1,721,144 research outputs found
Evaluating the construct validity of the Trunk Impairment Scale: a Rasch analysis of its subscales
No full textBackground:The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) evaluates static, dynamic sitting balance and trunk coordination in people after stroke. This study aimed to evaluate the construct validity of the subscales of the TIS.MethodA total of 162 participants (mean age 67, SD=11), in all stages after stroke, were included in the study. Rasch analysis (Partial Credit Model) was used (RUMM2020 software).ResultsThere were no disordered thresholds on any of the polytomous items. The static sitting balance subscale (SSB) did not fit the Rasch model (Chi-square=15.68; p=0.0004). Wewere unable to examine DIF due to a large number of extreme cases in the dataset. The dynamic sitting balance subscale (DSB) fitted the Rasch model (Bonferroni adjusted p value=0.005) after splitting item 2 by Barthel categories to adjust for uniform DIF (Chi-square=42.65; p=0.0052). The coordination subscale (COO) fitted the Rasch model and did not display uniform or non-uniform DIF (Chi-square=7.87; p=0.446). In DSB and COO fewer than 5% of the independent t-tests performed on person estimated locations were significant, further supporting unidimensionality of these subscales. Graphical explorationof thresholds for DSB and COO confirmed a hierarchy of dependent items. Person and items were well distributed across the continuum of balance impairment.DiscussionWe were unable to examine SSB in full and further work with patients with very severe static sitting balance impairments is needed. Item 2 of DSB needs to be given detailed attention before assessing people after stroke.ConclusionConstruct validity of two subscales was confirmed using Rasch analysis. Further work is needed to examine SSB
Evidence for a central mechanism in the process of fatigue in people with multiple sclerosis
No full textThe study aimed to establish quantitative and qualitative aspects of fatigue among a group of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) who had identified fatigue as a troublesome symptom and a control group of healthy adults. An interview, a fatigue diary and a fatigue-inducing experiment were designed and the Nottingham Health Profile was employed. People with MS experienced significantly more fatigue than healthy adults, on a daily basis. Factors noted to cause and to relieve fatigue were similar in people with MS and healthy adults. The only differences were that a hot bath improved fatigue in healthy adults and accentuated it in people with MS and that more of the healthy adults mentioned lack of sleep as a cause of fatigue. Physiological muscular fatigue during a quadriceps test was of similar magnitude in the two studied groups but the perceived fatigue levels were disproportionally high in the patient group. The results support the view that central mechanisms are responsible both for muscle weakness and for the sense of fatigue experienced so frequently in multiple sclerosis. This central mechanism is likely to reside in motor pathways within the nervous system. Further studies, measuring corticomotor conduction times, motor unit firing frequencies and metabolic factors, are recommended.<br/
Delphi study of the role parameters and requirements of extended scope practice in hand therapy in the United Kingdom
No full textRecruitmentiIssues of specialist registrars in rehabilitation medicine in the UK [In: Proceedings of BSRM, Spring 2007, p.91]
No full textThe models of development of extended scope of practice of hand therapists in the United Kingdom
No full textValidation of the Frenchay Activities Index in a general population aged 16 and older
No full textTurnbull JC, Kersten P, Habib M, McLellan L, Mullee MA, George S. Validation of the Frenchay Activities Index in a general population aged 16 years and older. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2000;81:1034-8. Objectives: To assess the validity and reliability of the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI) and to establish age and sex norms in people at or over the age of 16 years. Design and Setting: Postal questionnaire survey to 1280 people randomly selected from 8 Health Authority patient registers in England. Main Outcome Measures: FAI scores, subscale scores by age and sex, health status, perceived level of activity, and subjects' opinions on how well the FAI reflected their activities. Test-retest reliability was measured in 1 Health Authority. Results: The response rate was 49%. Men scored lower than women overall and on the domestic activities subscale. Respondents between the ages of 16 and 24 years and those over 85 years had the lowest FAI scores. FAI scores were related to self-reported health status, self-reported levels of activity, and presence of long-standing illness/disability. The FAI has high test-retest reliability. Qualitative data suggested that items such as sport, physical exercise, and caring for children should be included to make the FAI suitable for a wider age range. Conclusion: The FAI has good construct validity, particularly in middle-aged and elderly people, and is reliable. For the FAI to be valid in nonstroke populations, items specific to younger people must be incorporated into it. We have established preliminary age and sex norms that should be interpreted with caution, given the low response rate
Validity of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy questionnaire – a comparison between the Netherlands and the UK
No full textA new classification for outcomes in illness and injury
No full textIllness and injury can lead to complex problems for patients and clinicians. A new approach from the World Health Organization (WHO), the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF), may help manage such patients, and evaluate the success of the interventions used. The authors discuss the application of the ICF model
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