239 research outputs found
U.S. artists imagining Mexico, Central America and Cuba, 1875-1910
No full textThis dissertation investigates representations of Mexico, Central America and Cuba produced by U.S. artists from 1875 to 1910. As the United States strengthened its political and economic ties with its closest southern neighbors, a desire for visual knowledge of the people and places just south of the border grew. Paintings, photographs, films and illustrations by artists such as Eadweard Muybridge, Winslow Homer and William Henry Jackson introduced an unfamiliar U.S. public to the ―Other‖ America. While some of these artists constructed a vision of Mexico, Central America and Cuba as picturesque places mired in the past and ripe for U.S. expansionist efforts, others portrayed these lands as sites of mounting tension that suggest anxiety surrounding the increasingly intimate relationship between the North and South. A careful analysis of these images, the contemporary responses to them and the socio-historical context in which they were created reveals another veiled subject—the United States and its struggle to define its own identity at a watershed moment in its history. A study of the visual manifestation of the United States' relationship with Mexico, Central America and Cuba is at the forefront of recent scholarship that seeks to extend the scope of American art beyond geographic borders, embracing a more global, non-Euro-centrist perspective.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Diana Bramha
Pregnancy in Renal Transplant Recipients and Donors
No full textWomen with renal transplants have restoration of fertility with improved kidney function; however, pregnancy rates in renal transplant recipients appear to be lower than the general population, which might be influenced by patient choice. Women with renal transplants need to evaluate potential neonatal outcomes, graft outcomes, and risks to their own health to make informed decisions about conception. Pregnancy should be carefully planned in renal transplant recipients to reduce risk for graft loss, optimize pregnancy outcomes, and ensure immunosuppression regimes are nonteratogenic. Neonatal outcomes remain significantly worse for women with renal transplants than healthy controls, particularly for those with reduced graft function, hence prepregnancy, antenatal, and postpartum care of women with renal transplants should be guided by a multidisciplinary team of nephrologists and specialist obstetricians
Diabetic Nephropathy and Pregnancy
No full textWomen with diabetic nephropathy have challenging pregnancies, with pregnancy outcomes far worse than expected for the stage of chronic kidney disease. The underlying mechanisms that cause the adverse events remain poorly understood, but it is a widely held belief that substantial endothelial injury in these women likely contributes. Maternal hypertension, preeclampsia, and cesarean section rates are high, and offspring are often preterm and of low birth weight, with additional neonatal complications associated with glycemic control. This review will present the current evidence for maternal and fetal outcomes of women with diabetic nephropathy and describe prepregnancy, antenatal, and peripartum optimization strategies
Pre-pregnancy counseling for women with chronic kidney disease
No full textPre-pregnancy counseling should be available for all women with chronic kidney disease (CKD) so that conception occurs at the right time in the course of their disease and while they are on the right medications, with the aims of minimizing risks for both mother and fetus. Key areas to consider are the factors which are associated with worse prognosis and the influence of underlying kidney conditions and their treatment, in particular lupus nephritis, advanced renal impairment and transplantation. This experience-based review provides a guide to clinicians managing women with CKD, before and during their pregnancy.</p
APOL1 genotypes: Do they contribute to ethnicity-associated biological health inequalities in pregnancy?
No full textInferior health outcomes for people of African and Afro-Caribbean ancestry compared to those of European ancestry are well recognised. There is a disproportionate impact within these communities compared to other ethnic groups including pregnancy outcomes, hypertension, kidney disease and diabetes. The ‘Black Lives Matter’ movement has highlighted that it is imperative to examine all factors contributing to this inequity and to strive to explore multifaceted ways, including social, economic, psychological and biological to improve overall health equity. It is within this context that we discuss the novel finding of Apolipoprotein 1 genetic polymorphisms which have been identified in some populations of African ancestry. We will explore the history and evolutionary advantages of Apolipoprotein 1 polymorphisms and the pathophysiology resulting from these adaptations and examine the impact of Apolipoprotein 1 on pregnancy outcomes, the risks and benefits of screening for high-risk Apolipoprotein 1 alleles in black communities and potential treatments currently being investigated
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