92 research outputs found
An Exploratory Study on the Experience of Gender Inequality in the University in Saudi Arabia
Get PDFSaudi Arabia, a country with strong religious and cultural norms, is seen as lagging in terms of addressing gender equality issues. Many women still do not enter the workplace due to the patriarchal expectation that they should stay in the home. Women’s employment situations and opportunities within Saudi Arabia have been investigated by several researchers.This research is deeply rooted in the necessity to comprehend the nature and impact of gender inequality on women's employment in Saudi Arabia. It aims to identify the barriers women face in achieving success and to explore how they experience limitations shaped by prevailing perceptions of gender differences. Within this context, this research aims to explore how female academics at Red Sea University in Saudi Arabia experience the effects of gender inequality, especially regarding career leadership in workplaces, and to explore how women’s agency interpenetrate with diverse forms of structures.This research incorporates the philosophy and strategy of critical feminist theory. A qualitative research methodology was employed, which involved collecting data through semi-structured interviews. The data analysis used a narrative approach that aligned with the feminist perspective to identify key issues of inequality and determine how female academics face challenges and deploy female agency as a coping mechanism.The present study contributes to the existing literature by revealing the experiences of Saudi Arabian females in the academic workplace and presenting how gender inequality has affected their leadership careers. My findings reveal that Sudi women navigate a layered and multifaceted structure of constraints and opportunities. The two-identity strategy that emerges from my data corresponds to the simultaneous existence of projective, practical–evaluative and iterative forms of agency (Emirbayer & Mische’s,1998) These findings will be useful for those who are interested in feminist issues, managers and policymakers who contribute to equality policies and fair practises in academic institutions and younger women planning to pursue careers will also add to the newly growing body of work that seeks to determine the nature and value of feminist agency in modern society by making a point-in-time record of this agent for change, including how it is affecting the way women seek to negotiate obstacles to success that are caused by gender inequality
Examining Employee Empowerment within a Jordanian Bank
No full textThis research aims to examine how employee empowerment is enacted and experienced within a Jordanian bank. The study adopts an interactional perspective, viewing empowerment as a phenomenon shaped by everyday social interactions within the broader sociocultural, economic, and political contexts. The research employs a qualitative methodology based on an interpretive phenomenological approach to examine the lived experiences of empowerment. A total of 34 semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers and employees at a bank in Jordan. Among these, 20 employees were direct subordinates of 11 participating managers, facilitating a relational understanding of how empowerment is enacted by managers and experienced by subordinates. The findings show that empowerment within the bank takes the form of making recommendations rather than having decision-making authority, aiming to avoid risk. Employees and managers often prepare tasks or propose actions, but final decisions are reserved for higher levels of the bank. The study also revealed that managers differ in their approach to empowerment: some adopt a participatory style by fostering employee involvement and input, while others take a more directive stance. Consequently, employees experience empowerment differently based on their understanding of empowerment and how their manager interacts with them. These experiences are further shaped by broader cultural factors, where elements such as origin, whether the employee comes from an urban or rural background, gender, religion, socioeconomic status, wasta, and internal politics influence the shaping of empowerment. This study extends structural and psychological empowerment theories by demonstrating that empowerment is shaped through daily relationships, practices, and social context, rather than being defined by formal authority or internal employee cognition. Methodologically, it offers a relational, dual-perspective approach by incorporating both managers and subordinates. Future research could investigate comparative cases, additional sectors, and longitudinal dynamics
An Exploratory Study on the Experience of Gender Inequality in the University in Saudi Arabia
No full textSaudi Arabia, a country with strong religious and cultural norms, is seen as lagging in terms of addressing gender equality issues. Many women still do not enter the workplace due to the patriarchal expectation that they should stay in the home. Women’s employment situations and opportunities within Saudi Arabia have been investigated by several researchers.This research is deeply rooted in the necessity to comprehend the nature and impact of gender inequality on women's employment in Saudi Arabia. It aims to identify the barriers women face in achieving success and to explore how they experience limitations shaped by prevailing perceptions of gender differences. Within this context, this research aims to explore how female academics at Red Sea University in Saudi Arabia experience the effects of gender inequality, especially regarding career leadership in workplaces, and to explore how women’s agency interpenetrate with diverse forms of structures.This research incorporates the philosophy and strategy of critical feminist theory. A qualitative research methodology was employed, which involved collecting data through semi-structured interviews. The data analysis used a narrative approach that aligned with the feminist perspective to identify key issues of inequality and determine how female academics face challenges and deploy female agency as a coping mechanism.The present study contributes to the existing literature by revealing the experiences of Saudi Arabian females in the academic workplace and presenting how gender inequality has affected their leadership careers. My findings reveal that Sudi women navigate a layered and multifaceted structure of constraints and opportunities. The two-identity strategy that emerges from my data corresponds to the simultaneous existence of projective, practical–evaluative and iterative forms of agency (Emirbayer & Mische’s,1998) These findings will be useful for those who are interested in feminist issues, managers and policymakers who contribute to equality policies and fair practises in academic institutions and younger women planning to pursue careers will also add to the newly growing body of work that seeks to determine the nature and value of feminist agency in modern society by making a point-in-time record of this agent for change, including how it is affecting the way women seek to negotiate obstacles to success that are caused by gender inequality
Examining Employee Empowerment within a Jordanian Bank
No full textThis research aims to examine how employee empowerment is enacted and experienced within a Jordanian bank. The study adopts an interactional perspective, viewing empowerment as a phenomenon shaped by everyday social interactions within the broader sociocultural, economic, and political contexts. The research employs a qualitative methodology based on an interpretive phenomenological approach to examine the lived experiences of empowerment. A total of 34 semi-structured interviews were conducted with managers and employees at a bank in Jordan. Among these, 20 employees were direct subordinates of 11 participating managers, facilitating a relational understanding of how empowerment is enacted by managers and experienced by subordinates. The findings show that empowerment within the bank takes the form of making recommendations rather than having decision-making authority, aiming to avoid risk. Employees and managers often prepare tasks or propose actions, but final decisions are reserved for higher levels of the bank. The study also revealed that managers differ in their approach to empowerment: some adopt a participatory style by fostering employee involvement and input, while others take a more directive stance. Consequently, employees experience empowerment differently based on their understanding of empowerment and how their manager interacts with them. These experiences are further shaped by broader cultural factors, where elements such as origin, whether the employee comes from an urban or rural background, gender, religion, socioeconomic status, wasta, and internal politics influence the shaping of empowerment. This study extends structural and psychological empowerment theories by demonstrating that empowerment is shaped through daily relationships, practices, and social context, rather than being defined by formal authority or internal employee cognition. Methodologically, it offers a relational, dual-perspective approach by incorporating both managers and subordinates. Future research could investigate comparative cases, additional sectors, and longitudinal dynamics
Talent Management in Chinese University Context: A Comparative Case Study Approach
Get PDFThis research aims to analyse the implementation of Talent Management (TM) in Chinese universities, spanning from policy to practice. The study explores the definitions and execution of TM in both literature and Chinese academic settings, considering various perspectives from organizations and individuals. It delves into the unique interpretations of 'talent' and 'TM' within the Chinese context. Additionally, the research discusses the interconnections between strategy, organizational culture, and other management aspects, along with the challenges and outcomes of implementing TM in Chinese universities. Practical guidance and theoretical suggestions are provided for universities embarking on TM systems and strategic development plans.Using a qualitative case study design, 44 in depth semi structured interviews were conducted at two Chinese universities. While no definitive definition of TM has emerged, it generally involves an academic screening process with scientific research output at its core, serving functions of talent identification, attraction, retention, and development. The findings reveal that Chinese universities have started practicing TM, yielding benefits in performance improvement, strategy realization, and sustainable development. Context (national double first class construction), strategy (both national and university level), and corporate culture are significant in these efforts. Despite presenting challenges, TM also offers valuable development opportunities for Chinese universities.This research contributes by addressing gaps in TM research, particularly within Chinese university contexts. It establishes a common language for TM research in a Chinese context, offering fresh interpretations of TM issues in Chinese universities. Moreover, it aids the Chinese academic community in understanding TM, contributing to global TM, and connecting with international research at policy, practice, and research levels. The study demonstrates TM implementation, highlighting similarities and differences in strategies across universities and providing evidence of TM's value. It aids future researchers and practitioners in comprehending best practices' dynamism and complexity, promoting further TM development. Lastly, it addresses the underdevelopment of TM in the public sector and complements the individual perspective of talent in TM research
Talent Management in Chinese University Context: A Comparative Case Study Approach
No full textThis research aims to analyse the implementation of Talent Management (TM) in Chinese universities, spanning from policy to practice. The study explores the definitions and execution of TM in both literature and Chinese academic settings, considering various perspectives from organizations and individuals. It delves into the unique interpretations of 'talent' and 'TM' within the Chinese context. Additionally, the research discusses the interconnections between strategy, organizational culture, and other management aspects, along with the challenges and outcomes of implementing TM in Chinese universities. Practical guidance and theoretical suggestions are provided for universities embarking on TM systems and strategic development plans.Using a qualitative case study design, 44 in depth semi structured interviews were conducted at two Chinese universities. While no definitive definition of TM has emerged, it generally involves an academic screening process with scientific research output at its core, serving functions of talent identification, attraction, retention, and development. The findings reveal that Chinese universities have started practicing TM, yielding benefits in performance improvement, strategy realization, and sustainable development. Context (national double first class construction), strategy (both national and university level), and corporate culture are significant in these efforts. Despite presenting challenges, TM also offers valuable development opportunities for Chinese universities.This research contributes by addressing gaps in TM research, particularly within Chinese university contexts. It establishes a common language for TM research in a Chinese context, offering fresh interpretations of TM issues in Chinese universities. Moreover, it aids the Chinese academic community in understanding TM, contributing to global TM, and connecting with international research at policy, practice, and research levels. The study demonstrates TM implementation, highlighting similarities and differences in strategies across universities and providing evidence of TM's value. It aids future researchers and practitioners in comprehending best practices' dynamism and complexity, promoting further TM development. Lastly, it addresses the underdevelopment of TM in the public sector and complements the individual perspective of talent in TM research
Organisational change from the perspectives of translation : a case study of transformation in the Libyan banking system
No full textThis study examines an organisational change process in its real-time. Two theoretical approaches have inspired a search for explanations to the process of change occurring as part of large transforming the Libyan banking sector to become compliant with the Islamic Banking and Finance (IBF) model. The first is change as fluxing reality (Tsoukas & Chia, 2002). The second theoretical approach reflects insights mainly from new translation embodied in process philosophy and neo-institutionalist perspectives as articulated by Czarniawska and Joerges (1996). The two theoretical views are seen as complementary to empirical investigations that seek to capture the dynamic unfolding nature of organisational change. The study draws upon a cross sectional case-study approach in the banking sector in Libya and qualitative abductive reasoning.The methodology of this study incorporates qualitative thematic analysis situated within the theoretical framework underpinning this study. This study is an exploratory in nature, consequently, the unit of analysis revolves around the idea of IBF and its associated processes which designed to transform the idea into organisational practice. This includes, the change process subsequent process associated with this change and the unintended consequences of such complicated large scale program. The study combines different research method and data sources, including interviews, IBF literature and literature on the Libyan banking system.The outcome of the research can be considered as a contribution to the knowledge of change and translation as well as the field of IBF. The current study, through adopting a processual analytical mind-set has described for the first time the organisational change process in the context of Islamic banking. Thereby, opening up a field which is in need of further and extensive research. The key findings of this study were in fluctuation with the translation model. This fluctuation due partly to the different nature of the change process in the Libyan banking context. In this regard, it can be argued that the translation model depicts change as utterly an open-ended process. However, this research has revealed that change process is constructed and translated within various historical social and institutional limitations
Organisational change from the perspectives of translation : a case study of transformation in the Libyan banking system
Get PDFThis study examines an organisational change process in its real-time. Two theoretical approaches have inspired a search for explanations to the process of change occurring as part of large transforming the Libyan banking sector to become compliant with the Islamic Banking and Finance (IBF) model. The first is change as fluxing reality (Tsoukas & Chia, 2002). The second theoretical approach reflects insights mainly from new translation embodied in process philosophy and neo-institutionalist perspectives as articulated by Czarniawska and Joerges (1996). The two theoretical views are seen as complementary to empirical investigations that seek to capture the dynamic unfolding nature of organisational change. The study draws upon a cross sectional case-study approach in the banking sector in Libya and qualitative abductive reasoning.The methodology of this study incorporates qualitative thematic analysis situated within the theoretical framework underpinning this study. This study is an exploratory in nature, consequently, the unit of analysis revolves around the idea of IBF and its associated processes which designed to transform the idea into organisational practice. This includes, the change process subsequent process associated with this change and the unintended consequences of such complicated large scale program. The study combines different research method and data sources, including interviews, IBF literature and literature on the Libyan banking system.The outcome of the research can be considered as a contribution to the knowledge of change and translation as well as the field of IBF. The current study, through adopting a processual analytical mind-set has described for the first time the organisational change process in the context of Islamic banking. Thereby, opening up a field which is in need of further and extensive research. The key findings of this study were in fluctuation with the translation model. This fluctuation due partly to the different nature of the change process in the Libyan banking context. In this regard, it can be argued that the translation model depicts change as utterly an open-ended process. However, this research has revealed that change process is constructed and translated within various historical social and institutional limitations
Data privacy in knowledge discovery
No full textThis thesis addresses data privacy in various stages of extracting knowledge embedded in databases. Advances in computer networking and database technologies have enabled the collection and storage of vast quantities of data. Legal and ethical considerations might require measures to protect an individual's privacy in any use or release of the data. In this thesis, we address the problem of preserving privacy in the two following cases: (1) in distributed knowledge discovery; (2) in situations where the output of a data mining algorithm could itself breach privacy. We present results in two different models, namely secure multiparty computation (SMC) and differential privacy. The first part of the thesis presents privacy preserving protocols in the SMC model. Secure multiparty computation involves the collaborative computation of functions based on inputs from multiple parties. The privacy goal is to ensure that all parties receive only the final output without any party learning anything beyond what can be inferred from the output. Within this framework we address the problem of preserving privacy in the preprocessing and the data mining stages of knowledge discovery in databases. For the preprocessing stage, we present private protocols for the imputation of missing data in a dataset that is shared between two parties. For the data mining stage, we introduce the notion of arbitrarily partitioned data that generalizes both horizontally and vertically partitioned data. We present a privacy-preserving protocol for k-means clustering of arbitrarily partitioned data. We also develop a new simple k-clustering algorithm that was designed to be converted into a communication-efficient protocol for private clustering. The second part of the thesis deals with privacy in situations where the output of a data mining algorithm could itself breach privacy. In this setting, we present private inference control protocols in the SMC model for On-line Analytical Processing systems. In the differential privacymodel, the goal is to provide access to a statistical database while preserving the privacy of every individual in the database, irrespective of any auxiliary information that may be available to the database client. Under this privacy model, we present a practical privacy preserving decision tree classifier using random decision trees.Ph.D.Includes abstractVitaIncludes bibliographical referencesby Geetha Jagannatha
A dangerous but powerful idea - counter acceleration and speed with slowness and wholeness
No full textThe dangerous idea is that school reform, in India in particular, but across the world too, is impossible. Changing education, at the systemic level or at the institutional or school level, or educating teachers and school leaders in change can be classified as largely first order change - that of school improvement, which involves doing more of the same but doing it better (where the focus is on efficiency) and that of school re-structuring, which involves re-organising components and responsibilities (where the focus is on effectiveness). Geetha Narayanan is Principal Investigator with Project Vision at the Centre for Education Research Training and Development (CERTAD) within the Srishti School of Art Design and Technology in Bangalore, India. She has dedicated her career to finding and establishing new models of education that are creative, synergistic and original in their approach to learning. Read the article and listen to audio of the author discussing her ideas
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