447 research outputs found
Nail surgery
No full textNail surgery is a special branch of hand and dermatologic surgery. It is not widely performed, and many physicians do not feel at ease to perform it. The objective of this contribution is to give a short overview of the most important surgical procedures in clinical practice. References from the literature and the author's own experiences are condensed to describe what a dermatologic practitioner with knowledge of the nail and some surgical skills can perform. Nail surgery is a precise technique that requires careful administration and attention to details. Proper patient preparation starts with a patient history to identify potential contraindications and to prevent unnecessary complications. The author recommends isopropyl alcohol scrub and chlorhexidine for disinfection and ropivacaine 1% for anesthesia. The technique used for anesthesia depends on the type of surgery. Surgical procedures are described for diagnostic biopsies, nail avulsion in general, onychogryposis, paronychia treatment, hematomas and bone fracture due to trauma, removal of subungual foreign bodies, ingrowing nails, pincer nails, warts, ungual fibrokeratomas, digital myxoid pseudocyst, subungual exostoses, and various tumors. If performed correctly with adequate skills, nail surgery will lead to functionally and aesthetically satisfying results in the majority of instances
Integrated computation model of lithium-ion battery subject to nail penetration
No full textThe nail penetration of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has become a standard battery safety evaluation method to mimic the potential penetration of a foreign object into LIB, which can lead to internal short circuit with catastrophic consequences, such as thermal runaway, fire, and explosion. To provide a safe, time-efficient, and cost-effective method for studying the nail penetration problem, an integrated computational method that considers the mechanical, electrochemical, and thermal behaviors of the jellyroll was developed using a coupled 3D mechanical model, a 1D battery model, and a short circuit model. The integrated model, along with the sub-models, was validated to agree reasonably well with experimental test data. In addition, a comprehensive quantitative analysis of governing factors, e.g., shapes, sizes, and displacements of nails, states of charge, and penetration speeds, was conducted. The proposed computational framework for LIB nail penetration was first introduced. This framework can provide an accurate prediction of the time history profile of battery voltage, temperature, and mechanical behavior. The factors that affected the behavior of the jellyroll under nail penetration were discussed systematically. Results provide a solid foundation for future in-depth studies on LIB nail penetration mechanisms and safety design. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
Melanoma education for nail technician
No full textPurpose of the Project: Skin cancers are treatable and curable when detected early. Cosmetologists are an untapped resource who can assist in the early detection of skin cancer. This DNP project was developed to demonstrate the usefulness of educating nail technicians about skin cancer screening and recommendations to seek healthcare providers.
Methodology: This pilot project is a quasi-experimental, one group, pretest posttest study provided an educational session for nail technicians to teach them to scan their clients for suspicious skin lesions of melanoma. Five nail technicians at a privately owned nail salon in New Jersey were recruited to participate in this study. They received a 30-minute educational session. Questionnaires were given to all participants before, immediately after and 6 weeks after the educational session to evaluate the change in their knowledge. Additionally, participants completed a client interaction log to document the results of their client skin cancer screenings and recommendations to visit healthcare providers.
Results: Five nail technicians participated in the educational intervention but only two nail technicians filled out the questionnaires. Both participants increased their knowledge on the post- test. Within the 6-week period, the two participants saw a total of 318 clients; one client (0.31%) was found to have an abnormal skin lesion.
Implications: Findings suggests that nail technicians can learn to scan their client’s skin for suspicious skin lesions as part of their normal nail services. Integrating identification of abnormal lesions into cosmetology programs will provide another opportunity to detect early stages of melanoma.D.N.P.Includes bibliographical reference
Melanoma education for nail technicians
No full textPurpose: Melanoma is associated with a high mortality rate due to a lack of routine screening and its aggressive nature. With only a small percentage of Americans receiving a skin check by a physician, we must utilize other professionals where an individual’s skin can be examined for abnormalities. Nail technicians have a unique opportunity to assess a person’s skin more frequently than any other medical professional, which as a result, can lead to potential early detection and treatment.
Methodology: This project conducted a single-group, pretest-posttest to measure changes in the scores of nail-technicians self-confidence and knowledge of melanoma detection after a 30-minute PowerPoint and video presentation. Eight nail technicians at a privately owned nail salon in New Jersey were recruited to participate in the study. All nail technicians participated in an education session. A pretest was given before the education session, a posttest immediately after, and a second posttest 8 weeks post education session to evaluate change in their knowledge. Additionally, a client interaction log was provided to document interaction and findings among clients.
Results: Eight nail technicians participated in the education session and completed the pretest and two posttests. All eight participants showed increased knowledge on the first posttest but did not all score 100% on the second posttest. From September 1, 2022, to October 31, 2022, the eight nail technicians saw a total of 858 clients. Of that total, 81 were scanned by technicians for abnormalities and 58 were found to have a potentially abnormal skin lesion.
Implications for Practice: The findings suggest that nail technicians can learn to incorporate scanning client’s skin for suspicious skin lesions as part of their normal service.D.N.P.Includes bibliographical reference
An in vitro biomechanical investigation of an interlocking nail for fixation of diaphyseal tibial fractures in adult horses
No full textThe compressive, bending and torsional mechanical properties of osteotomized adult equine tibiae stabilized with an interlocking intramedullary nail (nail-tibia composite) were compared with those of intact tibiae to determine the clinical applicability of the the nail for repair of tibial fractures in adult horses. The mean yield load, failure load, and stiffness for the nail-tibia composites were significantly less (P < .05) than those for the intact tibiae in all loading configurations. The mean compressive yield load for the nail-tibia composites was greater than the compressive load calculated from previously reported in vivo data for walking and trotting, and was equal to the load calculated for recovery from anesthesia. The mean yield bending moment for the nail-tibia composites was greater than the bending moment previously calculated for standing, walking, and recovery from anesthesia. The mean torsional yield load for the nail-tibia composites was less than the torsional load determined for the walk from another in vivo study. The design of the interlocking nail evaluated in the present study should be modified to increase torsional and compressive yield strengths and torsional stiffness before reasonable success could be expected for the treatment of adult equine tibial fractures.LR: 20061115; PUBM: Print; JID: 8113214; ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
Experimental study of an innovative driven and grouted soil nail (x-Nail)
No full textThis paper describes an experimental investigation of a newly developed driven and grouted soil nail (x-Nail), which combines the capabilities of a purely frictional driven nail and a compaction-grouted nail. The innovative design allows the x-Nail to be driven into the ground with a latex balloon attached that is used subsequently for compaction grouting. A grout bulb is thus formed at the driven end of the nail to improve its pull-out resistance. For compaction grouting, a special type of additive-mixed cement grout was used in this investigation because of its zero bleeding and high bond strength. A series of pullout model tests was conducted to examine the performance of the x-Nail compared to a purely frictional soil nail. It was found that more than 90% of the pullout force of the x-Nail was resisted by the expanded grout bulb and the end bearing resistance of the grout bulb increased with the increment of the injected grout volumes. The experimental results revealed that the pullout force of the x-Nail increased approximately 1800%, 1550%, 1200% and 900% compared to the purely frictional soil nail for the injected grout volumes of about 350 ml, 270 ml, 220 ml, and 170 ml, respectively.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
In vitro cyclic biomechanical properties of an interlocking equine tibial nail
No full textOBJECTIVE: To determine cyclic biomechanical properties of gap osteotomized adult equine tibiae stabilized with an equine interlocking nail (EIN). STUDY DESIGN: In vitro experimental biomechanical investigation. SAMPLE POPULATION: Thirteen adult equine cadaveric tibiae. METHODS: Adult equine tibiae with transverse, midshaft, 1-cm gap osteotomies, stabilized with an equine interlocking nail, underwent cyclic biomechanical testing in vitro under axial compression, 4-point bending, and torsion. Different specimens were subjected to different load levels that represented estimated in vivo loads at 2 Hz for 740,000 cycles. Fatigue life and gap strain were calculated. RESULTS: Compression and bending, but not torsional, fatigue life were longer than time necessary for bone healing. Compressive, but not bending or torsional, gap strains were small enough to be compatible with fracture healing by primary bone formation. Gap strains for compressive, bending, and torsional loads were compatible with indirect, or secondary, bone formation. CONCLUSIONS: Further modification should be made to the equine interlocking nail to increase bending stiffness and torsional fatigue life. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The stainless steel equine intramedullary interlocking nail is unlikely to provide appropriate long-term stability for fracture healing in adult equine tibiae without modifications in the nail design and material.LR: 20061115; PUBM: Print; JID: 8113214; ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
Trastornos de autoagresión hacia las uñas. Autoagressive nail disoreders
No full textBackground and objective: Autoaggressive nail disorders span a
wide range of clinical changes, but they often remain undiagnosed.
This article is intended to help the practitioner to make the correct
diagnosis and institute an accepted treatment.
Material and method: The patient charts of 1800 patients seen by
the author between the years 2000-2011 in 6 different European
countries were evaluated using photographs of finger and toenails.
Results: The most common condition is onycholysis induced by
overzealous manicure. The habit tic of maniacally pushing back the
proximal nail fold of one or both thumb nails is frequent and often
misdiagnosed. Heller’s median canaliform dystrophy is probably also
due to a similar injury mechanism. Onychophagia is relatively com-
mon and seen both in children and adults. Onychotillomania is less
frequent and almost exclusively seen in adults. Onychotemnomania
is even less frequent. Onychoteiromania is sowhere between the
latter two habits. Onychodaknomania is exceptional and usually a
sign of an underlying psychiatric disorder. There was no substantial
difference in the prevalence of these conditions among the different
countries visited.
Conclusions: Auto aggressive nail injury is common, but often
difficult to diagnose. Patient care requires not only an in-depth
knowledge of virtually all nail diseases, but also a cautious and
empathic patient examination and treatmentAntecedentes:
los trastornos de autoagresión hacia las uñas
cubren un amplio intervalo de cambios clínicos que con frecuencia
permanecen sin diagnóstico.
Objetivo:
ayudar al médico a hacer un diagnóstico correcto y a
implantar un tratamiento aceptado.
Material y método: se evaluaron las historias clínicas de 1,800
pacientes tratados por el autor entre los años 2000 y 2011 en 16
diferentes países europeos, usando fotografías de las uñas de los
dedos y de los pies.
Resultados: la afección más común es la onicólisis inducida por
una manicura demasiado exhaustiva. El tic habitual de empujar
maniáticamente hacia atrás el pliegue proximal de la uña de uno
o ambos pulgares de las manos es frecuente y muchas veces se
diagnostica de manera errónea. La distrofia media canaliforme de
Heller también se debe, probablemente, a un mecanismo de lesión
similar. La onicofagia es relativamente común y se ve en niños y
en adultos. La onicotilomanía es menos frecuente y se observa
casi exclusivamente en adultos. La onicotemnomanía es aún más
rara. La onicoteiromanía está en algún punto entre los dos hábitos
anteriores. La onicodacnomanía es excepcional y casi siempre un
signo de algún trastorno psiquiátrico subyacente. No se encontró
una diferencia sustancial en la prevalencia de estas condiciones
entre los diferentes países que se visitaron.
Conclusiones: las lesiones autoagresivas de las uñas son comu-
nes, pero con frecuencia son difíciles de diagnosticar. El cuidado
del paciente requiere no sólo un conocimiento profundo de prác-
ticamente todas las enfermedades de las uñas, sino también un
examen y un tratamiento cauteloso y empático
A Bone-Disc Nail Cleaner from South-East Wales
No full textThis short paper focuses on a late Iron Age/early Roman copper-alloy nail cleaner discovered during the excavations of Llanmelin Wood Camp hillfort, near Newport (S. Wales), in 2012. The nail-cleaner is to date a rare find west of the River Wye and as such, the author assess the wider chronological and social significance and implications
An in vitro biomechanical investigation of an equine interlocking nail
No full textOBJECTIVE: To determine the mechanical properties of Equine Interlocking Nail (EIN; JD Wheat Veterinary Orthopedic Research Laboratory, University of California, Davis) stabilized osteotomized tibiae and compare these variables with estimated in vivo loads. STUDY DESIGN: In vitro biomechanical investigation. ANIMALS: Twelve adult equine cadaveric tibiae. SAMPLE POPULATION: EIN-stabilized tibiae were tested monotonically under compression, 3- and 4-point bending, and torsion. Mechanical properties were compared with estimated in vivo loads. RESULTS: EIN-tibial composite mean compressive yield load (11 kN) and bending moment (216 Nm) were greater than loads expected postoperatively in vivo; however, the mean torsional yield load (156 Nm) was less than that expected in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: EIN-stabilized tibiae had compressive and bending strengths greater than those expected to maintain stability during walking in adult horses. Torsional yield strength did not appear sufficient to provide stability during walking in vivo. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The EIN is not a feasible method of fracture repair for adult equine tibial fractures at this time, because its mechanical properties appear inadequate to withstand the postoperative torsional loads encountered during walking. Because this method of fracture repair may offer biological advantages, further modification of an interlocking nail for adult horses appears warranted.LR: 20061115; PUBM: Print; JID: 8113214; ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
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