58 research outputs found
Adequate duration and modality of follow-up for patients treated with 131 I for differentiated thyroid cancer
No full textNo abstract in the thesi
Outcome of Radioiodine Therapy in a West African Population
No full textHyperthyroidism continues to be a pressing public health concern in West Africa. Its prevalence in Africa has been quoted as 1.2%-9.9%, with Graves' disease as its most common cause. Radioiodine-131 (RAI) therapy of hyperthyroidism recently commenced in two government hospitals in Ghana and Nigeria. This is a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients treated with RAI for primary hyperthyroidism at the National Centre for Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine (NCRNM) from 2008-2013, and in the University College Hospital (UCH) from 2006-2013. Cure was defined as euthyroidism or hypothyroidism occurring at 6 months post-RAI. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21 and Epi Info version, categorical data were evaluated with the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. 94 patients were studied, aged 20-74 years; 78 were females, and 16 were males. 38 were Ghanaian and 56 Nigerian. The presence of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) made cure less likely (χ2 P = 0.006, odds ratio = 0.118; 95% confidence interval, 0.027-0.518). Other factors assessed proved to be insignificant. Our findings suggest that hyperthyroid patients with TAO will benefit from a higher RAI dose than their counterparts without TAO
Relationship between TSH Level and Effective Half-life of I-131 in Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients
No full textCohort study on adverse drug reactions in adults admitted to the medical wards of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria: Prevalence, incidence, risk factors and fatality
No full textGlobal perspectives: COVID-19 in the eyes of a physician pharmacologist
No full textEmergence of global pandemic coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) has brought the whole world to a standstill. This viewpoint critically appraises factors that have contributed to its huge morbidity and mortality burden worldwide, and proffers solutions. First, the paper examines how drug development scientists and formulation experts could develop novel combination therapies from pre-existing drugs that will disrupt future coronaviruses replication and RNA synthesis. The author discusses the development of novel barrier topical therapies that would prevent the respiratory viruses from gaining entry into host cells. Finally, the article looked at the science of vaccines and why it is the main exit strategy out of this crisis, as well as suggested novel treatment strategies for pharmacologists and clinical scientists globally, particularly in terms of finding new preventive antiviral barrier ointments and possible curative drug treatment
Antiretroviral Drugs in African Surface Waters: Prevalence, Analysis, and Potential Remediation
No full textDATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT : Data, associated metadata, and calculation tools are available from the corresponding author ([email protected]).Please read abstract in the article.The University of Pretoria Commonwealth Doctoral Scholarship and Rand Water.https://setac.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/15528618hj2023Chemistr
Disinfection By-Product Formation in Drinking Water Treated with Chlorine Following
No full textI hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii As far back as the early 1900’s when it was discovered that water could be a mode of transmitting diseases, chlorine was used to disinfect water. In the 1970’s, the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs) from the reaction of chlorine with natural organic matter was discovered. Since then there have been various studies on alternative disinfectants that could inactivate microorganisms and at the same time form less or no disinfection by-products. More recently the ultraviolet (UV) irradiation has been used to both disinfect and remove organic contaminants in drinking water. Though the use of UV irradiation has been found to be very effective in the inactivation of microorganisms, it does not provide a residual effect to maintain the water’s microbial quality in the distribution system. Due to this,
A tell tale handshake
No full textAbstractMyotonic dystrophy is a group of inherited disorders called muscular dystrophies. Clinical presentation of this disease is characterised by progressive muscle weakness with myotonia, cataracts, infertility (in males) and cardiac conduction defects. We present a case of a 35 year old male with lung abscess, later diagnosed to be a case of myotonic dystrophy. Lung abscess is an uncommon presentation of this disease and has never been reported before
A bibliometric analysis of pre- and post-Stockholm Convention research publications on the dirty dozen chemicals (DDCs) in the African environment
No full textPersistent organic pollutants (POPs) are toxic chemicals that stay in the environment for a long time. To address the toxicity issues, global nations, including 53 African countries, ratified the Stockholm Convention to minimize or eliminate the production of 12 POPs known as the “Dirty Dozen”. However, these Dirty Dozen Chemicals (DDCs) still exist in significant concentration in the African environment, prompting numerous research to investigate the level of their occurrences. Here, we conducted a bibliometric analysis to examine the publication trends in DDCs-related research in Africa using articles published between 1949 and 2021 from the Web of Science and Scopus databases. A total of 884 articles were published within the survey period, with a publication/author and author/publication ratio of 0.36 and 2.76, respectively. South Africa ranked first in terms of number of publications (n = 133, 15.05%), and total citations (n = 3115), followed by Egypt (n = 117), Nigeria (n = 77), USA (n = 40), and Ghana (n = 38). Research collaboration was relatively high (collaboration index = 2.88). The insignificant difference between the theoretical and observed Lotka's distribution indicates Lotka's law does not fit the DDC literature. An annual growth rate of 0.57% implies that a substantial increase of articles in years to come is not expected. More research programs should be established in other African countries to measure up to South Africa's supremacy. This is critical in order to provide a basis for effective compliance to the Stockholm Convention on POPs in Africa.https://www.elsevier.com/locate/chemosphere2024-09-15hj2023Physic
Conceptual analysis of the combined effects of vaccination, therapeutic actions, and human subjection to physical constraint in reducing the prevalence of COVID-19 using the homotopy perturbation method
No full textAbstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has put the world's survival in jeopardy. Although the virus has been contained in certain parts of the world after causing so much grief, the risk of it emerging in the future should not be overlooked because its existence cannot be shown to be completely eradicated. Results This study investigates the impact of vaccination, therapeutic actions, and compliance rate of individuals to physical limitations in a newly developed SEIQR mathematical model of COVID-19. A qualitative investigation was conducted on the mathematical model, which included validating its positivity, existence, uniqueness, and boundedness. The disease-free and endemic equilibria were found, and the basic reproduction number was derived and utilized to examine the mathematical model's local and global stability. The mathematical model's sensitivity index was calculated equally, and the homotopy perturbation method was utilized to derive the estimated result of each compartment of the model. Numerical simulation carried out using Maple 18 software reveals that the COVID-19 virus's prevalence might be lowered if the actions proposed in this study are applied. Conclusion It is the collective responsibility of all individuals to fight for the survival of the human race against COVID-19. We urged that all persons, including the government, researchers, and health-care personnel, use the findings of this research to remove the presence of the dangerous COVID-19 virus
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