98 research outputs found
ETS - NC
No full textThis code was developed to study the impact of the market stability reserve on the European Emission Trading System. It calculates an equilibrium between a representative price-taking agent on the ETS allowance auctions. The agent makes a trade-off between abatement and buying emission allowances, based on marginal abatement cost curves. It employs an iterative price-search algorithm based on ADMM to calculate this equilibrium iteratively. This allows considering a wide range of marginal abatement cost curves, which can be automatically calibrated to reproduce allowance prices post MSR reform (2019). The model allows studying the impact of emission allowance demand changes due to shocks, overlapping climate policies or EU ETS design changes as well as the impact of the convexity of the abatement cost curve.
This specific implementation was used in the following paper:
[1] K. Bruninx & Marten Ovaere, "COVID-19, Green Deal & the recovery plan permanently change emissions and prices in EU ETS Phase IV", Under review with Nature Communications, 2021. Available online:
The solution procedure based on ADMM is detailed in:
[2] Kenneth Bruninx, Marten Ovaere, Erik Delarue, "The long-term impact of the market stability reserve on the EU emission trading system," Energy Economics, Volume 89, 2020, art. no. 104746.
The latest version of this code can be found on https://gitlab.kuleuven.be/UCM/ets-nc
Active demand response with electric heating systems: Impact of market penetration
No full textActive demand response(ADR)is a powerful instrument among electric demand side management strategies to influence the customers' load shape. Assessing the real potential of
ADR programmes in improving the performance of the electric power system is a complex task, due to the strict interaction between supply and demand for electricity, which requires integrated modelling tools. In this paper an analysis is performed aimed at evaluating the benefits of ADR programmes in terms of electricity consumption and operational costs,both from the final user's and the overall system's perspective. The demand side technologies
considered are electric heating systems (i.e. heat pumps and electric resistance heaters)coupled with thermal energy storage (i.e. the thermal mass of the building envelope and
the domestic hot water tank). In particular, the effect of the penetration rate of ADR programmes among consumers with electric heating systems is studied. Results clearly show
that increasing the number of participating consumers increases the exibility of the system and, therefore, reduces the overall operational costs. On the other hand, the benefit per individual participant decreases in the presence of more ADR-adherent consumers since a reduced effort from each consumer is needed. Total cost saving ranges at most between about 400€ to 200€ per participant per year for a 5% and 100% ADR penetration rate respectively.sponsorship: K. Bruninx and D. Patteeuw gratefully acknowledge the KU Leuven for funding this work in the framework of their PhD within the GOA project on a 'Fundamental study of a greenhouse gas emission free energy system'. E. Delarue is a research fellow of the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO). The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the Hercules Foundation and the Flemish Government - Department EWI. (KU Leuven)status: Publishe
Risk-based constraints for the optimal operation of an energy community
No full textsponsorship: This work was supported in part by the Strategic Basic Research (SBO) under Grant S006718N provided by the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO), and in part by the University of Leuven's C2 Research Project C24/16/018 entitled "Energy Storage as a Disruptive Technology in the Energy System of the Future." Paper no. TSG-01833-2021. (Strategic Basic Research (SBO) by the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO)|S006718N, University of Leuven's C2 Research Project|C24/16/018)status: Published onlin
The Long-Term Impact of the Market Stability Reserve on the EU Emission Trading System
No full textsponsorship: K. Bruninx is a post-doctoral research fellow of the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) at the University of Leuven and EnergyVille. His work was funded under postdoctoral mandates no. 12J3317N, sponsored by the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO) and FWO, and no. 12J3320N, sponsored by FWO. The authors would like to thank H. Hoschle (VITO) for his advice on the ADMM algorithm. (Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO)|12J3317N, FWO, FWO|12J3320N)status: Publishe
Integrated modeling of active demand response with electric heating systems coupled to thermal energy storage systems
No full textActive Demand Response (ADR) can contribute to a more cost-efficient operation of, and investment in,
the electric power system as it may provide the needed flexibility to cope with the intermittent character
of some forms of renewables, such as wind. One possibly promising group of demand side technologies in
terms of ADR are electric heating systems. These systems could allow to modify their electrical load pattern
without affecting the final, thermal energy service they deliver, thanks to the thermal inertia in the
system. One of the major remaining obstacles for a large scale roll-out of ADR schemes is the lack of a
thorough understanding of interactions between the demand and supply side of the electric power system
and the related possible benefits for consumers and producers. Therefore, in this paper, an integrated
system model of the electric power system, including electric heating systems (heat pumps and auxiliary
resistance heaters) subjected to an ADR scheme, is developed, taking into account the dynamics and constraints
on both the supply and demand side of the electric power system. This paper shows that only
these integrated system models are able to simultaneously consider all technical and comfort constraints
present in the overall system. This allows to accurately assess the benefits for, and interactions of,
demand and supply under ADR schemes. Furthermore, we illustrate the effects not captured by traditional,
simplified approaches used to represent the demand side (e.g., price elasticity models and virtual
generator models) and the supply side (e.g., electricity price profiles and merit order models). Based on
these results, we formulate some conclusions which may help modelers in selecting the approach most
suited for the problem they would like to study, weighing the complexity and detail of the model
The long-term impact of the market stability reserve on the EU Emission Trading System.
No full textstatus: Published onlin
Strengthening the EU Emission Trading System: Its Impact, Unintended Consequences & Overlapping Policies
No full textstatus: Published onlin
Improved Energy Storage System & Unit Commitment Scheduling
No full text© 2017 IEEE. System operators must schedule sufficient controllable generation ahead of time to compensate unavoidable realtime mismatches between the production and consumption of electricity. If energy storage (ES) facilities are required to provide such flexibility, the technical constraints on the operation of ES must be taken into account in this scheduling problem, which is typically not done in deterministic models. Stochastic optimization enhances the procurement of flexibility, but may require more computational resources. This paper proposes an improved deterministic model for the co-optimization of controllable generation and ES, accounting for the technical constraints of the ES system and arbitrage opportunities with conventional reserve capacity. In a case study, the proposed unit commitment (UC) model is shown to yield significant operational cost reductions without affecting the systems reliability, while the increase in calculation times is limited.sponsorship: K. Bruninx is a postdoctoral research fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) and VITO, the Flemish Institute for Technolgical research. The computational resources and services used in this work were provided by the VSC (Flemish Supercomputer Center), funded by the Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO) and the Flemish Government - department EWI. (Research Foundation - Flanders (FWO), Flemish Government - department EWI)status: Publishe
Trading rights to consume wind in presence of farm-farm interactions
No full textMichiel Kenis is a PhD researcher at the Energy Systems Integration & Modeling Group at the University of Leuven with a doctoral mandate from the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO). He was a visiting researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. His research focuses on cross-border electricity markets. He holds a MSc in energy engineering and a MSc in policy economics, both from the University of Leuven. Luca Lanzilao completed his MSc degree in mathematical engineering from Politecnico di Torino in 2018. Currently, he is pursuing a PhD at KU Leuven. His research focuses on studying the response of the atmospheric boundary layer to wind farm forcing, with particular emphasis on meso-scale phenomena, such as gravity waves. Kenneth Bruninx received a MSc degree in energy engineering in 2011, a MSc in management, and a PhD degree in mechanical engineering in 2016, all from the University of Leuven (KU Leuven), Belgium. Currently, he is an assistant professor at the Faculty of Technology, Policy, and Management of TU Delft, Netherlands and a research fellow at the Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium. His research interests include market design, policies, and regulation for integrated energy systems. Johan Meyers is a professor of mechanical engineering at KU Leuven since 2009. His research focuses on the simulation of turbulent flows and the atmospheric boundary layer with applications in wind energy. In 2012, he obtained an ERC grant on wind farm control and has been involved in various European projects on wind energy since. He served as the vice president of the European Academy of Wind Energy from 2017 to 2019 and as its president from 2019 to end of 2021. He has been active as an associate editor for Computers & Fluids and is currently an associate editor for Wind Energy Science. Erik Delarue received MSc and PhD degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Leuven, Belgium, in 2005 and 2009, respectively. He is currently an associate professor with the University of Leuven, TME Branch (energy conversion) and active with EnergyVille. His research focus and expertise are on quantitative tools, supporting an efficient operation of, and transition toward, a low-carbon energy system (mathematical modeling of energy systems). Applications relate to flexibility through energy systems integration, market design, and energy policies.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Energie and Industri
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