864 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-cjb-10.1177_00938548221107874 – Supplemental material for Unpacking the Association between Corporal Punishment and Criminal Involvement
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-cjb-10.1177_00938548221107874 for Unpacking the Association between Corporal Punishment and Criminal Involvement by Bridget Joyner and Kevin M. Beaver in Criminal Justice and Behavior</p
Melanesicus caledoniae Beaver & Petrov & Sittichaya 2021, comb. n.
No full textMelanesicus caledoniae (Beaver & Liu) comb. n. Xyleborus caledoniae Beaver & Liu 2016: 26. Taxonomy. The senior author has examined the holotype (MNHN) and paratypes (QMB, RAB). A. Petrov has examined a further specimen from New Caledonia. The species is distinguished from other species of Melanesicus primarily by its elytral sculpture (see key above, and Beaver & Liu 2016). Distribution. The species is endemic to New Caledonia. New record: NEW CALEDONIA: S-Prov. Refuge de Plano, 2 km NNE Farino, 21°38’55’’S 165°46’53’’E, ca. 270 m, at light, 28.-30.XI.2009, Schuh (1) (APP). Biology. Unknown. Remarks. Photographs of female and male are included in Beaver & Liu (2016, Figs 5‒8).Published as part of Beaver, R. A., Petrov, A. V. & Sittichaya, W., 2021, A new genus of ambrosia beetle from Melanesia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae Scolytinae: Xyleborini), pp. 163-172 in Zootaxa 4949 (1) on page 169, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4949.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/463608
The American beaver
No full textTitle from PDF cover (viewed on December 21, 2016)."This publication will summarize beavers' biology and their habitat needs, discuss current research, and provide science-based recommendations for managing lands that include beavers"--Page 2.This archived document is maintained by the Oregon State Library as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Includes bibliographical references (pages 23-24).This publication was made possible in part through a grant from Partnership for Forestry EducationMode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in English
Medium vs. short-term effects of herbivory by Eurasian beaver on aquatic vegetation
No full textIt is important to disentangle the effects of physical ecosystem modifications from plant-herbivore interactions to understand how keystone species, such as beavers, influence aquatic ecosystems, especially when populations are reintroduced or non-native. Through dam building beavers have the potential to influence macrophytes indirectly by altering the hydrological regime, but macrophytes also comprise a major component of beaver diet. In water bodies uninfluenced by dams, direct grazing will therefore be the primary basis of beaver-induced effects on macrophytes. Temporal change in macrophyte height, abundance and composition from three habitats within a pond system in Scotland were measured over a nine year period following beaver introduction. From 2003 to 2012, persistent, selective grazing by beaver led to three-fold increases in macrophyte richness and significant turnover in composition, reflecting overall reductions in abundance of the preferred dominant species (e.g. Iris pseudacorus). Within-season herbivory effects were quantified in 2011-2012 using exclosures and by conducting cafeteria-style choice experiments. Significant volumes of macrophyte biomass (mostly rhizomes of Menyanthes trifoliata) were removed at constant rates throughout the growing season. Feeding was highly selective whilst effects on diversity were negligible in the short term. In the medium term, selective foraging by beavers significantly increased alpha and beta diversity of macrophytes. Macrophytes in temperate and boreal regions are potentially widely influenced by beaver grazing, although the positive effects we observed are not necessarily universal and are unlikely to persist within individual sites indefinitely
Proposed Reconstruction of the Beaver Picnic Site/Beaver Gravel Pit Trail, Glacier National Park
No full textWildland RecreationIn 1985, Glacier National Park wrote a report on the long range management plans for the park. One of the proposed developments in their plan included the re-opening of an old trail that is located between the proposed Beaver Picnic site and the Beaver gravel pit. This trail would be an extension of the Beaver Valley Trail, and would also establish a new trailhead for the Beaver Valley Trail at the proposed picnic site.
This report will present and explain the environmental damages that the trail will cause and also some of the problems that will be encountered when it comes time to reconstruct this trail. Some possible courses of action and options that are available are also presented
STROBE: Streaming Threshold Random Beacons
No full textWe revisit decentralized random beacons with a focus on practical distributed applications. Decentralized random beacons (Beaver and So, Eurocrypt'93) provide the functionality for n parties to generate an unpredictable sequence of bits in a way that cannot be biased, which is useful for any decentralized protocol requiring trusted randomness.
Existing beacon constructions are highly inefficient in practical settings where protocol parties need to rejoin after crashes or disconnections, and more significantly where smart contracts may rely on arbitrary index points in high-volume streams. For this, we introduce a new notion of history-generating decentralized random beacons (HGDRBs).
Roughly, the history-generation property of HGDRBs allows for previous beacon outputs to be efficiently generated knowing only the current value and the public key. At application layers, history-generation supports registering a sparser set of on-chain values if desired, so that apps like lotteries can utilize on-chain values without incurring high-frequency costs, enjoying all the benefits of DRBs implemented off-chain or with decoupled, special-purpose chains. Unlike rollups, HG is tailored specifically to recovering and verifying pseudorandom bit sequences and thus enjoys unique optimizations investigated in this work.
We introduce STROBE: an efficient HGDRB construction which generalizes the original squaring-based RSA approach of Beaver and So. STROBE enjoys several useful properties that make it suited for practical applications that use beacons:
1) history-generating: it can regenerate and verify high-throughput beacon streams, supporting sparse (thus cost-effective) ledger entries;
2) concisely self-verifying: NIZK-free, with state and validation employing a single ring element;
3) eco-friendly: stake-based rather than work based;
4) unbounded: refresh-free, addressing limitations of Beaver and So;
5) delay-free: results are immediately available.
6) storage-efficient: the last beacon suffices to derive all past outputs, thus O(1) storage requirements for nodes serving the whole history
Using ecosystem engineers as tools in habitat restoration and rewilding: beaver and wetlands
No full textPotential for habitat restoration is increasingly used as an argument for reintroducing ecosystem engineers. Beaver have well known effects on hydromorphology through dam construction, but their scope to restore wetland biodiversity in areas degraded by agriculture is largely inferred. Our study presents the first formal monitoring of a planned beaver-assisted restoration, focussing on changes in vegetation over 12 years within an agriculturally-degraded fen following beaver release, based on repeated sampling of fixed plots. Effects are compared to ungrazed exclosures which allowed the wider influence of waterlogging to be separated from disturbance through tree felling and herbivory. After 12 years of beaver presence mean plant species richness had increased on average by 46% per plot, while the cumulative number of species recorded increased on average by 148%. Heterogeneity, measured by dissimilarity of plot composition, increased on average by 71%. Plants associated with high moisture and light conditions increased significantly in coverage, whereas species indicative of high nitrogen decreased. Areas exposed to both grazing and waterlogging generally showed the most pronounced change in composition, with effects of grazing seemingly additive, but secondary, to those of waterlogging. Our study illustrates that a well-known ecosystem engineer, the beaver, can with time transform agricultural land into a comparatively species-rich and heterogeneous wetland environment, thus meeting common restoration objectives. This offers a passive but innovative solution to the problems of wetland habitat loss that complements the role of beavers in water or sediment storage and flow attenuation. The role of larger herbivores has been significantly overlooked in our understanding of freshwater ecosystem function; the use of such species may yet emerge as the missing ingredient in successful restoration
Melanesicus partitus Beaver & Petrov & Sittichaya 2021, comb. n.
No full textMelanesicus partitus (Browne) comb. n. (Figs 11‒12) Xyleborus partitus Browne 1974: 69. Taxonomy. The senior author has examined the holotype and a paratype (NHML), and specimens in RAB. Schedl (1980) considered that Xyleborus granulosus was a synonym of this species, but the two species were distinguished by Beaver (1991). Distribution. The species is endemic to Fiji, where it occurs in both high and low altitude rain forest (Roberts 1977). Biology. Roberts (1977) described in detail the gallery system, brood size and development, and noted associated species of ambrosia beetles. He recorded the species from nine different families of host trees (Roberts 1977). It is evidently polyphagous. In contrast to M. deformatus (see above), emergence is probably confined to the day, and the species was never taken at light (Roberts 1977).Published as part of Beaver, R. A., Petrov, A. V. & Sittichaya, W., 2021, A new genus of ambrosia beetle from Melanesia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae Scolytinae: Xyleborini), pp. 163-172 in Zootaxa 4949 (1) on page 171, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4949.1.9, http://zenodo.org/record/463608
Big Beaver School District No. 4067
No full textPhotograph - A view of the Big Beaver School building, Alberta. ATS 6-64-12-W
Beaver Seasons: A Whatcom Phenology
No full textBeaver Seasons: A Whatcom Phenology is a journal exploring seasonal changes across several beaver-shaped habitats in Whatcom County, Washington. Drawn especially from the author\u27s work co-stewarding one hundred acres of conserved land, the journal\u27s entries reflect on phenology in the lives of beavers and other species who benefit from the ecosystems they create. Inspired by the Japanese form of haibun, the author shapes these events in verse and compressed prose meditations to reckon with nature\u27s cycles, changes, and interconnections in his travel through the year. Through curious and compassionate pursuit, the author seeks new ways to be grateful for the places of which he is a part
- …
