1,721,010 research outputs found
EPB882730 Supplemetal Material5 - Supplemental material for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities
No full textSupplemental material, EPB882730 Supplemetal Material5 for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities by Claire L Narraway, Oliver SP Davis, Sally Lowell, Katrina A Lythgoe, J Scott Turner and Stephen Marshall in Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science</p
EPB882730 Supplemetal Material2 - Supplemental material for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities
No full textSupplemental material, EPB882730 Supplemetal Material2 for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities by Claire L Narraway, Oliver SP Davis, Sally Lowell, Katrina A Lythgoe, J Scott Turner and Stephen Marshall in Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science</p
EPB882730 Supplemetal Material1 - Supplemental material for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities
No full textSupplemental material, EPB882730 Supplemetal Material1 for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities by Claire L Narraway, Oliver SP Davis, Sally Lowell, Katrina A Lythgoe, J Scott Turner and Stephen Marshall in Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science</p
EPB882730 Supplemetal Material3 - Supplemental material for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities
No full textSupplemental material, EPB882730 Supplemetal Material3 for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities by Claire L Narraway, Oliver SP Davis, Sally Lowell, Katrina A Lythgoe, J Scott Turner and Stephen Marshall in Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science</p
EPB882730 Supplemetal Material4 - Supplemental material for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities
No full textSupplemental material, EPB882730 Supplemetal Material4 for Biotic analogies for self-organising cities by Claire L Narraway, Oliver SP Davis, Sally Lowell, Katrina A Lythgoe, J Scott Turner and Stephen Marshall in Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science</p
Family conflicts in the sea
No full textIn sexually reproducing organisms, conflicts of interest among family members are inevitable. The intensity of these conflicts depends upon the opportunities for parents and offspring to interact and the level of promiscuity. Despite the acknowledged role of family conflict in the evolutionary ecology of terrestrial organisms, its influence in the marine realm has largely been ignored. Nevertheless, marine organisms exhibit a wide range of reproductive and developmental modes through which sexual, sibling, and parent-offspring conflicts can manifest. Moreover, the existence of multiple mating in these species increases the likelihood, as well as the degree, of these conflicts. Consequently, many puzzling aspects of evolution in the sea, from life-history variation to diversification, could be clarified through the lens of conflict theory
Paleo-perspectives on ocean acidification
No full textThe anthropogenic rise in atmospheric CO2 is driving fundamental and unprecedented changes in the chemistry of the oceans. This has led to changes in the physiology of a wide variety of marine organisms and, consequently, the ecology of the ocean. This review explores recent advances in our understanding of ocean acidification with a particular emphasis on past changes to ocean chemistry and what they can tell us about present and future changes. We argue that ocean conditions are already more extreme than those experienced by marine organisms and ecosystems for millions of years, emphasising the urgent need to adopt policies that drastically reduce CO2 emissions
Rising to the challenge of sustaining coral reef resilience
No full textPhase-shifts from one persistent assemblage of species to another have become increasingly commonplace on coral reefs and in many other ecosystems due to escalating human impacts. Coral reef science, monitoring and global assessments have focused mainly on producing detailed descriptions of reef decline, and continue to pay insufficient attention to the underlying processes causing degradation. A more productive way forward is to harness new theoretical insights and empirical information on why some reefs degrade and others do not. Learning how to avoid undesirable phase-shifts, and how to reverse them when they occur, requires an urgent reform of scientific approaches, policies, governance structures and coral reef management
Do early branching lineages signify ancestral traits?
No full textA reverence for ancestors that has pre-occupied humans since time immemorial persists to the present. Reconstructing ancestry is the focus of many biological studies but failure to distinguish between present-day descendants and long-dead ancestors has led to incorrect interpretation of phylogenetic trees. This has resulted in erroneous reconstruction of traits such as morphology and ancestral areas. Misinterpretation becomes evident when authors use the terms 'basal' or 'early diverging' to refer to extant taxa. Here, we discuss the correct interpretation of trees and methods for reconstructing the ancestral features of organisms using recently developed statistical models. These models can be inaccurate unless they use information that is independent of phylogenies, such as genetics, molecular and developmental biology, functional morphology, geological and climatic processes, and the fossil record
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