proteins, and signaling. Results: From the analysis of literature review, its apparent that E proteins are the major contributor to disease progression. E1, E2, and E4 forms are mainly associated with viral integration, replication, and transcription whereas E6 and E7 act as an oncoprotein and are associated with the progression of cancer. E5 regulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, and facilitates the activity of E6 and E7. Additionally, E proteins were observed associated with numerous cell signaling pathways including PI3K/AKT, Wnt, Notch and reasonably contribute to the initiation of malignancy, cell proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. Knowing the role and interplay of each protein in initiation to progression of CC, their therapeutic significance has been elucidated. The present study observations demonstrate that E6 and E7 are the major cause of HPV-mediated CC progression. E1, E2, and E5 also act as a backbone for E6 and E7 and most of the current approaches have targeted E6 and E7 mediated action only. Conclusion: The present review illustrates the structural organization as well as function and regulation of all early proteins of HPV and their association with several cellular signaling pathways. The observations provide clue on the regulatory aspect of these proteins in initiation to progression and reasonably represent that targeting these proteins could be a novel therapeutic strategy for CC. In particular, its seemingly appears that inhibition of the activity of E6 and E7 oncoproteins may be a better selective target to delay the progression of CC. The review reaffirms the role of E proteins and encourages future studies on developing diagnostics, and most importantly therapeutics strategies targeting E6 and E7 oncoproteins to tackle CC related morbidity and mortality.Peer reviewe
Human Albumin and N-Acetylcysteine for Treatment of Fat Embolism: A Case Report
No full textFat embolism is a life-threatening condition that mostly occurs after long bones and pelvis fractures and treatment is controversial with many available drugs. We hereby present a case of 53 years male who developed shortness of breath, tachycardia, fever, anemia, distended jugular vein, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia and was diagnosed to have fat embolism after fracture of femur, tibia, fibula and pubic rami following road traffic accident. Patient was treated with 20 percent human albumin, N-acetylcysteine, other supportive treatment and discharged after fourteen days. From this we want to emphasize role of human albumin and N-acetylcysteine in treatment of fat
Bovine adenovirus-3 as a vaccine delivery vehicle
No full textThe use of vaccines is an effective and relatively inexpensive means of controlling infectious diseases, which cause heavy economic losses to the livestock industry through animal loss, decreased productivity, treatment expenses and decreased carcass quality. However, some vaccines produced by conventional means are imperfect in many respects including virulence, safety and efficacy. Moreover, there are no vaccines for some animal diseases. Although genetic engineering has provided new ways of producing effective vaccines, the cost of production for veterinary use is a critical criterion for selecting the method of production and delivery of vaccines. The cost effective production and intrinsic ability to enter cells has made adenovirus vectors a highly efficient tool for delivery of vaccine antigens. Moreover, adenoviruses induce both humoral and cellular immune responses to expressed vaccine antigens. Since nonhuman adenoviruses are species specific, the development of animal specific adenoviruses as vaccine delivery vectors is being evaluated. This review summarizes the work related to the development of bovine adenovirus-3 as a vaccine delivery vehicle in animals, particularly cattle.NSERC CanadaSaskatchewan Agriculture Development FundOntario Cattlemen AssociationFunding Consortium of AlbertaCattle Industry Development Council, BC, CanadaSaskatchewan Health Research Foundation, Canad
Malposition of Central Venous Catheter Inserted under Ultrasound Guidance in Intensive Care Unit: A Case Series
No full textMalposition of central venous catheter tip inserted into the subclavian and internal jugular vein is a rare unavoidable complication that can be decreased if inserted under ultrasound guidance. We report case series of three patients, two of subclavian and another of internal jugular inserted central venous catheter, in which the catheter malpositioned into ipsilateral internal jugular and subclavian vein respectively but had no effect on patient management. From this, we want to emphasize that the effect of malposition of central venous catheter tip depends upon the indication for which central venous catheter was inserted; it can be detected bedside by ultrasound and flush test
Ulinastatin in the Management of Severe Acute Alcoholic Pancreatitis: A Case Series
No full textSevere acute alcoholic pancreatitis is a second common form of pancreatitis that requires intensive care unit care and has high morbidity and mortality due to lacking specific treatment. Management of alcoholic pancreatitis is generally non- specific and supportive. We hereby present a case-series of three patients that describes the successful treatment of severe acute alcoholic pancreatitis with ulinastatin and other supportive treatment. From this we want to emphasize that ulinastatin a protease inhibitor can be used in the treatment of alcoholic pancreatitis
Wastewater Treatment and Reuse: a Review of its Applications and Health Implications
No full textFunding Information: All the authors are highly grateful to the authority of the respective departments and institutions for their support in doing this research. The author VT would like to thank Science & Engineering Research Board, New Delhi, India (Grant #ECR/2017/001809). The Author RS is thankful to the University Grants Commission for the National Fellowship (201819-NFO-2018-19-OBC-UTT-78476). Publisher Copyright: © 2021, The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Water scarcity is one of the major problems in the world and millions of people have no access to freshwater. Untreated wastewater is widely used for agriculture in many countries. This is one of the world-leading serious environmental and public health concerns. Instead of using untreated wastewater, treated wastewater has been found more applicable and ecofriendly option. Moreover, environmental toxicity due to solid waste exposures is also one of the leading health concerns. Therefore, intending to combat the problems associated with the use of untreated wastewater, we propose in this review a multidisciplinary approach to handle wastewater as a potential resource for use in agriculture. We propose a model showing the efficient methods for wastewater treatment and the utilization of solid wastes in fertilizers. The study also points out the associated health concern for farmers, who are working in wastewater-irrigated fields along with the harmful effects of untreated wastewater. The consumption of crop irrigated by wastewater has leading health implications also discussed in this review paper. This review further reveals that our current understanding of the wastewater treatment and use in agriculture with addressing advancements in treatment methods has great future possibilities.Peer reviewe
Molecular Insights into Therapeutic Potentials of Hybrid Compounds Targeting Alzheimer’s Disease
No full textAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most complex progressive neurological disorders involving degeneration of neuronal connections in brain cells leading to cell death. AD is predominantly detected among elder people (> 65 years), mostly diagnosed with the symptoms of memory loss and cognitive dysfunctions. The multifarious pathogenesis of AD comprises the accumulation of pathogenic proteins, decreased neurotransmission, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. The conventional therapeutic approaches are limited to symptomatic benefits and are ineffective against disease progression. In recent years, researchers have shown immense interest in the designing and fabrication of various novel therapeutics comprised of naturally isolated hybrid molecules. Hybrid therapeutic compounds are developed from the combination of pharmacophores isolated from bioactive moieties which specifically target and block various AD-associated pathogenic pathways. The method of designing hybrid molecules has numerous advantages over conventional multitarget drug development methods. In comparison to in silico high throughput screening, hybrid molecules generate quicker results and are also less expensive than fragment-based drug development. Designing hybrid-multitargeted therapeutic compounds is thus a prospective approach in developing an effective treatment for AD. Nevertheless, several issues must be addressed, and additional researches should be conducted to develop hybrid therapeutic compounds for clinical usage while keeping other off-target adverse effects in mind. In this review, we have summarized the recent progress on synthesis of hybrid compounds, their molecular mechanism, and therapeutic potential in AD. Using synoptic tables, figures, and schemes, the review presents therapeutic promise and potential for the development of many disease-modifying hybrids into next-generation medicines for AD
Journal of Proteomics & Bioinformatics- Open Access www.omicsonline.com Research Article JPB/Vol.2/August 2009 In Silico Identification of Putative Proton Binding Sites of a Plasma Membrane H +-ATPase Isoform of Arabidopsis Thaliana, AHA1
No full textjpb.1000095 Copyright: © 2009 Kumar S, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. The plasma membrane potential and secondary transport systems in all eukaryotes are energized by the activity of P-type ATPase membrane proteins: H + ATPase (the proton pump) in plants and fungi and Na +, K +- ATPase (the sodium-potassium pump) in animals. The overall shape of proton pumps has been revealed by electron microscopy. The crystal structure of AHA2, a plasma membrane H +-ATPase isoform of Arabidopsis thaliana, by X-ray crystallography at 3.6 Å was available. The isoform is expressed mainly in root. In the present study homology modeling along with transmembrane topology predictions has been used to build the atomic model of AHA1, another plasma membrane H +-ATPase isoform of Arabidopsis thaliana expressing in both root and shoot. AHA2 was used as the template. The homology modeling was done using the MODELLER9v2 software. The model energy was minimized by applying molecular mechanics method. The root mean square deviation (RMSD) for C
