58 research outputs found
Politiker i en klass för sig - Om klass och kapital mediabevakningen av Sveriges ledande politiker
No full textFörfattare: Mattis Karlsson Titel: Politiker i en klass för sig – Om klass och kapital i mediabevakningen av Sveriges ledande politiker. Masteruppsats: SOCM02 Sociologiska institutionen, vårterminen 2013 Problem/bakgrund: Rapporteringen som rör svenska politiker handlar om långt mycket mer än bara politik. Politiker är offentliga personer som berörs av en mediabevakning som behandlar bland annat deras bakgrund, utbildning, intressen, smak. Det är ämnen som är relaterade till klass och förståelser om klass. Syfte: Uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka och förstå hur offentliga politikers uttryck för klass rapporteras om i svensk press. Sammanfattning: Uppsatsen lutar sig främst emot kritisk diskursanalys som föreslagen av Norman Fairclough samt en samling begrepp hämtade från Pierre Bourdieus teorier. Inledningsvis fokuserar uppsatsen därför på att presentera valda delar av dessa teorier och andra anslutande begrepp. För att sedan sätta den valda empirin (bestående av tidningsartiklar) i relation till det teoretiska ramverket. Slutsatser/Resultat: Uppsatsen resulterar i en beskrivning av hur rapporteringen är konstruerad och hur den kan förstås i relation till utvald sociologisk teori. Bland annat konstateras att: intrycken från andra diskurser än konkret politiska sådana är påtagliga, att det finns både generella och partispecifika förväntningar att leva upp till på det politiska fältet, samt att rapporteringen fyller disciplinerande funktioner
Source Code Accompanying the Paper "More on network approaches in Historical Chinese Phonology (音韻學)"
No full text<p>First version of the source code and data accompanying the paper "More on Network Approaches in Historical Chinese Phonology".</p>
<p>This paper is available here:</p>
<ul>
<li>List, Johann-Mattis (2018): <strong>More on network approaches in Historical Chinese Phonology (音韻學)</strong>. Paper prepared for the <em>LFK Society Young Scholars Symposium</em>. Taibei: Li Fang-Kuei Society ofr Chinese Linguistics. URL: <a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706927">https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706927</a>.</li>
</ul>
<pre><code>@InProceedings{List2018a,
author = {List, Johann-Mattis},
title = {{More on Network Approaches in Historical Chinese Phonology (音韻學)}},
booktitle = {{LFK Society Young Scholars Symposium}},
year = {2018},
publisher = {Li Fang-Kuei Society for Chinese Linguistics},
pdf = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706927/file/main.pdf},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706927},
address = {Taipei},
hal_id = {hal-01706927},
}
</code></pre>
<p>See the README.md for mor information.</p>
<ul>
<li> </li>
</ul>
digling/network-in-hcp-paper: More on Network Approaches in Historical Chinese Phonology. Version 0.1 (beta).
No full text<p>First version of the source code and data accompanying the paper "More on Network Approaches in Historical Chinese Phonology".</p>
<p>This paper is available here:</p>
<ul>
<li>List, Johann-Mattis (2018): <strong>More on network approaches in Historical Chinese Phonology (音韻學)</strong>. Paper prepared for the <em>LFK Society Young Scholars Symposium</em>. Taibei: Li Fang-Kuei Society ofr Chinese Linguistics. URL: <a href="https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706927">https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706927</a>.</li>
</ul>
<pre><code class="lang-bibtex">@InProceedings{List2018a,
author = {List, Johann-Mattis},
title = {{More on Network Approaches in Historical Chinese Phonology (音韻學)}},
booktitle = {{LFK Society Young Scholars Symposium}},
year = {2018},
publisher = {Li Fang-Kuei Society for Chinese Linguistics},
pdf = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706927/file/main.pdf},
url = {https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01706927},
address = {Taipei},
hal_id = {hal-01706927},
}
</code></pre>
<p>See the README.md for mor information.</p>
From Fossil To Fact : The Denisova Discovery as Science in Action
No full textFrom Fossil to Fact: The Denisova Discovery as Science in Action is a study of the (actor) networked relations that make and shape science through the case of the discovery of the Denisova human. In 2010, Nature published the article “The complete mitochondrial DNA genome of an unknown hominin from southern Siberia”, the article revealed the results of mtDNA sequencing of a fossilised finger bone excavated from the Denisova Cave in Siberia, showing that the fossil belonged to an individual of a previously unknown type of humans, the Denisovans. This thesis identifies, describes and analyses how a set of actors and actions – a network – made the Denisovan’s transformation(s) from fossil to fact happen. The study relies on materials regarding the Denisovan from multiple types of sources, such as scientific journals, news articles and Wikipedia entries, which make it possible to describe a collective process of knowledge production that surpasses a science community autonomy, and to highlight the diverse, multidimensional and sophisticated mesh of people, places and things that came together in the making of the Denisova human (as a) fact. Drawing on methodological guidelines and theoretical premises from actor network theory and Bruno Latour’s principles for science in action, this thesis deals with the Denisova discovery as a case of science in the making. The thesis traces actions of significance for the Denisovan’s representation, analysing them as part of a materialisation, to illustrate how the Denisova human was made, and made to fit the major paradigms and narratives of (a)DNA and evolutionary science. The thesis actualises questions about social influence in science, problematising imaginaries of science/non-science divides, and highlights how the authority of genetic science is subject to and dependent on dramatisation. This thesis lists actors and actions that were central to the discovery and the making of the fact. This list includes actors from various fields, showing how the Denisova human was designed to hold in accordance with the rules and cultures of a heterogenous network that includes scientists, experts, journalists and Wikipedia editors. This complicated network made the Denisova human through transformations and drove it to become a fact, allowing it to be written into the history of human evolution. Mapping this network provides an answer to how the Denisova human has been made and remade, but also provides insight into the relationship and roles of science, science news and Wikipedia in the representations of scientific results
On Being Here
No full textThis paper is a response to the social anthropologist’s frustration of not being there. It is, to make further use of your own words, an attempt to deal with my own chronic disciplinary identity crisis. It is a response written in recognition of your situation and in recognition of the symptoms that you so eloquently describe.</jats:p
Engineering of bacterial exotoxin and endotoxin antagonists
No full textLimited Restriction Lifted for Item 89522 on 2017-09-30T09:15:35Z.Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 89522
Lift date: 2017-09-29T21:08:35Z
Reason: Author requested closed access (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemGram negative and positive bacteria have evolved toxins to aid in their ability to colonize host organisms. Some gram-positive bacteria produce exotoxins called superantigens that hyper-stimulate the immune system by crosslinking the variable region of the beta chain (Vβ) of T cell receptors with the antigen presenting major histocompatibility complex II molecule on the surface of antigen presenting cells. This hyper-stimulation leads to overproduction of cytokines, which can result in toxic shock. In addition, the action of the superantigens has been implicated in many diseases including necrotizing pneumonia and endocarditis. Gram-negative bacteria produce lipopolysaccharide (LPS), also called endotoxin, as a major constituent in their outer cell walls. LPS binds to the host protein called MD-2 and the LPS:MD-2 complex associates with cell surface homodimeric Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). This tri-molecular interaction can lead to massive stimulation of cytokines from TLR4+ antigen presenting cells, resulting in endotoxic-mediated septic shock. This process has also been suggested to play a role in asthma. A lack of therapeutics for both exotoxin and endotoxin induced shock and implicated diseases, as well as an interest in further understanding these molecular interactions, guided my studies and development of high affinity agents to neutralize these toxins.
In chapter two, directed evolution was used to engineer a high affinity antagonist against the superantigen Staphylococcal enterotoxin C3 (SEC3). I used a previously error-prone engineered Vβ against SEC3 as a starting template for further engineering. Yeast display was used to create two libraries in two different regions of the previously engineered Vβ to improve its affinity for SEC3. The mutations from the highest affinity mutant selected from each library were combined to create a single mutant that had improved binding to SEC3 over either mutant. The highest affinity Vβ antagonist was tested and found to be effective in various rabbit models with SEC3 by the Schlievert laboratory.
Chapter three describes the cross reactivity of the high affinity SEC3 antagonist described in chapter two, with allelic variants of SEC3 (SEC1, SEC2, and SEC4), as well as the highly homologous superantigen, Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB). Residues potentially responsible for the cross reactivity with SEB were mutated and tested for binding to SEB and SEC3. The SEC4 secreting bacteria strain MW2 was used in necrotizing pneumonia and infective endocarditis rabbit models by the Schlievert laboratory that confirmed the in vivo ability of the antagonist to effectively neutralize more than one strain of SEC.
In chapter four, MD-2 was expressed on the surface of yeast and shown to bind MD-2 specific monoclonal antibodies and to its ligands, LPS and TLR4. To test the platform, alanine mutants were engineered at residues identified from previous studies that tested for binding to LPS as well as TLR4. The alanine mutants behaved as anticipated based on the previously published literature. Based on the alanine mutant results, six yeast display libraries were engineered in MD-2 in these regions, and a seventh library was made using error-prone PCR. Ligand studies of the MD-2 mutants allowed identification and insight into the role of critical residues in MD-2 stability and ligand binding.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2017-08-01The student, Daiva Mattis, accepted the attached license on 2015-05-12 at 09:42.The student, Daiva Mattis, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2015-05-12 at 09:59.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2015-05-14 at 09:48.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #8243 on 2015-09-29 at 15:05:00Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-29T21:02:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Session on Aristides de Sousa Mendes: • Sousa Mendes’s List: From Names to Families • Narrating the Legacy of Aristides de Sousa Mendes, Portuguese Consul of Bordeaux in June 1940: Intersections of Personal, Familial, National, and International Memory Projects • Aristides de Sousa Mendes: the green suitcase reveals its secrets • Lists in The Consul by Salim Bachi
No full text“Sousa Mendes’s List: From Names to Families” by Olivia Mattis, Sousa Mendes Foundation
“Narrating the Legacy of Aristides de Sousa Mendes, Portuguese Consul of Bordeaux in June 1940: Intersections of Personal, Familial, National, and International Memory Projects” by Michele Koven, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Aristides de Sousa Mendes: the green suitcase reveals its secrets” by Andrée Lotey, Université de Montréal
“Lists in The Consul by Salim Bachi” by Martine Wagner, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg
1. Dr. Olivia Mattis is the President and co-founder of the Sousa Mendes Foundation. She is an award-winning musicologist and author with a Ph.D. from Stanford University and a B.A. from Yale University. Twelve members of her paternal family were rescued by the “angel of Bordeaux” Aristides de Sousa Mendes as they escaped from Belgium in 1940. Meanwhile, her maternal grandparents founded and led the Jewish Resistance in Brussels, while her mother was a hidden child. Mattis lectures widely, and delivered Keynote addresses at the 2011 Yom Hashoah commemoration of the City of Philadelphia and the 2014 Yom Hashoah commemoration of the City of Rochester. She has organized high-profile international conferences and music festivals that have received media coverage from Good Morning America and The New York Times. She hosts programs on Sunday afternoons on behalf of the Sousa Mendes Foundation devoted to inspiring true stories of rescue, resistance and hope. Her talk today is entitled: “Sousa Mendes’s List: From Names to Families.
2. Dr. Michele Koven is Professor in the Department of Communication at the University of Illinois in Urbana Champaign, with courtesy appointments in Anthropology, French Global, Writing, and Jewish studies. Her work has focused on questions of language and identity in the context of Portuguese migration to France . Today she will talk about a new project she has begun on the meanings of the Sousa Mendes Legacy. Michele’s father and grandparents received visas from Sousa Mendes in June 1940.
3. Dr. Andrée Lotey served as a Board member of the Sousa Mendes Foundation and is now part of the Advisory Board. She was led to Aristides de Sousa Mendes by the discovery of a mysterious green suitcase that had belonged to her late father. She is currently writing a screenplay about it. Andrée has a Ph.D in French literature entitled La musique dans l’oeuvre de Jean Giono, and a Masters in creative writing (U of M). As a professor for l’Université Canadienne en France (Villefranche-sur-mer), she organized many art and literary and art tours in Côte d’Azur and Provence. She teaches French literature and French language at Université de Montréal. She also worked as a journalist for Radio-Canada and has published many scientific articles. She also wrote a screenplay that revolves around Marc Chagall which is in production.
4. Dr. Martine Wagner obtained her PhD from UC Berkeley and Paris-IV Sorbonne. She is associate professor of French at the University of South Florida, Saint Petersburg. Her research focuses on contemporary French and Francophone literature, including women writers, Portuguese immigrant literature, and novels about foreign resisters in France. She became interested in Aristides de Sousa Mendes during her research but also as the daughter of Portuguese immigrants in France who escaped from hunger and misery under Salazar’s dictatorship. Today, she will talk about lists in Salim Bachi\u27s biographical novel The Consul
Structure and function studies of polar mutants of the QA pocket in the bacterial photosynthetic reaction center of Rhodobacter sphaeroides
No full textThe bacterial photosynthetic reaction center (RC) is the protein that converts light to chemical energy. The light is initially absorbed by a pair of bacteriochlorophylls that then transfer an electron through a series of cofactors until it reaches the final two electron acceptors, the primary quinone (QA) that then reduce the secondary quinone (QB). In Rb. sphaeroides these quinones are chemically identical ubiquinones and the protein must tune the midpoint potential (Em) of each quinone to make electron transfer from QA to QB favorable. Using site directed mutagenesis together with the techniques of X-ray crystallography, flash kinetic spectroscopy, and quinone substitution, I was able to probe how structural changes contribute to Em changes and work to better understand the physical chemistry involved.
The mutation of the wild type (WT) Ile at the 265th amino acid of the M subunit (M265), which lies within van der Waals contact to the primary quinone (QA), to the polar hydroxyl (O-H) mutants of Ser (M265IS) and Thr (M265IT), previously showed a drop in the in situ Em of QA by 85 and 100 mV, respectively (Takahashi et al 2001). In repeating Takahashi et al’s kinetic work, it was discovered that there are two separate components for the QA- back reaction not previously recognized. The structures of the two mutants were solved using X-ray crystallography and the orientation of the M265 side chain O-H, relative to the quinone, for the two mutants are in different orientations. The M265IS O-H is located in a position where four potential hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) are present, while the M265IT O-H is positioned where the O-H has only one potential H-bond. QA in M265IS has an additional H-bond, not present in WT, between the 2-methoxy of QA and the backbone nitrogen of M249 that maybe necessary to stabilize the quinone due to the increase in the size of the quinone binding pocket. For both hydroxyl mutants the H-bond to the C1 carbonyl of QA was significantly shorter than Xray-avg (the average of all atomic distances from currently deposited RC X-ray structures with resolution better than 2.80 Å) while only the H-bond to the C4 carbonyl of QA from M265IT was significantly shorter.
The Ile at M265 was also mutated to the polar amide mutants Asn (M265IN) and Gln (M265IQ). M265IN presented kinetics not very different to M265IT, indicating that the in situ Em of QA was similar. However, M265IQ showed a slower QA- back reaction, which is opposite from the other three polar mutants. Both mutants showed two component kinetics for the QA- back reaction that varied with pH. The QB- back reaction was also slower for M265IQ compared to WT, which is the same direction as the other mutants. These results indicate that the in situ Em of M265IQ is likely unchanged from WT. It was further found that QA of M265IQ was only occupied approximately 50% of the time. The structures of M265IN and M265IQ were solved using X-ray crystallography. M265IN showed that the side chain only took on one conformation, but the rotamer of the side chain amide could possibly take on two orientations. M265IQ showed two conformations for the side chain of M265 consistent with one conformation of QA bound (Conf. A) and the other with QA dissociated (Conf. B) or bound at a more distant site from the WT binding position. The amine and carbonyl of the side chain of Asn-M265 showed both H-bond and repulsion with either the C4 carbonyl of QA or the δ nitrogen of His-M219 depending on the rotamer of the amide. The side chain amine of Conf. A of M265IQ has an internal H-bond with the backbone carbonyl and the side chain carbonyl has a potential H-bond to the δ nitrogen of His-M219, which bifurcates the δ nitrogen H-bond between the side chain of M265 and the C4 carbonyl of the quinone. Both mutants showed longer H-bonds between the C4 quinone carbonyl and δ nitrogen of His-M219 when compared to Xray-avg, but only M265IQ mutant showed a shorter hydrogen bond between the C1 quinone carbonyl and the M260 backbone N. The M265IN C1 quinone carbonyl H-bond was not significantly different from Xray-avg.
The RC is a finely tuned system that tightly controls the midpoint potentials of QA and QB so that an electron can be favorably transferred from one ubiquinone to another. The addition of a polar group to the non-polar QA site decreases the midpoint potential by approximately 100 mV for M265IS, M265IT, and M265IN. However, M265IQ is such a structurally large amino acid addition to the RC that the quinone is displaced 50% of the time from its WT location and gives a much more complicated kinetic picture. Based on the crystal structures of M265IS and M265IT, the orientation of the hydroxyl controls the Em, but to a much smaller extent than simply the addition of the polar group to the local vicinity of the QA site. The addition of an amine group to QA has a similar Em change to the addition of a hydroxyl. I therefore conclude that local electrostatics are likely the largest factor in controlling the Em of QA. Electrostatic calculations are needed to calculate how adding a polar group at M265 changes the Em of QA.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'Closed Access', the embargo will last until 2018-05-01The student, Aidas Mattis, accepted the attached license on 2016-04-13 at 16:13.The student, Aidas Mattis, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-04-13 at 16:24.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-04-15 at 14:18.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #9210 on 2016-07-07 at 14:16:38Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-07T21:14:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 4
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Gate-tunable kinetic inductance in proximitized nanowires
No full textWe report the detection of a gate-tunable kinetic inductance in a hybrid
InAs/Al nanowire. For this purpose, we have embedded the nanowire into a
quarter-wave coplanar waveguide resonator and measured the resonance frequency
of the circuit. We find that the resonance frequency can be changed via the
gate voltage that controls the electron density of the proximitized
semiconductor and thus the nanowire inductance. Applying Mattis-Bardeen theory,
we extract the gate dependence of the normal state conductivity of the
nanowire, as well as its superconducting gap. Our measurements complement
existing characterization methods for hybrid nanowires and provide a new and
useful tool for gate-controlled superconducting electronics
Preface
No full textpre-printIt was the early 1960s. Elliott H. Lieb and the present author were colleagues at the IBM Research Laboratories in Yorktown Heights, occupying neighboring cubicles. We collaborated in the study, creation and solution of mathematical models of many-body phenomena. In the course of this work we ultimately came to the realization that solvable models - whether they dealt with interacting bosons, Heisenberg spins, "X-Y" spins, or whatever - typically shared an intrinsic property: all were restricted to one spatial dimension with no obvious generalizations to higher dimensions
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