365 research outputs found
Steven Pinker on language and thought
No full textEducação Superior::Linguística, Letras e Artes::LinguísticaThis video presents an exclusive preview of Steven Pinker's book: the stuff of thought. The author looks at language and how it expresses what goes on in our minds and how the words we choose communicate much more than we realize. For Steven Pinker, the brilliance of the mind lies in the way it uses just two processes to turn the finite building blocks of our language into infinite meanings. The first is metaphor: we take a concrete idea and use it as a stand-in for abstract thoughts. The second is combination: we combine ideas according to rules, like the syntactic rules of language, to create new thoughts out of old one
Steven Pinker on language and thought
No full textEducação Superior::Linguística, Letras e Artes::LinguísticaThis video presents an exclusive preview of Steven Pinker's book: the stuff of thought. The author looks at language and how it expresses what goes on in our minds and how the words we choose communicate much more than we realize. For Steven Pinker, the brilliance of the mind lies in the way it uses just two processes to turn the finite building blocks of our language into infinite meanings. The first is metaphor: we take a concrete idea and use it as a stand-in for abstract thoughts. The second is combination: we combine ideas according to rules, like the syntactic rules of language, to create new thoughts out of old one
Steven Pinker on language and thought
No full textEducação Superior::Linguística, Letras e Artes::LinguísticaThis video presents an exclusive preview of Steven Pinker's book: the stuff of thought. The author looks at language and how it expresses what goes on in our minds and how the words we choose communicate much more than we realize. For Steven Pinker, the brilliance of the mind lies in the way it uses just two processes to turn the finite building blocks of our language into infinite meanings. The first is metaphor: we take a concrete idea and use it as a stand-in for abstract thoughts. The second is combination: we combine ideas according to rules, like the syntactic rules of language, to create new thoughts out of old one
Steven Pinker on language and thought
No full textEducação Superior::Linguística, Letras e Artes::LinguísticaThis video presents an exclusive preview of Steven Pinker's book: the stuff of thought. The author looks at language and how it expresses what goes on in our minds and how the words we choose communicate much more than we realize. For Steven Pinker, the brilliance of the mind lies in the way it uses just two processes to turn the finite building blocks of our language into infinite meanings. The first is metaphor: we take a concrete idea and use it as a stand-in for abstract thoughts. The second is combination: we combine ideas according to rules, like the syntactic rules of language, to create new thoughts out of old one
Current Status and Future Perspectives of Artificial Intelligence in Magnetic Resonance Breast Imaging
No full textRecent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning (DL) have impacted many scientific fields including biomedical maging. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a well-established method in breast imaging with several indications including screening, staging, and therapy monitoring. The rapid development and subsequent implementation of AI into clinical breast MRI has the potential to affect clinical decision-making, guide treatment selection, and improve patient outcomes. The goal of this review is to provide a comprehensive picture of the current status and future perspectives of AI in breast MRI. We will review DL applications and compare them to standard data-driven techniques. We will emphasize the important aspect of developing quantitative imaging biomarkers for precision medicine and the potential of breast MRI and DL in this context. Finally, we will discuss future challenges of DL applications for breast MRI and an AI-augmented clinical decision strategy
The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence has Declined
No full textFaced with the ceaseless stream of news about war, crime, and terrorism, one could easily think we live in the most violent age ever seen. Yet as New York Times bestselling author Steven Pinker shows in this startling and engaging new work, just the opposite is true: violence has been diminishing for millenia and we may be living in the most peaceful time in our species\u27s existence. For most of history, war, slavery, infanticide, child abuse, assassinations, programs, gruesom punishments, deadly quarrels, and genocide were ordinary features of life. But today, Pinker shows (with the help of more than a hundred graphs and maps) all these forms of violence have dwindled and are widely condemned. How has this happened?This groundbreaking book continues Pinker\u27s exploration of the esesnce of human nature, mixing psychology and history to provide a remarkable picture of an increasingly nonviolent world. The key, he explains, is to understand our intrinsic motives--the inner demons that incline us toward violence and the better angels that steer us away--and how changing circumstances have allowed our better angels to prevail. Exploding fatalist myths about humankind\u27s inherent violence and the curse of modernity, this ambitious and provocative book is sure to be hotly debated in living rooms and the Pentagon alike, and will challenge and change the way we think about our society.https://scholar.dominican.edu/cynthia-stokes-brown-books-personal-research/1184/thumbnail.jp
: A Methodology and Application Primer
No full textComputer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems have become an important tool in the assessment of breast tumors with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). CAD systems can be used for the detection and diagnosis of breast tumors as a "second opinion" review complementing the radiologist's review. CAD systems have many common parts, such as image preprocessing, tumor feature extraction, and data classification that are mostly based on machine-learning (ML) techniques. In this review article, we describe applications of ML-based CAD systems in MRI covering the detection of diagnostically challenging lesions of the breast such as nonmass enhancing (NME) lesions, and furthermore discuss how multiparametric MRI and radiomics can be applied to the study of NME, including prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Since ML has been widely used in the medical imaging community, we provide an overview about the state-of-the-art and novel techniques applied as classifiers to CAD systems. The differences in the CAD systems in MRI of the breast for several standard and novel applications for NME are explained in detail to provide important examples, illustrating: 1) CAD for detection and diagnosis, 2) CAD in multiparametric imaging, 3) CAD in NAC, and 4) breast cancer radiomics. We aim to provide a comparison between these CAD applications and to illustrate a global view on intelligent CAD systems based on machine and deep learning in MRI of the breast. Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 2</p
Correction to: Second International Consensus Conference on lesions of uncertain malignant potential in the breast (B3 lesions) (Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, (2019), 174, 2, (279-296), 10.1007/s10549-018-05071-1)
No full textThe article Second International Consensus Conference on lesions of uncertain malignant potential in the breast (B3 lesions), written by Christoph J Rageth, Elizabeth AM O’Flynn, Katja Pinker, Rahel A Kubik-Huch, Alexander Mundinger, Thomas Decker, Christoph Tausch, Florian Dammann, Pascal A. Baltzer, Eva Maria Fallenberg, Maria P Foschini, Sophie Dellas, Michael Knauer, Caroline Malhaire, Martin Sonnenschein, Andreas Boos, Elisabeth Morris, Zsuzsanna Varga, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal (currently SpringerLink) on November 30, 2018 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on May 30, 2019 to © The Author(s) 2018 and the article is forthwith distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creat iveco mmons.org/licen ses/by/4.0/), which permits use, duplication, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The original article has been corrected
A Very Secret Agent: an examination of James Brand Pinker and his circle of authors
No full textThis thesis examines the influence of the London-based literary agent James Brand Pinker, a former magazine editor who established his agency on Arundel Street in 1896. Working with archives in Britain and America, this investigation situates his career among the broader changes which were taking place within literary culture from the 1890s up to 1922: particularly, heightened commercialisation within the publishing industry and the increasing professionalisation of the author. Literary agents emerged in response – and as an antidote – to these changes. While there has been growing interest in J.B. Pinker for some time, there has been little concentrated study. Due to the impressive array of clients Pinker amassed over the course of his 26-year career, this thesis cannot be exhaustive; it is instead a consideration of selected writers with whom he developed sustained, intimate or unusual relationships. The chapters, organised by author, address Arnold Bennett, Henry James, Joseph Conrad, Ford Madox Ford and finally D.H. Lawrence and James Joyce, the latter two considered together. This structure seeks to reveal the different types of relationship Pinker fostered, enacting roles as diverse as business partner, patron, bank manager, friend and even cinematic collaborator. While these authors enjoyed varying degrees of popular and critical success, taken together they testify to Pinker’s particular interest in promoting and developing the careers of struggling, young literary talent. The agency continued for some years after J.B. Pinker’s death, but this study covers the period from 1896 to 1922, from the establishment of the agency until his death. This thesis aims to contribute to the expanding fields of publishing history and network studies, and to the early history of modernism, as well as to our understanding of the authors concerned
Philosophy of Violence
No full textSteven Pinker argues that the world is less violent today than it has ever been before. For some of his critics, this claim is more than false, it’s bizarre. What is Pinker’s argument, what does it tell us about human nature, and how should we think about violence in general? Join WHY? as we explore Steven’s newest book The Better Angels of Our Nature: Why Violence has Declined, and come face to face with one of the contemporary world’s most important questions: is there moral progress?
Steven Pinker is the Harvard College Professor and the Johnstone Family Professor of Psychology at Harvard University. His research on visual cognition and the psychology of language has won prizes from the National Academy of Sciences, the Royal Institution of Great Britain, the Cognitive Neuroscience Society, and the American Psychological Association. He is the author of numerous books, including The Language Instinct, How the Mind Works, The Blank Slate, and The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature. He is the Chair of the Usage Panel of the American Heritage Dictionary, and writes frequently for The New Republic, The New York Times, and other publications. He has been named Humanist of the Year, and is listed in Foreign Policy and Prospect magazine’s “The World’s Top 100 Public Intellectuals” and in Time magazine’s “The 100 Most Influential People in the World Today.”https://commons.und.edu/why-radio-archive/1105/thumbnail.jp
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