604 research outputs found
Calibrating mars orbiter laser altimeter pulse widths at mars science laboratory candidate landing sites
No full textAccurate estimates of surface roughness allow quantitative comparisons between planetary terrains. These comparisons enable us to improve our understanding of commonly occurring surface processes, and develop a more complete analysis of candidate landing and roving sites. A (secondary) science goal of the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter was to map surface roughness within the laser footprint using the backscatter pulse-widths of individual pulses, at finer scales than can be derived from the elevation profiles. On arrival at the surface, these pulses are thought to have diverged to between 70 and 170 m, corresponding to surface roughness estimates at 35 and 70 m baselines respectively; however, the true baseline and relationship remains unknown. This work compares the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter pulse-widths to surface roughness estimates at various baselines from high-resolution digital terrain models at the final four candidate landing sites of Mars Science Laboratory. The objective was to determine the true baseline at which surface roughness can be estimated, and the relationship between surface roughness and the pulse-widths, to improve the reliability of current global surface roughness estimates from pulse-width maps. The results seem to indicate that pulse-widths from individual shots are an unreliable indicator of surface roughness, and instead, the pulse-widths should be downsampled to indicate regional roughness, with the Slope-Corrected pulse-width dataset performing best. Where Rough Patches are spatially large compared to the footprint of the pulse, pulse-widths can be used as an indicator of surface roughness at baselines of 150 to 300 m; where these patches are spatially small, as observed at Mawrth Vallis, pulse-widths show no correlation to surface roughness. This suggests that a more complex relationship exists, with varying correlations observed, which appear dependent on the distribution of roughness across the sites
Macropus giganteus Shaw 1790
No full textMacropus giganteus Shaw, 1790. Nat. Misc., 1, pl. 33 (text). TYPE LOCALITY: Australia, Queensland, Cooktown (=" New Holland "). DISTRIBUTION: E. and C. Queensland; Victoria; New South Wales; S. South Australia; Tasmania. COMMENT: Opinion 760 of the ICZN placed this name on the Official List of Specific Names in Zoology; see Anon., 1966, Bull. Zool. Nomenci., 22:292-295; and Calaby, Mack, and Ride, 1963, Bull. Zool. Nomenci., 20:376-379 for discussion. Revised by Kirsch and Poole, 1972, Aust. J. Zool., 20:315-319. PROTECTED STATUS: U.S. ESA - Threatened, all subspecies except M. g. tasmaniensis. U.S. ESA - Endangered as M. g. tasmaniensis subspecies only. ISIS NUMBER: 5301402012011007001.Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Marsupialia, pp. 18-51 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.735300
Developing a partnership of indigenous peoples, conservationists, and land use planners in Latin America
No full textIllustrating from a rich body of case material, Poole's report reflects a shift away from the traditional view - represented by certain national parks and similar protected areas - that indigenous peoples be allowed to occupy and use an area's resources following rules set by conservationists. Under the new paradigm that is developing, indigenous peoples are seen as an integral part of protected area planning through agreements worked out in partnership with conservation authorities. An example of this new approach is the role that indigenous peoples are playing in the design of biosphere reserves. Poole suggests that the Bank and other development organizations pay more attention to vernacular economies - economies based on local resources, used either for subsistence or as a source of revenue. He also recommends more research into economics and resource implications of these local activities to harvest wild resources, especially in environmentally delicate areas such as tropical rainforests.Environmental Management,Tourism and Ecotourism,Water Conservation,Natural Resources Management,Wetlands
Nanoscale thermal imaging of VO<sub>2</sub> via Poole–Frenkel conduction
No full textWe present a method for nanoscale thermal imaging of insulating thin films using atomic force microscopy (AFM), and we demonstrate its utility on VO2. We sweep the applied voltage V to a conducting AFM tip in contact mode and measure the local current I through the film. By fitting the IV curves to a Poole-Frenkel conduction model at low V, we calculate the local temperature with spatial resolution better than 50 nm using only fundamental constants and known film properties. Our thermometry technique enables local temperature measurement of any insulating film dominated by the Poole-Frenkel conduction mechanism and can be extended to insulators that display other conduction mechanisms. © 2022 Author(s).11Nsciescopu
Petrogale penicillata
No full textPetrogale penicillata (Gray, 1827). Anim. Kingdom (Cuvier), Mamm., 3, plate only. TYPE LOCALITY: Australia, New South Wales, Sydney. DISTRIBUTION: Mainland Australia; Mondraine Isl. and adjacent Isis.; Groote Eylandt (off Northern Territory); Pearson Isis. (S. Australia). COMMENT: Includes inornata; see Ride, 1970:223. Revision of the genus is underway by Sharman et al.; a preliminary account of their arrangement is provided by Poole, 1979, in Tyler, ed., The Status of Endangered Australasian Wildlife, pp. 19- 22; inornata, godmani and purpureicollis are included in penicillata. ISIS NUMBER: 5301402012015003001.Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Marsupialia, pp. 18-51 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 48, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.735300
Macropus fuliginosus
No full textMacropus fuliginosus (Desmarest, 1817). Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., nouv. ed., 17:35. TYPE LOCALITY: Australia, South Australia, Kangaroo Island. DISTRIBUTION: S.W. New South Wales; Victoria; South Australia; S. W. Western Australia; Tasmania; King Isl.; Kangaroo Isl. COMMENT: See Kirsch and Poole, 1972, Aust. J. Zool., 20:315-339, for discussion of species limits and subspecies included in this taxon and in giganteus. PROTECTED STATUS: U.S. ESA - Threatened. ISIS NUMBER: 5301402012011006001.Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Marsupialia, pp. 18-51 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.735300
Hospital Reform in Palermo
No full textA partire dal XV secolo, l'ospedale cessa di essere un riflesso della carità cristiana e diventa un veicolo per la gestione del bene comune. In precedenza, la diffusione della spiritualità influenzata dagli Ordini mendicanti aveva stimolato nuove forme di pietà e opere di carità più ampie, tra cui le visite ai malati, la gestione degli ospedali e la distribuzione di cibo e vestiario.
Il tardo Medioevo vide un un cambiamento radicale. Gli ospedali divennero centri polifunzionali dedicati a vari tipi di cure. In linea con una tendenza osservata in tutta Europa, le principali città siciliane (Messina, Catania, Palermo, Siracusa e Trapani) adattarono i propri sistemi ospedalieri alle esigenze di riforma. Le piccole istituzioni che avevano fornito assistenza e forme minime di cura vennero aggregate in nuovi grandi ospedali. Gli ospedali ospedali urbani assunsero il compito di accogliere i gruppi non in grado di provvedere alle loro necessità (pellegrini, bambini abbandonati, vecchi invalidi, donne sole). Se l’ospedale medievale forniva ricovero e cure a un numero limitato di bisognosi, si assiste a una progressiva medicalizzazione. Sempre di più, grazie anche
anche alle idee diffuse da Leon Battista Alberti, l'ospedale nel Rinascimento divenne centrale e identificabile nello skyline della città, come testimoniano la monumentalità degli edifici e la
e la ricchezza dei loro ornamenti.From the fifteenth century onward, the hospital ceased to be a reflection of Christian charity and became a vehicle for managing the common good. Previously, the spread of spirituality influenced by the mendicant orders stimulated new forms of piety and broader works of charity, including visits to the sick and hospital management and the distribution of food and clothing. The late Middle Ages saw a radical change. Hospitals became multipurpose centers dedicated to various types of care. In alignment with a trend observed throughout Europe, the major Sicilian cities (Messina, Catania, Palermo, Syracuse, and Trapani) adapted their own hospital
systems to the new reforms. The small institutions that had provided care and minimal forms of treatment were aggregated into large new hospitals. Urban hospitals took on the task of accommodating groups unable to provide for their own needs (pilgrims, abandoned children, old invalids, or women in labor). While the medieval hospital provided shelter and care for a limited number of needy, the modern hospital underwent progressive medicalization. More and more, thanks also to the ideas spread by the humanist author Leon Battista Alberti, the hospital in the Renaissance became central and identifiable in the city skyline, as evidenced
by the monumentality of buildings and the richness of their ornaments
Half-Sandwich Imido into related complexes of niobium and tantulum - relative of the zirconocene family
No full textThis thesis describes studies directed towards the preparation of half- sandwich niobium and tantalirai compounds containing imido and phosphino-carbene ligands, with particular emphasis on the relationship of such species with bent metallocene complexes of the Group 4 triad. Chapter 1 highlights areas of transition metal chemistry of relevance to the general theme of this thesis, including reviews of metal imido and zirconocene chemistry. Chapter 2 describes the use of silylated anilines for convenient solution syntheses of half-sandwich imido complexes of niobium and tantalum of the type Cp'M(N-2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))Cl(_2)(Cp' = Cp, Cp*). In addition, the syntheses and reactivities of mono- and bis-alkyl derivatives (methyl, neopentyl, and benzyl) are presented. The bis-neopentyl complexes CpNb(NR)(CH(_2)CMe(_3))(_2) (R = CMe(_3); 2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3)), reveal multiple a-agostic interactions which have been primarily studied via an X-ray crystal structure determination and NMR spectroscopy. Thermolysis of Cp*Nb(N-2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))(CH(_2)Ph)(_2) in die presence of PMe(_3) affords die benzylidene complex Cp*Nb(N-2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))(η(^1)-CHPh)(PMe3) whose X-ray crystal structure has been determined. Chapter 3 describes the preparation of the niobium and tantalum imido complexes Cp'M(N-2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))(L)(PMe(_3)) (M = Nb, L = C(_2)H(_4), C(_3)H(_6), CO, Me(_2)C(_2). Ph(_2)C(_2), C(_6)H(_4), PMe(_3); M = Ta, L = C(_2)H(_4), C(_3)H(_6), CO). Single crystal structure determinations on CpNb(N-2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))(η(^2)-C(_3)H(_6))(PMe(_3)) and CpNb(N-2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))(η(_2)-C(_6)H(_4))(PMe(_3)) have been undertaken and their relationship to Group 4 metallocenes noted. Treatment of Cp*Ta(N-2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))(L)(PMe(_3)) (L = C(_2)H(_4),C(_3)H(_6)) with a-olefins was found to lead to displacement of PMe(_3) and the generation of tantallacycle containing species. Chapter 4 compares the reactivity of tantalum imido and phosphino-carbenederivatives of the form Cp*Ta(E)(H)(X)(PMe(_3)) (E = N-2,6-(^i)Pr2-C(_6)H(_3), η(^2)-CHPMe(_2); X = H, I) with a number of a-olefins. Investigations into die mechanism of catalytic oligomerisation of a-olefins by Cp*Ta(η(^2)-CHPMe(_2))(H)(_2)(PMe(_3)) reveal that pathways involving metallacycle intermediates are most probable, whereas Cp*Ta(N-2,6-(^i);Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))(H)(_2)(PMe(_3)) reacts with a-olefins to afford stable tantallacycle complexes. The reactivity of die dihydrido species has been moderated by the preparation of mono- iodide derivatives and their reactivity towards a-olefins studied. Cp*Ta(η(^2)-CHPMe(_2))(H)(I)(PMe(_3)) dimerises ediylene selectively to but-1-ene, while Cp*Ta(N-2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))(H)(I)(PMe(_3)) reacts with ethylene to form die stable ethyl species Cp*Ta(N-2,6-(^i)Pr(_2)-C(_6)H(_3))(Et)(I). Furtherrmore, studies investigating a variety of niobium and tantalum imido species as possible catalysts for die oligomerisation and polymerisation of a-olefins under industrially relevant conditions have been undertaken in collaboration with B.P. Chemicals Ltd.. Chapter 5 gives experimental details for chapter 2-4
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Burying the Axe & Fording the River: A Tale of Regional Economic Cooperation
No full textEconomic development in Oklahoma and Texas has often involved one state's efforts to snatch companies from the other. When competing against one another, the Oklahoma-Texas rivalry could sometimes become blood sport. However, leaders from both sides of the Red River realized the advantages that comes with economic cooperation. So they resolved to ford the river and begin an unlikely collaboration between a relatively rural area of north Texas and southern Oklahoma - an area known as "Texoma" after the large lake in the center of the region.IC2 Institut
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