5 research outputs found
Determination of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: aleyrodidae) biotypes and their seasonal population dynamics in cotton growing areas of Adana province.
No full textTEZ11431Tez (Yüksek Lisans) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2017.Kaynakça (s. 55-66) var.xii, 67 s. : res. (bzs. rnk.), tablo ; 29 cm.Bu çalışmada, Adana ili Ceyhan, İmamoğlu, Karataş, Seyhan, Tuzla, Yumurtalık ve Yüreğir pamuk ekim alanlarından toplanan Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) popülasyonlarının, Mikrosatellit Fragment Analizi ve PCR-RFLP moleküler tanı teknikleri kullanılarak biyotip yapısı ve sezon içi popülasyon değişimleri belirlenmiştir. Beyazsinek örnekleri, 2015 yılında sezon başı (Haziran), sezon ortası (Temmuz-Ağustos) ve sezon sonu (Eylül) olmak üzere üç dönemde toplam 102 farklı üretici tarlasından toplanmıştır. Ayrıca, insektisit uygulamalarının biyotip yapısına etkisinin ortaya çıkarılması amacıyla, Karataş ve Ceyhan’da ilaç uygulanan tarlalar ile Yüreğir’de ilaçsız sabit tarladan örnekler alınmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda, toplanan B. tabaci popülasyonların % 66’sı Q, % 34’ü ise B biyotip olarak belirlenmiştir. En yüksek Q biyotipi popülasyon oranı % 100 ile İmamoğlu’nda belirlenirken, en düşük ise % 33.3 ile Tuzla’da saptanmıştır. En yüksek B biyotip popülasyon oranı % 66.7 ile Tuzla’da bulunurken, İmamoğlu’ndan alınan örneklerde B biyotipe hiç rastlanılmamıştır. Biyotiplerin sezon içi popülasyon gelişimleri ilçelere bağlı olarak değişim göstermiştir. Ceyhan, Seyhan, Karataş ve Yüreğir’de sezon başında Q biyotipin baskın olduğu saptanmıştır. B biyotipinin ise sezon başı ile karşılaştırıldığında sezon sonunda popülasyonunun arttığı belirlenmiştir. Sabit tarlalardan alınan örnekler incelendiğinde yapılan insektisit uygulamalarının biyotip değişimine belirgin bir etkisinin olmadığı sonucunu ortaya çıkarmıştır.In this study, biotypes and their seasonal population dynamics of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) populations collected from cotton growing areas of Ceyhan, İmamoğlu, Karataş, Seyhan, Tuzla, Yumurtalık and Yüreğir in Adana province, were determined by using Microsatellite Fragment Analysis and PCR-RFLP molecular identification methods. Samples were taken from a total of 102 different cotton fields at early (June), mid (July-August) and late seasons (September), during the year 2015. In addition, in order to determine the effects of insecticide applications to the biotype composition, the pesticide applicated and free cotton fields located in Ceyhan Karataş and Yüreğir were also sampled. As a result, 66% of the total B. tabaci populations were determined as Q biotype while 34% were B biotype. The highest and lowest Q biotype population ratios were determined in İmamoğlu and Tuzla with 100% and 33.3%, respectively. Although the highest B biotype ratio was found to be 66.7% in Tuzla, there was not determined any B biotype in the samples collected from İmamoğlu. Seasonal dynamic of biotypes was changed according to locations and Q biotype was found dominant in the samples from Ceyhan, Seyhan, Karataş ve Yüreğir at the early season. Compared to early season, population of B biotype was increased in towards to late season. According to results of pesticide applicated and free cotton fields there was no important effect of pesticide application to the biotype dynamics of B. tabaci.Bu çalışma Ç.Ü. Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir. Proje No: FYL-2015-4297
Two promising larval parasitoids, Bracon (Habrobracon) didemie and Dolichogenidea appellator (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) for biological control of Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae)
No full textAbstract Background The tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is one of the most important tomato pests that causes irreversible economic losses. Due to lack of effective control methods, chemical control is still the most preferred approach for management of the pest all over the world. Therefore, researches are mainly focused on implementing a sustainable pest control program against this pest through finding out effective natural enemies. For this purpose, a survey study was conducted to determine the larval parasitoids of T. absoluta in field-grown tomatoes in Adana, Turkey, in 2021–2022. Results Two larval parasitoids, Bracon (Habrobracon) didemie Beyarslan and Dolichogenidea appellator (Telenga) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), were identified morphologically and molecularly. The first parasitoid populations were observed in tomato fields at the end of June and were maintained until the tomato plants were cleared (Middle of July). Throughout the survey, B. didemie was determined to be the more prevalent species than D. appellator. The highest percentage of D. appellator was found in the last week of June in 2021, at 42.8%. When the parasitoid species densities were compared, B. didemie accounted for 93.2% of the total parasitoids. Despite the intensive use of insecticides, the highest parasitoid density was achieved by B. didemie as 28 individuals per 100 leaves. Conclusions Based on these results, it was concluded that B. didemie can be candidate as a successful biological control agent against T. absoluta in tomato field as a part of IPM programs
Effect of cold storage on performance of Eretmocerus mundus, larval parasitoid of Bemisia tabaci in a conventional tomato growing greenhouse
No full textBemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) is an important pest that causes economic losses in agricultural production systems, including greenhouses. Chemical control is the main control method against B. tabaci; biological control practices, however, have also been applied against this pest, especially in greenhouse production systems. Due to its parasitism potential and adaptation to environmental conditions of the Mediterranean region, Eretmocerus mundus Mercet (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) is considered one of the most successful biological control agents of B. tabaci. In mass production, having adequate numbers of natural enemies is critical for the augmentative biological control programs. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the efficacy of stored indigenous Er. mundus on B. tabaci under greenhouse conditions. In storage experiments, red-eyed Er. mundus pupae were stored separately for 4, 8 and 12 days at 5 and 10 degrees C with 45 +/- 5% RH conditions. The most suitable storage duration and temperature were determined as 8 days and 10 degrees C for the greenhouse release experiments. In the greenhouse experiments, the treatments consisted of B. tabaci release (control), stored and unstored Er. mundus releases in the Spring of 2015 and 2016 growth seasons. For the evaluation of population development of whitefly and the parasitoid, leaf samples were taken at five-day intervals. In both years, similar parasitism fluctuations were detected in stored and unstored parasitoid-released treatments, wherein initially-lower parasitism rates showed a dramatic increase at later sampling dates. In general, statistical parasitism rates of stored and unstored Er. mundus populations were found in the same group for 2015 and 2016. The results showed that storage of the parasitoid did not have a negative effect on its parasitism ability, and eight-day-stored native strain of Er. mundus could be used successfully in the biological control of B. tabaci in greenhouse-grown tomato plants
PRELIMINARY STUDIES ON THE FALL ARMYWORM SPODOPTERA FRUGIPERDA (J.E. SMITH, 1797) (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE) IN THE EAST MEDITERRANEAN REGION OF TÜRKIYE
No full textToxicity and risk assessment of pesticides on the predatory mite, Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Acari: Phytoseiidae) under laboratory conditions
No full textAmblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot (Para-
sitiformes: Phytoseiidae) is one of the most common
predatory mite species naturally occurring in several
crops including citrus and vegetables in certain areas
of the Mediterranean basin. Despite its abundance, and
importance in sustainable pest management programs,
there has been a notable gap regarding the compatibil-
ity of reduced-risk pesticides with this predatory mite.
Hence, it is crucial to clarify the toxic effects of pesti-
cides to assess the potential risk they pose to this preda-
tor and understand their environmental impact. There-
fore, we evaluated the toxic effects of the six “reduced
risk” pesticides, fosetyl-Al, prothioconazole + spirox-
amine, proquinazid, tebuconazole, spinetoram and spi-
nosad on different developmental stages of A. swirskii.
To construct the possible “worst-case scenario”, the test
units were sprayed at the maximum recommended con-
centrations of the pesticides. The results indicate that
spinetoram, spinosad and proquinazid are highly toxic,
which respectively caused 81.20%, 64.98% and 43.34%
mortality on eggs, 100.00%, 100.00% and 96.66% on
larvae, and 100.00%, 100.00% and 90.00% on adult
females. While fosetyl-Al, prothioconazole + spirox-
amine, and tebuconazole are harmless to eggs, they
are moderately toxic to larvae and adult females with
mortality rates respectively reaching 23.64%, 32.00%
and 26.66% for larvae and 21.66%, 29.16% and 19.16%
for adult females. Although all pesticides signifi-
cantly reduced the egg production, higher effects were
observed with application of spinetoram, spinosad, pro-
thioconazole + spiroxamine and proquinazid. Therefore,
the moderately toxic pesticides fosetyl-Al, prothiocona-
zole + spiroxamine and tebuconazole may be compat-
ible with A. swirskii in IPM programs. However, further
investigations are essential to determine whether the
highly toxic effects of other pesticides are consistent in
semi-field and/or field conditions
