1,720,985 research outputs found
From Pausanias to Baedeker and Trip Advisor: Textual proto-tourism and the engendering of tourism distribution channels
Full text linkThe key aim of this article is to provide an interdisciplinary look at tourism and its diachronic textual threads bequeathed by the ‘proto-tourist’ texts of the Greek travel author Pausanias. Using the periegetic, travel texts from his voluminous Description of Greece (2nd century CE) as a springboard for our presentation, we intend to show how the textual strategies employed by Pausanias have been received and still remain at the core of contemporary series of travel guides first authored by Karl Baedeker (in the 19th century). After Baedeker, Pausanias’ textual travel tropes, as we will show, still inform the epistemology of modern-day tourism; the interaction of travel texts with travel information and distribution channels produces generic hybrids, and the ancient Greek travel authors have paved the way for the construction of networks, digital storytelling and global tourist platforms
Od Pauzaniasza do Baedekera i serwisu Tripadvisor: prototuryzm tekstualny oraz zagrożenia dla kanałów dystrybucji turystycznej
Full text linkGłównym celem autorek artykułu jest interdyscyplinarne spojrzenie na turystykę i jej diachroniczne wątki tekstualne w prototurystycznych pismach Pauzaniasza – greckiego autora opowieści o podróżach. Korzystając z periegetycznych tekstów podróżniczych, zaczerpniętych z jego obszernego dzieła Wędrówki po Helladzie (Periegesis tes Hellados; II w. n.e.), będącego punktem wyjścia do rozważań, autorki zamierzają pokazać, że strategie tekstualne Pauzaniasza wciąż stanowią podstawę współczesnej serii przewodników turystycznych, zapoczątkowanej przez K. Baedekera w XIX w. Celem opracowania jest również wykazanie, że po Baedekerze tradycyjne teksty podróżnicze Pauzaniasza nadal mają wpływ na epistemologię współczesnej turystyki: interakcje między tekstami podróżniczymi, zawierającymi informacje turystyczne, a kanałami dystrybucji prowadzą do pojawienia się generycznych hybryd, a starożytni greccy autorzy podróży utorowali drogę do tworzenia cyfrowych opowiadań, sieci i globalnych platform turystycznych
GoFit Erasmus project: a transdisciplinary approach for exercise, health and tourism
No full textGoFit (Go Functional Improvement and Tourism) program was conceived as an educational tool for experts in sport and exercise science. Its goal is to teach experts important skills to support tourists on the development of healthy habits when they are less busy and more open to suggestions over adapting new healthier habits. The GO Functional Improvement & Tourism (GO FIT) project addresses the gap in learning programs between HEI’s exercise and health experts with both educational and clinical expertise in collaboration with tourism manager’s specialists. The authors discuss the way the GO FIT project is conceived and designed so as to develop a new learning program, by using Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) through the development of a web platform and a multimedia application. This transdisciplinary approach for exercise, health and tourism experts aims to achieve relevant and high quality skills and competences in designing the appropriate program for tourists and helping them to adopt a new healthy lifestyle
Russian Artistic Gymnastics as a Sports Tourism Product: Some Observations and a Research Agenda
Full text linkTourism and its importance to the Russian Federation are very much in the headlines at present. Considering the huge investment made in facilities for the Winter Olympics, the building of new sports facilities for such mega events as the Football World Cup, and the status of St Petersburg as a candidate city for the 2028 Olympics, it is clear that Russia has long term plans to attract visitors to their sporting events. The purpose of this paper is to develop a research agenda to explore the potential of artistic gymnastics, a sport in which the Russian Federation has excelled for many years, as an agent of tourism development.
The paper will take a case study approach, considering the nature of fandom and identifying features of artistic gymnastics as cultural heritage and sports tourism product. The national and international environment within which it is set are examined, prior to the development of a research agenda. A detailed review of literature on the historic, current and emerging trends in Russian artistic gymnastics; the place of artistic gymnastics in tourism development and sports tourism in Russia will be carried out.
The paper’s findings will include considerations of:
• The nature of gymnastics fandom, both in Russia and internationally
• The nature of sports tourism development in the Russian Federation
• The nature of gymnastics as a sport and its competition cycle
• Artistic gymnastics as cultural heritage, and its potential as an autonomous means of promoting Russian national identity
• The relationship between Russia’s sometimes fading gymnastics competition results, and its potential to leverage the sport for tourism interest
• The potential for tourism product development linked to artistic gymnastics in the Russian Federation.
The paper contributes to the literature on the nature of sports tourism as it relates to artistic gymnastics in the Russian Federation in particular
Museums: From Cabinets of Curiosity to Cultural Shopping Experiences
Full text linkThe evolution of the museum in society has been extensively considered in both the museums and marketing literature. Museums began life as private collections assembled as spectacles for the benefit of a chosen few (‘cabinets of curiosity’). Over time, in response to changes in society, a broader vision of their role evolved, anchored in ideas of public benefit and community engagement with common cultural heritage. Organisations such as ICOM (the International Committee on Museums) have been established (1946) to monitor and regulate approaches to their management worldwide.
Scholarly and custodial functions are now rooted at the heart of the museum, but museums have also gradually embraced an outward perspective towards the visitor. Since the 1990s visitor experience, education and entertainment have become embedded into general mission statements alongside the more traditional curatorial roles. The theme of evolution in museum role is perennial and leads to the consideration of current trends and changes in its emphasis.
As cultures of consumption have increasingly become pervasive in Western society, and economic constraints have led to cuts in Government funding of culture, the UK’s nationally-funded museums have now become adept at generating income from trading and other sources. An emergent strand of literature suggests that alongside the—now, in the main accepted—visitor focus of museums, is the idea of the future of the museum as a ‘cultural shop’, implying a growing organisational orientation towards income generation. The parallel perspective on museums as part of the economic infrastructure, valued for multiplier effects related to tourism, leads to the central theme of this work—how is the increasingly commercial role of the museum influencing its visitor provision and hence its relationship to its publics?
The paper will provide an overview of the role and evolution of the museum to date prior to considering the development of role and function in one of the UK’s leading nationally-funded museums, London’s National Gallery. This museum is one of the UK’s flagship visitor attractions, the second-best attended in the country. A content analysis of visitor provision will be undertaken and the conclusions related to a framework based on visitor profiling, to try to understand how trading outlets and paid interpretation is currently influencing the museum product and its audiences
Assessing The Value Of Hotel Online Reviews To Consumers.
No full textPrevious research studied the impact of travel online reviews. However, this is quantitative and lacks of conceptual frameworks to ensure consistency. Only a few of these have considered influencing variables (i.e. characteristics of the review and the reader, and surrounding circumstances). Some of their findings are conflicting, which could relate to lacking a consistent approach. This study will only focus on online reviews about accommodation establishments. Its aim is to gain an understanding of the value of accommodation online reviews, through a qualitative study. A conceptual framework, based on consumer-perceived value theory, has been developed and face-to-face interviews with accommodation online review readers have been undertaken. The results suggest that the value of reviews is primary epistemic and partially functional, but limited emotional and social value has been reported. Furthermore, the elements eliciting the different value dimensions and additional variables influencing on their value (such as information search patterns) are identified
Motivations in Battlefield Tourism: the case of ‘1916 Easter Rising Rebellion', Dublin
No full textJourneys to battlefields or war-related sites are categorised as dark tourism. Dark tourism is travelling to sites associated with death, disasters or atrocities and has emerged as a major tourist attraction (Sharpley, 2009; Lennon and Foley, 2000). As it deals with a wide range of travel related to death and disaster, definitions and descriptions of dark tourism have been eclectic and fuzzy (Sharpley and Stone, 2009). It involves visiting concentration camps, war memorials, cemeteries, scenes of mass murder, horror museums, fields of fatality, sites of natural disasters and perilous places (Dann, 1998, Sharpley, 2005), and has been varyingly described as ‘morbid tourism’ (Blom, 2000), ‘milking the macabre’ (Dann, 1998), thanatourism (Seaton, 1999) ‘black spots tourism’ or ‘sensation sights tourism’ (Rojek, 1993; Rojek, 1997) and ‘the heritage of atrocity tourism’ (Tunbridge and Ashworth, 1996).
Battlefield tourism can be defined as travelling to war-related sites to remember and commemorate the fallen focusing on spiritual and emotional experience (Baldwin and Sharpley, 2009). The battlefields and other artefacts associated with warfare have been drawing visitors for many centuries (Kang, et. al., 2012). A trip to war-related sites could take many different forms, and visitor backgrounds, attitudes and their reasons for visiting war-related sites could also vary.
This paper reports findings of a study examining motivations of visitors to major battlefield destinations related to the ‘1916 Easter Rising Rebellion’. This study employed quantitative research methods with a questionnaire survey at two different sites and a tour associated with Easter Rising rebellion in Dublin, Ireland
Dark cities? Developing a methodology for researching dark tourism in European cities
Full text linkDespite the recent growth of research into dark tourism (Dale & Robinson, 2011; Lennon & Foley, 2000; Stone, 2013; Tarlow, 2005) and the growth of the dark tourism market (Biran & Hyde, 2013; Stone 2005; Stone & Sharpley, 2008), there has been little interest shown in understanding the relationship between dark tourism and urban tourism (Page & Hall 2002). This paper presents the initial findings of a research project that investigates the dark tourism products offered by European cities. A series of keywords were developed following a review of the dark tourism literature and this was used carry out a content analysis of the Destination Marketing Organisation websites for Europe’s ten most visited cities. The content analysis used Stone’s (2006) Dark Tourism Continuum to evaluate the dark tourism products offered in each destination and to present a descriptive overview of Europe’s city-based dark tourism offer. The paper concludes that there are a wide range of dark tourism products available to urban tourists in Europe, but that these are rarely conceptualised as such. The mixture of ‘light’ and ‘dark’ dark tourism products presents difficulties in categorisation and standardisation of the urban tourism offer, but this is a potential area of new product development for DMOs across Europe
Digital strategies to a local cultural tourism development: Project e-Carnide
Full text linkDigital humanities and smart economy strategies are being seen as an important link between tourism and cultural heritage, as they may contribute to differentiate the audiences and to provide different approaches. Carnide is a peripheral neighbourhood of Lisbon with an elderly population, visible traces of rurality, and strong cultural and religious traditions. The academic project e-Carnide concerns its tangible and intangible cultural heritage and the data dissemination through a website and a mobile app, with textual and visual information. The project aims to analyse the impact of technological solutions on cultural tourism development in a sub-region, involving interdisciplinary research in heritage, history of art, ethnography, design communication and software engineering and the collaboration between the university and local residents in a dynamic and innovative way. Framed by a theoretical approach about the role of smart economy for the cultural tourism development in peripheral areas, this paper focuses on a case study, dealing with documents, interviews and observations, in order to understand how the e-Carnide project evolves. The study comprises an analysis about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT analysis) of the project in view to realize its social and cultural implications and to appreciate how it can be applied in other similar and enlarged projects. Results of the research indicates that the new technological strategies can promote the involvement of the population in the knowledge of its own heritage as a factor of cultural and creative tourism development centred on an authentic and immersive experience of the places
The strategic role of virtual communities and social network sites on tourism destination marketing
Full text linkInternet has an enormous diffusion and radically changed most of our economic and social life and impacted the way we communicate, work and conduct business. The emergence of Web 2.0 or Travel 2.0 brings together the concept of social networking/virtual communities and applies it to the tourism industry. The importance of Travel 2.0 features and tools, and specifically of social media environments, is growing fast and many tourism businesses are changing their approach to the manners of presenting themselves online (Au, 2010; Jones Yu, 2010; Schegg et al., 2008). However, tourism operators have not yet fully understood the new technological world by and still many concerns, such as credibility of the information online, possibility to forge for particular interests by unscrupulous competitors, privacy, overload of useless information, in addition to the usual (in the technology arena) lack of resources or skill shortage are the most reported issues are brought forward. This study analyzes factors that influence tourists’ involvement in virtual communities and asserts that virtual communities and social network sites (SNSs) support tourism organizations to develop and improve their marketing functions, as they can understand better their customers’ satisfaction and behavior, to reach worldwide customers in a cost effective way, to engage in a direct dialogue with the customers and undertake corrective actions to improve their offering, and ultimately influence tourists’ destination choice. Synergies and interdependence among those involved can reinforce relations and coordination of activities when all parts involved cooperate to promote a uniform and complete tourist experience. To this end, the role of social media and information technology is of significance for destination marketin
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