104 research outputs found
Supplemental Material, sj-docx-1-ptd-10.1177_08968608221094423 - Exercise or physical activity-related adverse events in people receiving peritoneal dialysis: A systematic review
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-docx-1-ptd-10.1177_08968608221094423 for Exercise or physical activity-related adverse events in people receiving peritoneal dialysis: A systematic review by Brett Tarca, Shilpanjali Jesudason, Paul N Bennett, Daiki Kasai, Thomas P Wycherley and Katia E Ferrar in Peritoneal Dialysis International</p
Time use clusters of New Zealand adolescents are associated with weight status, diet and ethnicity
No full textIn recent times, the heath of adolescents and young people has been considered a priority area by governments around the world. The New Zealand (NZ) Ministry of Health has identified the current health issues in young people (12–24 years) as mental health problems, alcohol abuse, increasing rates of obesity and decreasing rates of physical activity.1 Significant health inequalities exist among NZ adolescents, with young Māori and Pacific Island people in particular experiencing poorer health outcomes than their peers.2 Māori and Pacific adolescents (10–14 years) are more likely to suffer chronic health conditions, asthma, skin conditions, poorer dental health and overweight and obesity.3 Recent data suggest that 10% of 10–18 year olds in NZ are obese and an additional 24% are overweight.4Recent interventions to improve the health and well-being of adolescents have been implemented at government, community and individual levels.5–7 Yet it appears NZ adolescents are receiving only small benefits, with health trend data suggesting little change1 and health-related interventions yielding generally small effect sizes.8–10 Relationships between individual aspects of time use, such as screen time and health outcomes, have been investigated.11,12 However, there is a suggestion that multi-dimensional patterns of behaviour may affect health in ways not explained when such one-dimensional relationships are investigated.13 Exploring young people\u27s multi-dimensional time use behaviours may further our understanding of the complex health and well-being relationships, and offer insights into the design of targeted health interventions.Cluster analysis is classified as an unsupervised data mining algorithm which attempts to group the data into classes or clusters, such that ‘cases’ within the clusters are similar to each other and relatively dissimilar to the ‘cases’ in the other clusters. Cluster analysis allows empirical definition of data patterns, and does not rely on current theory or knowledge in the related field of study. In recent years, the research fields of dietary patterning14 and disease symptomology15 have successfully utilised cluster analysis to identify underlying patterns in data.16 Cluster analysis to identify adolescent time use patterns has not been a common approach to date. Only 19 adolescent time use clustering studies could be sourced as part of a recent systematic review of the literature.17 The studies reported on adolescents from different countries and relative socioeconomic backgrounds. Regardless of the differences, some similar multi-dimensional time use cluster patterns were identifiable, as were patterns of relationship with socio-demographic variables. No time use clustering studies have reported the time use clusters or patterns of NZ adolescents.The aims of this study are to investigate the time use clusters among NZ adolescents (10–16 years) and determine which time use activity, socio-demographic, anthropometric, physical activity and diet variables best characterise each cluster. To achieve this aim, the study will cluster-analyse 24-hour recall data from a nationally representative sample of NZ adolescents. Authors: Katia Ferrar, Tim Olds, Carol Maher, Ralph MaddisonAustralian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, Volume 37, Issue 1, pages 39–46, February 2013 
The Ferrar Diaries: William Moore Ferrar and his Books
No full textWilliam Moore Ferrar was born in Dublin in 1823. He emigrated in 1841 and settled at Plassy, on the outskirts of Ross, in the Tasmanian midlands, where he farmed and in addition was author to a number of published and unpublished literary works. Recently, his descendants made available his diaries and farm journals, commencing in 1840 with his youth and departure from Ireland, through to 1897. These, though incomplete in span, record his life and farming practices in Tasmania, books he owned or read, often including his reactions, and some of his original poetry and prose writing. This article examines the books he owned, borrowed or read, but also reveals fresh evidence surrounding his published works
The Dufek intrusion, Antarctica: the source of Scarab Peak chemical type volcanism in the Ferrar igneous province?
No full textThe Ferrar magmatic province is one of the most voluminous large igneous provinces (LIPs) on the planet. Its emplacement history is complicated, but its geochemistry can be split into two distinct groups—Mount Fazio chemical type (MFCT) and Scarab Peak chemical type (SPCT). The province also hosts a large layered mafic intrusion (LMI), called the Dufek Intrusion, which has been theorized as a main conduit to the Ferrar magmatic system. Our new whole-rock Sr-Nd-Pb isotope dataset for the Dufek Intrusion, in combination with existing isotopic data for the Ferrar, shows the intrusion shares the same petrogenesis as the Ferrar Igneous Province. It also shows the Dufek Intrusion could be a source for the SPCT group and that the SPCT lavas may be related to the MFCT group. This signature is also similar to Coats Land series 1 magmas. SPCT volcanism accounts for small percentage of the province and prior to this discovery, had very little corresponding intra-crustal magmatism let alone a source. This new dataset has significant implications for the emplacement and size of the SPCT group as well as our understanding of the MFCT group.M.S.Includes bibliographical reference
Poverty as failed exercise of rights? Some theoretical problems
No full textA state of deprivation can be epitomised as a situation that implies not only a lack of resources but even a failed exercise of individual rights. Sometimes, if we consider poor exclusively those who have not enough money we may miss part of the picture or we may pursue inefficient and/or unjust policies. Let us think of handicapped persons that have a certain income; this sum may be enough for healthy people, but it is not the case for those who are not self-sufficient. Thus, we may have people poor and people not poor with the same amount of resources.
Poverty, then, must be considered not as a lack of resources but as the difficulty of enjoying relevant opportunities (e.g. reading, writing, having a high life expectancy, having shelter, access to health services, etc.) that are, or must be, provided by society or government to everyone. A state of deprivation is a failed exercise of individual rights, rights that are necessary as an index of the development of a certain community.
In this paper, I will raise some doubts to this account of poverty and especially to Amartya Sen’s theory that has developed in full this link between rights and deprivation. In order to achieve that, I will introduce the problem of the analysis of the term “poverty” by shedding light on certain drawbacks of mainstream economics. This helps to understand the reasons of Sen’s alternative approach to the analysis of poverty. I will argue, however, that his approach, although useful, raises doubts about its implementation that the author does not clarify
Thin adolescents: Who are they? What do they do? Socio-demographic and use-of-time characteristics
No full textExercise or physical activity-related adverse events in people receiving peritoneal dialysis: A systematic review
No full textPeople receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) may benefit from participation in exercise or physical activity. However, exercise therapy for people receiving PD is not typically included in routine care, in part, due to ongoing uncertainties about risk. The aim of this review was to systematically collate and explore data on adverse events experienced by people receiving PD while undertaking an exercise or physical activity intervention. Searches yielded 25 exercise or physical activity intervention studies involving people receiving PD. Of these 25 studies, 17 studies provided adverse event data and were included in the final review. No serious adverse events (e.g. death, hospitalisation) were found attributable to the intervention. From 50 reported adverse events during the intervention period, 32 were attributable to the exercise or physical activity intervention with most being musculoskeletal (e.g. muscle/joint pain, etc.) followed by fatigue. Most events were mild to moderate in severity and resolved by exercise programme modification, education, rest or medication. The results from this review did not uncover signals of harm for people receiving PD who engage in exercise with risk of adverse events appearing to be low, however, improved adverse events reporting and further interventional studies are required before robust guidelines can be produced.Full Tex
Characteristics and Frequency of Physical Activity and Exercise-Related Side-Effects in People Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis
No full textObjective
People receiving peritoneal dialysis may receive health benefits from physical activity or exercise. However, on-going uncertainty and fear regarding safety may result in this population missing out on the health benefits of participation. The aim of this study was to explore the characteristics and frequency of physical activity and/or exercise-related side-effects (e.g., symptoms such as pain or shortness of breath) and negative health events (e.g., stroke or hyper/hypoglycemia) experienced by people receiving peritoneal dialysis.
Method
An international online survey involving adults receiving peritoneal dialysis was conducted with questions related to nature, occurrence, and impact of side-effects and/or negative health events experienced during or soon after participation in physical activity or exercise.
Results
Fifty-two people completed the survey reporting 151 side-effects that were related to physical activity and exercise and 67 that were possibly related. Fatigue (58% of respondents), muscle/joint soreness or pain (54%) and dizziness (43%) were the most frequently reported side-effect types. The majority occurred occasionally (58% of all side-effects), if not rarely (24%) and participation in on-going physical activity or exercise was typically prevented only occasionally (39%) or not at all (31%). Side-effects were mainly self-managed (54% of all side-effects) or did not require treatment (19%) and had low (38%) or no effect (30%) on ability to do daily activities.
Conclusions
People receiving peritoneal dialysis generally experience side-effects that can be considered a normal response to physical activity or exercise engagement. Furthermore, the risk of serious or peritoneal dialysis-specific side-effects as a result of physical activity or exercise appears to be low. The results add to the emerging evidence suggesting physical activity and exercise appear to be safe for people receiving peritoneal dialysis.Full Tex
Thin adolescents: Who are they? What do they do? Socio-demographic and use-of-time characteristics
No full textObjectivesExamine: (1) the anthropometric, socio-demographic and use-of-time characteristics of thin adolescents, and (2) compare these characteristics to other weight status categories.MethodsData were from the 2007 National Children's Nutrition and Physical Activity Survey which collected data on a random sample of 2200 9 to 16 year old Australians from February to August 2007. Seven socio-demographic variables, anthropometric data (height and weight were measured) and nine use-of-time variables were used, and compared across the weight status categories. Physical activity was measured using pedometers and the Multimedia Activity Recall for Children and Adults.Results5.3% of adolescents were classified as thin, a percentage which did not significantly vary by age, sex, indigenous status, household income, education level or family structure. Relative to other adolescents, thin adolescents were shorter and lighter. Thin adolescents were less active than their normal weight peers, but walked further and accumulated significantly less screen and TV time than obese adolescents.ConclusionThin adolescents were found in similar proportions across all socio-demographic bands. Thin adolescents recorded similar physical activity levels to their normal weight peers, but were more active than obese adolescents. The findings from the study support in part the theory of thinness related developmental delay
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