384 research outputs found
Properties of Calcium Spikes Revealed During GABA<sub>A</sub> Receptor Antagonism in Hippocampal CA1 Neurons From Guinea Pigs
No full text Miura, Masami, Masatomo Yoshioka, Hiroyoshi Miyakawa, Hiroshi Kato, and Ken-Ichi Ito. Properties of calcium spikes revealed during GABAA receptor antagonism in hippocampal CA1 neurons from guinea pigs. J. Neurophysiol. 78: 2269–2279, 1997. Intracellular electrical responses and changes in intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in response to activation of synaptic inputs and to DC injections were recorded simultaneously from CA1 pyramidal neurons ( n = 42) in guinea pig hippocampal slices. In the presence of the γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptor antagonists, bicuculline (25 μM) and picrotoxin (10 μM), broad (>20 ms) all-or-none spikes were induced by activation of synaptic inputs (20 pulses, 30 Hz) and were accompanied by a simultaneous rapid and large rise in [Ca2+]i (34 of 34 cells). By contrast, direct depolarizing current (0.7 nA, 1 s) induced spikes having short duration, during which time the spike firing pattern was observed not to be significantly affected. When Na+ channels were blocked by QX-314 applied intracellularly through the recording microelectrode in the presence of GABAA receptor antagonists, broad spikes were frequently generated by activation of synaptic inputs (32 of 33 cells). These broad spikes were blocked by Cd2+ (200 μM) or in Ca2+-free medium (6 of 6 cells) but were resistant to either tetrodotoxin (TTX; 1 μM; 6 of 6 cells) or QX-314, whereas short-duration spikes were blocked by both TTX andQX-314. Based on these findings we conclude that broad and short-duration spikes are Ca2+ and Na+ spikes, respectively. To investigate the properties of the Ca2+ spikes, antagonists of a voltage-operated Ca2+ channel were applied to the evoked responses. Nifedipine (30 μM), a L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, suppressed the generation of Ca2+ spikes, whereas Ni2+ (100 μM), theT- and R-type Ca2+ channel blocker, and ω-agatoxin-IVA (ω-Aga-IVA, 60 nM), a P-type Ca2+ channel blocker, had little effect on the generation of Ca2+ spikes. Nifedipine suppressed the rise in [Ca2+]i induced by synaptic inputs up to 26% of the control in the soma and 18–32% in the dendrites ( n = 5), respectively, whereas Ni2+ suppressed the rise by 12–27% ( n = 5) in both soma and dendrites. ω-Aga-IVA showed little effect (less than a 10% change; n = 7). These results suggest that the GABAA inhibitory system tonically suppresses dendritic Ca2+ spikes, and the L-type Ca2+ channel plays a major role in the generation of Ca2+ spikes and in Ca2+ influx. </jats:p
フンタイケイ コウリュウドウ コンクリート ノ コウヒンシツカ ノ タメノ ザイリョウ セッケイ
No full text京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(工学)甲第9792号工博第2189号新制||工||1251(附属図書館)UT51-2003-B332京都大学大学院工学研究科土木工学専攻(主査)教授 宮川 豊章, 教授 小野 紘一, 教授 嘉門 雅史学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of EngineeringKyoto UniversityDFA
Inoperable Recurrent Colorectal Cancer Successfully Treated with Low-dose Cisplatin and 5-FU Therapy : Report of Three Cases
No full textThree cases of inoperable recurrent colorectal cancer that were successfully treated with low-dose cisplatin (CDDP) and 5-FU chemotherapy are herein reported. The chemotherapy regimen consisted of CDDP (5 mg/day div. days 1～5) and 5-FU (200～450 mg/m^2/day div, days 1～5) during a 6-week period. A partial response was observed in all three cases. An adverse reaction higher than grade 3 was seen in only one case who had grade 3 leukocytopenia. However, the reaction was not severe and it also was generally well tolerated. No renal toxicity was recognized. We thus concluded that low-dose CDDP and 5-FU therapy is a safe and useful chemotherapeutic regimen for patients with inoperable recurrent colorectal cancer
Letter from residents of Block 30 to Ramond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp, February 24, 1944
No full textLetter from residents of Block 30 to Raymond Best, Director of Tule Lake Camp, requesting the release of Hiroyoshi Tsuda from the army stockades at Tule Lake Camp.The Willard Schmidt collection, documents some of the administrative duties of Willard Schmidt, the Chief of Internal Security for the War Relocation Authority and the Tule Lake incarceration/segregation camp. This collection contains administrative records and photos documenting the Tule Lake camp, the largest incarceration camp with a peak population of 18,789 and with the most turbulent history. In 1943, the camp was turned into a segregation center to house "disloyal" Japanese Americans relocated from other camps based on their answers to a confusing loyalty questionnaire. The camp endured martial law from November 1943- Jan 1944 after escalating protests and unrest. The hostile environment of the camp lead to many incarcerees renouncing their American citizenship upon the end of incarceration, a process which took 14 years to reverse if they did not wish to be deported to Japan
Ultraviolet light responses in photovoltaic properties of TiO₂ / conducting polymer heterostructure devices
No full textThis article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Tokiyoshi Umeda, Yuuki Hashimoto, Hiroyoshi Mizukami, Tomoki Shirakawa, Akihiko Fujii, and Katsumi Yoshino, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 3139 (2004) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1804234.Photovoltaic properties of heterostructure devices of titanium oxide (TiO2) and conducting polymer thin films have been studied. Normal photovoltaic properties were stably observed upon the visible light irradiation of the wavelength range corresponding to the absorption of a conducting polymer, and unique photovoltaic properties were also observed upon the ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation of the wavelength range corresponding to the absorption of TiO2. UV light irradiation caused marked increases in the short-circuit current at the visible-wavelength range and in the open-circuit voltage. These properties have been discussed by considering the enhancement of the built-in field which originates from the hole accumulation caused by the trap levels in the TiO2 layer or TiO2 ∕ conducting polymer interface. This work was partly supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology and from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Semantic Network:A Brief Review of its Datasets
No full textSemantic networks are graphical representations, in terms of nodes and edges, of words and phrases from the linguistics vocabulary to form a meaning and relation between them to describe the intended target or object. It is part of the computer science field utilising Natural Language Processing, text mining, psychology, and sociology. The edges may describe the relation between the nodes as weak or strong, or one way or both ways, or if the node is stand alone. Semantic networks use datasets like ConceptNet and WordNet which uses English vocabulary like nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs to form common meanings and relations. Sometimes the linguistics vocabulary is not present or not clear e.g., examining a patient electronic medical records or physician’s handwritten notes will reveal several terminologies which are only specific to medical professionals in their field. Similarly, when the intended target is an opinion or a subjective state which may or may not be true and represent the author personal views, biases, or prejudices. Instances like these make it difficult to establish a meaningful relation for data analysis purposes. In that case, need arises to develop a database from the ground up for the semantic network to be established. This paper briefly discusses the major semantic network datasets which are open source and available for semantic analysis.</p
Book Reviews: "An Evaluation of Appalachian Regional Development Programs Centering on the Economic Impact of Highway Construction" Kazusei Kato
No full text1157 A Numerical Study on Flow Fields around an Underwater Vehicle "Platypus" with Two Pairs of Mechanical Pectoral Fins
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