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(Verhoeffius) Kaplin 2019, subgen. nov.
No full textVerhoeffius Kaplin, subgen. nov. Type species: Trigoniophthalmus remyi Stach, 1939 (redescr. Wygodzinsky, 1958). Diagnosis. Urocoxites II–V with 2 + 2 exsertile vesicles. Description. Body length 6.5–15 mm. Hypodermal pigment absent or present on head and coxae. Paired ocelli pyriform. Cercus with one or two support apical spikes. Urocoxites II–V with 2 + 2 exsertile vesicles. Two described subgenera and 5 species (Table 1).Published as part of Kaplin, Vladimir, 2019, Taxonomic review of the genera Trigoniophthalmus Verhoeff and Coryphophthalmus Verhoeff (Archaeognatha, Machilidae) with descriptions of two new species of the genus Coryphophthalmus from Serbia, pp. 371-384 in Zootaxa 4661 (2) on pages 375-376, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4661.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/337952
Trigoniophthalmus Kaplin 2019, s. str.
No full textTrigoniophthalmus s. str. Diagnosis. With 2 + 2 exsertile vesicles on abdominal segments II–V. Spine-like setae on the ventral surface of tarsus absent. Description. Body length 8–12 mm. Hypodermal pigment on head and coxae. Compound eyes black, slightly widened. Paired ocelli black, submedian, close together, transverse, drop-shaped. Spine-like setae on the ventral surface of tarsus absent. Urocoxites II–V with 2 + 2 exsertile vesicles. Ovipositor shortened, not exceeding posterior angle of coxite IX, with 18–22 divisions. Anterior gonapophyses with long setae, divisions of posterior gonapophyses without setae (Figs 5–8). The subgenus includes one described species (Table 1).Published as part of Kaplin, Vladimir, 2019, Taxonomic review of the genera Trigoniophthalmus Verhoeff and Coryphophthalmus Verhoeff (Archaeognatha, Machilidae) with descriptions of two new species of the genus Coryphophthalmus from Serbia, pp. 371-384 in Zootaxa 4661 (2) on page 372, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4661.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/337952
Trigoniophthalmus kobani Kaplin 2019, sp. n.
No full text<i>Trigoniophthalmus kobani</i> Kaplin, sp. n. <p>(Figs 1–15)</p> <p> <b>Material.</b> Holotype, ♂ (in slides): Russia, North Ossetia <i>–</i> Alania, Prigorodny Distr., environs of Koban settl., 42 <i>°</i> 55ʹN <i>/</i> 44 <i>°</i> 30′E, 1100 m, 29.04.2018 (V. G. Kaplin). Paratype: 1♀ (in slides), same data as for holotype.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Body length: male 7 mm, female 7.5 mm. Body width: male and female 2.1–2.2 mm. General body color whitish. Antennal base, frons, clypeus, maxillae, mandibles, submentum, mentum, hypopharynx, thoracic sternites and coxae of all legs with purple hypodermal pigment of medium intensity. Color of scales on surface of body brownish. Antennae slightly shorter than body. Distal chains of flagellum divided into 7–9 articles in male and female. Clypeus of male with long thin bristles. Cercus approximately 0.37 (male) or 0.43 (female) body length, including about 25 articles. Apex of cercus with one spike (Fig. 1). Every second articles of cerci with 2 or 3 colorless supporting macrochaetae on the distal inner side.</p> <p>Compound eyes black (in ethanol). Ratio of length to width of compound eye about 1.02 in male and 1.05 in female; ratio of length of contact line to length of eye 0.52 in male and 0.48 in female. Paired ocelli submedian, pear-shaped, reddish-brown with very narrow white border, 1.8 times as wide as long in both sexes. Distance between inner margins of ocelli about 0.14 and between their outer margins 0.65–0.69 of total width of compound eyes in both sexes (Fig. 2).</p> <p> Apical article of maxillary palp 0.86–0.92 (male) or 1.01–1.02 (female) times as long as preceding one. Dorsal surface of 7 th, 6 th and 5 th articles of maxillary palp with 11 or 12, 12–14 and 2 or 3 hyaline spines, respectively, in both sexes. Ventral surface of 2–7 th articles of male maxillary palp with relatively numerous and long thin chaetae, on 6 th and 7 th articles such chaetae distributed more sparse (Figs 3, 4). Same long thin chaetae also present on dorsal surface of 2 nd articles of male labial palp (Fig. 5). Apical article of labial palp triangularly oval, 2.5 times as long as wide in both sexes. Mandibles with four distal teeth (Figs 6, 7).</p> <p> Fore femur and tibia of male and female widened. Fore femur of male without sensory field (Fig. 8). Ratios of length to width of femur, tibia and tarsus as shown in Table 1. Ratio of length of 3 rd tarsomere of tarsus to total length of tarsus about 0.35 in both sexes. Legs of male without long, thin bristles. Ventral surface of femora, tibiae and tarsi without spine-like setae. Middle and hind legs with coxal styli. Length of styli 0.5 mm (female) and 0.6 mm (male). Ratio of styli length to width of middle and hind coxae about 1.4–1.5 in female and 1.6–1.7 in male. Praetarsus with two claws and apically rounded cylindrical supporting projection between them. Ratio of length to width of projection about 1.6–1.7.</p> <p>Posterior margin of pronotum with a deep notch (Fig.9). In both sexes, uritesI andV–VII with 1+1 eversible vesicles, uritesII– IV with 2 + 2 such vesicles (Figs 10, 11). In male, posterior angle of urosternites II–VII and VIII approximately 76–78° and 84°, respectively; but in female, anterior angle of urosternites II–VII about 86–89°. Ratios of lengths of styli (without apical spine) and urocoxites II–IX as shown in Table 2. Inner posterior lobes of urocoxites VII between eversible vesicles of female slightly protruding (Fig. 11); ratio of length to total width of these lobes about 0.43. Thoracic tergites, urotergites I–IV, urosternites and urocoxites I–VI without macrochaetae in both sexes. Distribution of sublateral macrochaetae on urotergites V–X and spines on urocoxites VII–IX as shown in Table 3. Urocoxites IX with 2–3 and 5–6 (male) or 2 and 4 (female) outer and inner sublateral spines, respectively (Figs 12, 13).</p> <p>Ovipositor slender, elongate (2.3 mm), slightly surpassing apex of styli IX (Fig. 13). Anterior and posterior gonapophyses with approximately 40 and 41 divisions, respectively. One or two basal divisions of anterior gonapophyses and about 22 or 23 basal divisions of posterior gonapophyses glabrous.Apical macrochaetae of gonapophyses as long as three or four apical divisions combined. Distal divisions of anterior gonapophyses with 5–7, posterior gonapophyses with 3 or 4 setae (not counting sensory setae and apical macrochaetae) (Figs 14, 15). Ovarioles with 10 large eggs.</p> <p>Male genitalia with one pair of parameres on abdominal segment IX. Parameres with 1 + 6 divisions, slightly not attaining apex of penis (Fig 12). Penis and parameres not attaining of apex of urocoxites IX for 4.8 of width of aedeagus of penis. Phallobasis of penis 1.6 times as long as aedeagus.</p> <p> <b>Differential diagnosis.</b> Between species of the subgenera <i>Trigoniocellus</i> with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles on urites II–IV <i>T. kobani</i> <b>sp. n.</b> belongs to a group of small congeners with a body length of 7–9.5 mm, black or dark eyes, redish-brown paired ocelli, ratio of length to width of compound eye more than 1, the length of the contact line between compound eyes about 0.5–0.6 of eye length. This group includes 6 known species: <i>T. kobani</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, <i>T. tseyi</i> <b>sp. n.</b>, <i>T. minor</i> Kaplin, 2015, <i>T. borgustani</i> Kaplin, 2015, <i>T. subalpinus</i> Kaplin, 2017 and <i>T. abchasicus</i> Kaplin, 2017. <i>Trigoniophthalmus kobani</i> <b>sp. n.</b> differs from other species of this group by the color of paired ocelli, distribution of long thin chaetae on male labial palp, by the ratio of lengths of apical article and preceding one of maxillary palp, posterior angle of urosternites II–V, the number of outer and inner sublateral macrochaetae on urocoxites IX. The main differences between species of this group are summarized in Table 8.</p> <p> <b>Habitats.</b> Specimens of <i>Trigoniophthalmus kobani</i> <b>sp. n.</b> were collected in mountain forest (Quercus, Carpinus, shrubs) under stones, 1100 m above sea level.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The new species takes its name from the type locality: Koban, North Ossetia – Alania.</p>Published as part of <i>Kaplin, V. G., 2019, New species of bristletails of the genus Trigoniophthalmus Verhoeff, 1910 (Archaeognatha: Machilidae) from North Ossetia - Alania (Russia), pp. 25-34 in Caucasian Entomological Bulletin (Caucas. entomol. bull.) (Caucas. entomol. bull.) 15 (1)</i> on pages 25-28, DOI: 10.23885/181433262019151-2534, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8145596">http://zenodo.org/record/8145596</a>
Trigoniophthalmus tseyi Kaplin 2019, sp. n.
No full textTrigoniophthalmus tseyi Kaplin, sp. n. (Figs 16–28) Material. Holotype, ♂ (in slides): Russia, North Ossetia – Alania, Alagir Distr., Verkhniy Tsey settl.,environs of Recom sanctuary, 42 ° 47′31ʺN / 43 ° 54′14ʺE, 1950 m, 28.04.2018 (V. G. Kaplin). Paratypes: 1♂, 2♀ (1♀ in slides), same data as for holotype. Description. Body length: male 7–7.5 mm, female 7.3–8 mm. Body width: males and females 1.8–2.1 mm. General body color whitish. Antennal base, frons, maxillae, mandibles, hypopharynx with brown hypodermal pigment of weak and medium intensity. Color of scales on surface of body brownish. Antennae slightly shorter than body. Distal chains of flagellum divided into 9–12 articles in male and female (Fig. 16). Clypeus of male with long thin bristles. Cercus approximately 0.41–0.46 body length, including about 17 articles in both sexes. Apex of cercus with one spike (Fig.17). Articles of cerci, except apical one in female and two distal ones in male, with 1 or 2 colorless supporting macrochaetae on the inner side. Cerci of female also with 3 or 4 macrochaetae on outer side, male with only 1 macrochaeta in such position. Supporting macrochaetae also present on lateral sides of articles of caudal filament. Compound eyes black (in ethanol). Ratio of length to width of compound eye about 1.02–1.04 in males and 1.04–1.06 in females; ratio of length of contact line to length of eye 0.50–0.54 in both sexes. Paired ocelli submedian, pear-shaped, brown with a welldefined white border, 1.4–1.6 times as wide as long in both sexes. Distance between inner margins of ocelli about 0.16–0.18 and between their outer margins 0.60–0.65 total width of compound eyes in both sexes (Fig. 18). Apical article of maxillary palp 0.77 (male) or 0.82 (female) times as long as preceding one. Dorsal surface of 7 th, 6 th and 5 th articles of maxillary palp in both sexes with 11–13, 11–13 and 4 hyaline spines, respectively. Ventral surface of 2–7 th articles of male maxillary palp with relatively numerous and long thin chaetae, on sixth and especially seventh articles such chaetae distributed more sparse (Fig. 19). Similar long thin chaetae also present on dorsal surface of 2 nd and 3 rd articles of male labial palp. Apical article of labial palp triangularly oval, 2.2 (male) or 2.3 (female) times as long as wide (Fig. 20). Mandibles with 4 distal teeth (Fig. 21). Fore femur and tibia of male and female widened, without sensory field (Fig. 22). Ratios of length to width of femur, tibia and tarsus as shown in Table 4. Ratio of length of 3 rd tarsomere of tarsus to total length of tarsus 0.33–0.35 in both sexes. Coxa of male with long, thin bristles, missing from the femur, tibia and tarsus. Ventral surface of femur, tibia and tarsus with colorless spine-like chaetae (Table 5). Middle and hind legs with coxal styli. Length of styli 0.5 mm (female) or 0.6 mm (male). Ratio of length of styli to width of middle and hind coxae about 1.4–1.5 in both sexes. Praetarsus with 2 claws and support cone-shaped projection between them. Ratios of length to width of projection 1.9–2.1, widths of projection and pretarsus about 0.3. Posterior margin of pronotum with a deep notch. In both sexes, urites I and V–VII with 1 + 1 eversible vesicles, but urites II–IV with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles (Figs 24, 25). In male, posterior angle of urosternites II, III–VI, VII approximately 78°, 71–73° and 68°; but in female, 84°, 73–75° and 65°, respectively. In male, posterior angle of urosternite VIII about 84°. Ratios of lengths of styli (without apical spines) and urocoxites II–IX as shown in Table 6. Inner posterior lobes of urocoxites VII between eversible vesicles of female protruding (Fig. 25); ratio of length to total width of these lobes about 0.7. Thoracic tergites, urotergites I–IV, urosternites and urocoxites I–VI without macrochaetae in both sexes. Distribution of sublateral macrochaetae on urotergites V–X and spines on urocoxites VII–IX as shown in Table 7.Urocoxites IX, respectively, with 2 and 7–8 (male) or 1 and 7–11 (female) outer and inner sublateral spines (Figs 23, 26). Ovipositor slender, elongate (1.6–2.1 mm), slightly not surpassing apex of styli IX (Fig. 26). Anterior and posterior gonapophyses with approximately 47 and 50 divisions, respectively. Two basal divisions of anterior gonapophyses and about 27 basal divisions of posterior gonapophyses glabrous. Apical macrochaetae of gonapophyses as long as four apical divisions combined. Distal divisions of anterior gonapophyses with 4–6, posterior gonapophyses with 2–5 setae (not counting sensory setae and apical macrochaetae) (Figs 27, 28). Male genitalia with one pair of parameres on abdominal segment IX. Parameres with 1 + 7 divisions, penis slightly not attaining apex of parameres (Fig. 23). Penis and parameres not attaining of apex of coxites IX for 4.6 of width of aedeagus. Phallobasis of penis 1.3 times as long as aedeagus. Differential diagnosis. Trigoniophthalmus tseyi sp. n. belongs to the same species group as T. kobani sp. n. described above. Trigoniophthalmus tseyi sp. n. differs from other species of this group by ratio of distance between inner margins of paired ocelli to total width of eyes, presence of spine-like setae on legs, small posterior angle of urosternites II–V, large number of inner sublateral spines on urocoxite IX. Main differences between these species of this group are in Table 8. Habitats. Specimens of Trigoniophthalmus tseyi sp. n. were collected in mountain forest (Pinus, Fagus, shrubs) under stones, 1950 m above sea level. Etymology. The new species takes its name from the type locality: Verkhniy Tsey, North Ossetia – Alania.Published as part of Kaplin, V. G., 2019, New species of bristletails of the genus Trigoniophthalmus Verhoeff, 1910 (Archaeognatha: Machilidae) from North Ossetia - Alania (Russia), pp. 25-34 in Caucasian Entomological Bulletin (Caucas. entomol. bull.) (Caucas. entomol. bull.) 15 (1) on pages 28-31, DOI: 10.23885/181433262019151-2534, http://zenodo.org/record/814559
Allopsontus ilyai Kaplin 2018, sp. nov.
No full textAllopsontus ilyai Kaplin, sp. nov. Figs. 1–14 Diagnosis. Allopsontus ilyai resembles A. smelyanskii from Orenburg Region (Russia) in the body length, distribution and intensity of hypodermal pigment, relative length of cerci, line of eyes contact, the ratio of the length of eye to its width, distance between the inner edges of the paired ocelli to the total width of compound eyes, length of the last segment of labial palp to their width, number of segments of the ovipositor in females and parameres in males. However, it can be distinguished from A. smelyanskii by the color of the compound eyes, structure of the paired ocelli, legs, urosternites, and urocoxites VIII and IX. Description. Body length of two males, 8.8 (holotype), 10.3 (paratype) mm; of female, 10.6 mm; width of males and female 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 mm, respectively. General body color (in alcohol) brownish, with hypodermal pigment of medium intensity. Labium, labial palp, apical part of clypeus, 6th and 7th articles of maxillary palp, coxal and abdominal styli without pigment. Scale color on dorsal surface of body dark brown to black; ventral surface brownish; strip of white scales around eyes, spot of brown scales on vertex of the head between the eyes. Antennae shorter than body. Distal chains of flagellum divided into five or six annuli. Cerci about 0.32 (holotype male), 0.30 (paratype male), 0.38 (female) times body length; with one apical spike (Fig. 2). Clypeus of males without long thin bristles. Compound eyes bluish-grey (in alcohol). Ratio length to width of compound eye 1.1 (holotype and paratype males), 1.2 (female); ratio of line of contact to length of eyes 0.32 and 0.30, respectively. Paired ocelli sublateral, light brown with narrow white border, 3.0 (female), 3.4 (holotype) and 3.5 (paratype) (males) times wider than long. Ratio of distance between inner margins of ocelli to total width of compound eyes 0.47 (holotype male), 0.49 (paratype male), 0.45 (female) (Fig. 1). Apical article of maxillary palp 0.92 (male), 0.83–0.86 (female) times as long as the preceding article; ratio of length of 5th to 4th article 1.47–1.55 (male), 1.58–1.64 (female). Dorsal surface of 5th, 6th and 7th articles of maxillary palp with 2, 11–12 and 12–13 hyaline spines, respectively, in both sexes. Undersurface of articles 5–7 of male maxillary palps with short, adpressed setulae (Fig. 5). Labial palp of male without such setulae. Apical article of labial palp triangularly oval, 2.2–2.3 (male), 2.6–2.7 (female) times longer than wide (Figs. 7, 13). Mandibles with four distal teeth (Figs. 6, 10). Fore femur and fore and middle tibiae of male and female widened (Table 1). Ratio of length of 3rd tarsomere to total length of tarsus in female 0.36, in male 0.38–0.39. Undersurface of tibiae and tarsi with two rows of spinelike setae (Figs. 3, 4, 14). Second tarsomere generally with more spinelike setae than the first and third tarsomeres; tibial spinelike setae increasing from fore to hind tibia; fore femoral projection on underside with 24– 28 thickened spinelike setae; male femora on other legs, and all female femora, with few or no such setae (Table 2). Fore femur of male with narrow, elongated sensory field composed of one irregular row of 14‒15 ramose sensilla (Fig. 3). Morphometric ratios found in the sensory field and femur as follows: LF/WF: 2.25; LSF/WSF: 4.50; LSF/ LF: 0.50; WSF/WF: 0.25; d/LF: 0.40; d/LSF: 0.80; d/WSF: 3.60. Middle and hind legs with coxal styli. Length of styli 0.55–0.60 mm in males, 0.60–0.68 mm in female. Ratio of length of styli to width of middle and hind coxae about 1.4 (female), 1.6 (males). Legs of males without long, thin bristles. Pretarsus with bicolored lateral claws. Urites I–VII with 1 + 1 eversible vesicles. Posterior angle of urosternites II–VI approximately 100–105 о in both sexes, on urosternite VII 113 о (male) and 140 о (female), on urosternite VIII 148 о. Ratio of length of urostyli to urocoxites on urites II–VII 0.6–07, VIII and IX 0.8–0.9, in both sexes (Table 3). Apical spines on urostyli short. Ratio of length of apical spines to urostyli (not including spines) on urites II–VIII about 0.18–0.28. Urosternite VIII in male with apical and lateral angles (Fig. 8). Inner posterior lobes of urocoxites VII of female protruding (Fig. 12). Thoracic tergites, urotergites I–II, urosternites, urocoxites I–IV and urocoxite IX without macrochaetae; urotergite VII with 2–3 + 2–3, VIII and IX with 3–4 + 3–4, X with 1 + 1 sublateral macrochaetae (Table 4). Ovipositor slender, elongate, significantly surpassing apex of styli IX by about 0.75 times length of the latter (Fig. 11). Length of ovipositor about 3.8–4.5 mm. Anterior and posterior gonapophyses with approximately 73 or 74 divisions, respectively. Anterior gonapophyses with basal 4 divisions, and posterior gonapophyses with basal 25 divisions glabrous. Distal spines of gonapophyses as long as four apical divisions combined. Male genitalia with one pair of parameres on urite IX. Parameres with 1 + 6 divisions, not quite attaining apex of penis. Penis and parameres attaining level of apex of urocoxites IX (Fig. 9). Length to width ratio of apical portion of penis about 2.0. Apical portion of penis 1.3 times length of basal portion. Material examined. Holotype male (on slides), Kazakhstan, East Kazakhstan Region: 47°48′N 81°08′E, Ayagoz District, foothills of Tarbagatai, elev. 883 m, semidesert, Artemisia pauciflora – Salsolae association, on the surface of the soil among breakstone. One paratype female (on slides), one paratype male, same locality as holotype, 13.06.2015 (I. È. Smelyanskiy). Etymology. The new species is named after the collector Ilya Smelyanskiy, a renowned expert in the field of ecology and nature protection from Novosibirsk.Published as part of Kaplin, Vladimir, 2018, A new species of the genus Allopsontus Silvestri (Archaeognatha: Machilidae) from the Eastern Kazakhstan, pp. 508-516 in Zootaxa 4500 (4) on pages 509-514, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4500.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/529778
Persiatelurina daghestaniana Kaplin & Vasin 2019, sp.nov.
No full textPersiatelurina daghestaniana Kaplin, sp.nov. (Figs 1–17) Holotype. Female (in slides), Russia, Daghestan, environs of Derbent fortress, 42°03'10''N, 48°16'26''E, 22.IV.2018, V. Kaplin, V. Vasin (VIZR). Paratypes. Two females (in slides), same data as for holotype (VIZR). Description. Body length 3.2–3.8 mm; head length 0.26–0.28 mm; thorax length 1.1–1.2 mm. Head width 0.8–0.9 mm; thorax width 1.3– 1.4 mm; width of abdominal segment IX about 0.5 mm. General colouration yellowish white with golden chaetae and scales. Body small, elongate (2.2– 2.6 times as long as wide), ateluriform in shape, covered (including head and coxae) by relatively large scales which 1–2.1 times as long as wide and with 14–20 rays (antennae and cerci partially broken). Macrochaetae simple or with apical bifurcations. Head small, 1.5 times as wide as long (Fig. 1). Basal annuli of flagellum with trichobothria. Mandibles with row of macrochaetae along outer surface (last of these macrochaetae with apical bifurcation) as well as with well-developed incisor and molar regions. Incisor region with seven incisives. Maxillary palps with five palpomeres. Ultimate palpomere of maxillary palps 1.2 times as long as penultimate one; ultimate palpomere with four apical sensorial papillae of usual form (Fig.3). Galea of maxilla with two apical conules: one more rounded than other. Apical tooth of lacinia bifid; pectinate prostheca long with about 20–22 narrow hyaline projections, five bifurcated hyaline lamellae (first of these lamellae large and perpendicular, rest lamellae inclined), about five simple macrochaetae and three small chaetae along inner margin. Perpendicular lamella in apical part with five lateral projections (Fig. 4). Apical palpomere of labial palp ovoid, about 1.3–1.5 times as long as wide, with six typical sensorial papillae (Fig. 2). Undersurface of last three palpomeres of labial palps with numerous relatively shortened and thickened, slightly curved and apically bifurcated chaetae. Glossae divided into two pairs of lobes, shorter than paraglossae. Paraglossae with simple and bifid chaetae. Lateral margins of thoracic tergites with a row of setae, two of which (located in posterolateral angles of tergites) apically bifid and longest (Fig. 9). Anterior border of pronotum with numerous small chaetae. Posterior margin of pro-, meso- and metanotum with eight to ten small chaetae (Fig. 9). Legs quite elongate. Coxae and femora widened (Fig. 5). Ratio of lengths: for I, II and III coxae about 2.0, 1.6 and 1.4, respectively; for femora, 1.7, 1.6 and 1.5; for tibiae, 3.7, 4.2 and 4.5. All tibiae with two lyriform spines located at apex of dorsal part, but all femora with only one such spine (Fig. 6). Tibia also with one relatively large apical spur and four ventral simple macrochaetae. Middle part of all femora with two long macrochaetae on poorly marked ledge: distal one bifid, proximal one simple. Praetarsus with two strong claws, two small pulvilli, medial empodial claw and slightly convex small support oval platform with 3–4 transverse ribs (Fig. 7). Urotergites I–VIII infralaterally with 2+2 bifid and 2+2 additional simple macrochaetae: inner chaetae more robust and longer than other ones. Posterior margin of urotergites I–VIII with four small chaetae (Fig. 10). Urotergite IX with posterolateral corners protruding, with 1+1 apical, 5+5 outer and 1+1 inner macrochaetae; outer and inner macrochaetae shorter than apical ones (Fig. 11). Urotergite X with semicircular concave hind margin; ratio of width to depth of this notch (concavity) about 2.2; apex of posterolateral angles of urotergite X with 1+1 long and strong macrochaetae; inner and outer margins of this notch with three macrochaetae each (Fig. 8). Urosternite I with 1+1 submedian small chaetae. Urosternite II with one pair of submedian vesicles and with six setae (Fig. 12). Urosternite III with four macrochaetae and two small chaetae (Fig. 13). Urosternites IV–VI with five or six chaetae on hind margin. Two submedian macrochaetae of urosternites III–VI long, apically bifurcated (Fig. 13). Urosternite VII with one pair of pseudovesicles, 1+1 submedian long simple macrochaetae between pseudovesicles and 2+2 sublateral smaller setae (Fig. 14). Subgenital plate well developed, 1.8 times as wide as long, with rounded hind margin and single row of simple setae, apically slightly acute (Fig. 14). Urosternites VII–IX with styli; ratios of length of styli (without apical spines) on urosternite VII, urocoxite VIII and urocoxite IX to length of corresponding urosternite and urocoxites about 0.74, 0.78 and 0.84, respectively; ratios of lengths of apical spines and styli (without apical spines) for urosternite VII as well as for urocoxites VIII and IX about 0.30, 0.25 and 0.18, respectively (Figs 14, 15). Ovipositor spindle-shaped, slightly shorter than styli IX. Gonapophyses VIII and IX with nine divisions and acute apices; gonapophyses VIII with numerous straight chaetae, but its outer margin also with one longer chaeta on each of 2–9th or 2–8th divisions; inner margin of gonapophysis IX with one such chaeta on each of 5–9th divisions (Figs 16, 17); gonapophyses IX with an inner apical spiny area; apical part of gonapophyses IX also with well-developed oval sensorial field. Basal part of cerci with trichobothria. Male unknown. Remarks. The new species belongs to the genus Persiatelurina, which includes two previosly described species: P. caucasica (Kaplin, 2016) from Abkhazia and P. farsiana Molero et al., 2018 from Southwestern Iran. The new species differs from these species by structure of the legs, maxillae, maxillary and labial palps, pronotum, urotergite X, urosternites II, VII, urocoxites VIII and IX, subgenital plate, ovipositor. The main differences between species are shown in Table. Etymology. The name of the new species derives from the Daghestan Republic combined with the suffix “-iana”. Habitats. All specimens of Persiatelurina daghestaniana sp. nov. were collected in mountain forest (Quércus, Fráxinus, Rosa, other shrubs), in soil under stones, with small ants.Published as part of Kaplin, V. G. & Vasin, V. G., 2019, A new species of silverfish of the genus Persiatelurina Molero et al. (Zygentoma: Nicoletiidae) from Daghestan, pp. 88-93 in Zoosystematica Rossica (Zoosyst. Rossica) (Zoosyst. Rossica) 28 (1) on pages 89-93, DOI: 10.31610/zsr/2019.28.1.8
Coryphophthalmus troglophilus Kaplin & Vargovitsh 2020, sp. nov.
No full textCoryphophthalmus troglophilus Kaplin, sp. nov. Figs. 2–14 Diagnosis. Coryphophthalmus troglophilus sp. nov., with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles on urocoxites II–IV, belongs to the subgenus Coryphophthalmus s. str., a group of species with long thin chaetae on the legs, clypeus and maxillary palpomeres 2‒4, but lacking on male labial palp; without needle-like macrochaetae on legs. Only one species, C. abchasicus (Kaplin, 2017) is affiliated to this group other than the new species (Kaplin, 2017). Description. Body length of males 7.0– 7.3 mm, females 7.2–8.2 mm; width of males and females 1.8–2.1 mm; antennae length of males 8.5–8.7 mm, female 6.8 mm (slightly broken); cercus length of males 3.8 mm, females 3.6–4.2 mm; total eyes width of males 0.86–0.88 mm, females 0.86–1.00 mm; eye length of males and females 0.43–0.46 and 0.44–0.48 mm, respectively; paired ocelli width of males 0.26–0.27 mm, females 0.23–0.26 mm; paired ocellus length of males and females 0.15–0.16 and 0.13–0.14 mm, respectively; coxal styli length of males 0.65–0.70, females 0.60–0.65 mm; ovipositor length 2.3–2.6 mm. General body color (in ethanol) whitish or light yellow, almost without hypodermal pigment. Antennal base, frons, gena, lateral sides of clypeus, basal parts of mandibles, thoracic sterna with brown-violet hypodermal pigment of light to medium intensity. Scale color on surface of body grey, dark grey, almost white and black, light brown or brown, spotted on the upper side of body (Fig. 2). Antennae of males and females slightly longer than body. Distal chains of male and female flagella divided into 8–12 annuli. Аpical, 3rd, 5th and 7th annuli of distal chains with one or two basiconic sensilla of D form; each annulus of chains also with one “rosette-shaped” sensillum. Clypeus and labrum of male with long thin chaetae. Cerci of males and females about 0.50–0.55 times body length, divided into 22–23 annuli, with apically bifurcated spikes. Two distal annuli of cerci without lateral hyaline spines. Remaining cercal annuli with 1–5 inner lateral spines in both sexes. Compound eyes round, green or dark green (in ethanol). Length to width ratio of compound eye 1.00– 1.03 in both sexes; ratio of line of contact to length of male and female eyes 0.50–0.53 and 0.42–0.46, respectively. Paired ocelli submedian, pyriform, dark brown with narrow white borders. Ratios of width to length of male and female ocelli 1.7 and 1.8, respectively. Ratio of distance between inner and outer margins of ocelli to total width of compound eyes 0.16–0.18 and 0.64–0.66 eye in both sexes, respectively (Fig. 3). Apical maxillary palpomere 0.55–0.65 times (male) and 0.72–0.75 times (female) that of the preceding one, ratio of length of 5th and 4th palpomeres 1.3 in male and 1.4 in female. Dorsal surface of 7th, 6th and 5th palpomeres of maxillary palp with 10–11, 13–14 and 3–4 hyaline spines in male, and 12–14, 14–16, and 4–7 spines in female, respectively. Underside of palpomeres 2–4 of male maxillary palp with relatively numerous and long thin chaetae, missing on the dorsal surface of male labial palpomeres (Fig. 4). Apical labial palpomere triangularly oval, 2.3–2.5 times (male) and 2.6–2.7 times (female) longer than wide, with 30–35 sensorial cones (Fig. 5). Mandibles with three teeth in female and four in male (Figs. 6, 7). Fore and middle femora and tibiae of female widened. Hind tarsus 1.2–1.3 times longer than fore and middle tarsi in both sexes. Fore tibia longer than middle tibia 1.3 times in female and 1.2 times in male. Hind tibia longer than middle tibia, 1.5 times in female and 1.3 times in male. Fore femur of male without sensory field. Ratios of length to width of femur, tibia and tarsus given in Table 1. Ratio of length of apical hind tarsomere to total length of hind tarsus 0.32 in male and 0.35 in female (Fig. 8). Trochanter and femur of male with long, thin chaetae. Ventral surface of femora, tibiae and tarsi without spine-like macrochaetae in both sexes. All tibiae with 1–2 lateral, relatively long, colorless, thickened macrochaetae. Pretarsa with two well-developed claws and arolium with flexible pad between them (Fig. 9). Urocoxites I and V–VII with 1 + 1, II–IV with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles. Posterior angle of urosternites II–VI 74–80°, VII about 85° in both sexes. Length ratios of urosternites, urocoxites and urostyli given in Table 2. Inner posterior lobes of female urocoxites VII protruding. Ratio of length to total width of protruding lobes about 0.34. Thoracic tergites, urotergites I–IV, all urosternites, urocoxites I–V without macrochaetae in both sexes. Distribution of sublateral spines on urocoxites and urotergites given in Table 3. Urocoxites IX with 2–3 + 2–3 outer spines in both sexes and with 6–8 + 6–8 inner sublateral spines in male and 7–11 + 7–11 ones in female (Figs 10, 13). Ovipositor slender, elongate, visibly surpassing apex of styli IX (Fig. 10). Anterior and posterior gonapophyses with approximately 38–40 or 41–43 divisions, respectively. One or two basal divisions of anterior gonapophyses and 20–21 basal divisions of posterior gonapophyses glabrous. Distal spines of gonapophyses as long as 3–4 apical divisions combined. Apical divisions of anterior and posterior gonapophyses with 8–9 and 5–8 chaetae, respectively (not including apical spines) (Figs 11, 12). Male genitalia with one pair of parameres on urite IX. Parameres with 1 + 5 divisions (Fig. 12), surpassing apex of penis. Penis and parameres clearly not attaining level of apex of urocoxites IX, ratio of the distance between apexes of penis and of urocoxites IX to width of distal division of penis 5.0–6.5. Basal division of penis 1.3–1.4 times longer than distal division (Fig. 14). Material examined. Holotype: male (on slide) (ZIN); Abkhazia, Ochamchira District, Otap, Aymara, W Caucasus, 42°56′N, 41°31′E, elev. 440 m, Kotsha Cave, ˗20 to ˗ 25 m depth, on wet stoneflows, 20.09.2018 (R. S. Vargovitsh). Paratypes: 2 males, 7 females (one male and two females on slides); same locality and data (R. S. Vargovitsh) (ZIN). Habitats. All specimens of Coryphophthalmus troglophilus sp. nov. were collected on walls, stalagmites and among stones in a cave at depths of ˗20 to ˗ 25 m. The cave is narrow, almost all vertical, with a total depth of ˗ 33 m (Fig.14). The arthropod fauna in the cave is quite rich. The main adaptations of this new species to life in conditions of low light on the rocky surface substrate include green or dark green eyes; weak body pigmentation; pretarsa with well-developed arolium and claws; relatively long cerci, tarsi and tibiae of the hind legs; apical needles of the urostyli; large sublateral spines on urocoxites IX, especially in the male; reduced number of apical sensorial cones on the third labial palpomere and sensilla on the apical part of labium; and camouflaged by the mottled color of scales on the upper side of the body. These characteristics place it as a troglophile. Etymology. The species name troglophilus is Latin for “troglo = cave; philus = preference”. Discussion. Coryphophthalmus troglophilus sp. nov. resembles C. abchasicus in the presence of numerous long thin chaetae on the undersurface of the male maxillary palp, absence of such chaetae on the upper surface of the male labial palp and absence of spine-like chaetae on the undersurface of the tarsus. The main differences between C. troglophilus and C. abchasicus consist in the color of compound eyes, the line of eye contact, lengths of cercus and apical spines of the urostyli, ratio of length to width of the apical palpomere of the labial palp and number of divisions of the ovipositor and parameres (Table 4).Published as part of Kaplin, Vladimir & Vargovitsh, Robert S., 2020, New species of bristletails of the family Machilidae (Microcoryphia) from caves in Abkhazia and Ukraine, pp. 530-540 in Zootaxa 4885 (4) on pages 532-536, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4885.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/429692
Charimachilis rostoviensis Kaplin & Martynov 2020, sp. nov.
No full textCharimachilis rostoviensis Kaplin, sp. nov. (Figs 6, 7) Type material. HƟΓƟΤΥΡΕ: ♀ (slide-mounted, ZIN), RUSSIA: Rostov-on-Don, Botanical garden of the Southern Federal University, 47°14′13″N, 39°39′12″E, 50 m a.s.l., under a dead pine trunk, June 19, 2019, V. Martynov leg. PΑ*©ΑΤΥΡΕඌ: ♀♀ 3 (one on slide), 6 juv., the same locality, V. Martynov leg. (ZIN). Description. Female. Body length 9.6–11.0 mm; body width 2.8–3.1 mm; antennal length 5.8–6.8 mm; cercal length 4.1–4.4 mm; total eyes width 1.00– 1.03 mm, eye length 0.42–0.44 mm; paired ocelli width 0.50–0.51 mm, length 0.18–0.19 mm. Coxal styli length 0.62–0.65 mm. Ovipositor length 1.4–1.6 mm. General body color whitish, with brown hypodermal pigment of faint or medium intensity only on antennal base, frons, gena, lateral sides of clypeus, mandible, galea of maxilla. Frons between eyes convex. Color of scales on upper and lower surface of body brown. Antennae shorter than body. Distal chains of flagellum divided into 8–12 annuli. Cercus 0.42–0.46 times as long as body length, with about 21 divisions. Apex of cercus with one large lateral spike (Fig. 6A). Divisions of cerci, except for apical three, with 1–3 colorless supporting macrochaetae on inner side. Compound eye color from dark brown to almost black with light gray tint in central part and near eye contact line. Ratio of length to width of compound eye about 0.86; ratio of contact line length to eye length 0.33–0.35. Paired ocelli shoe-shaped, black with narrow white rim, located in front of eyes. Distance between inner margins of ocelli 0.08–0.10 and between their outer margins 0.96–0.98 total width of compound eyes (Fig. 6B). Apical article of maxillary palpus 1.12–1.14 times as long as preceding one. Dorsal surface of 7 th, 6 th, and 5 th articles of maxillary palpus with 17, 13 or 14, and 8 or 9 hyaline spines, respectively (Figs 6C, D). Apical article of labial palpus triangularly oval, 2.3 or 2.4 times as long as wide (Fig. 6E). Mandibles with four distal teeth (Fig. 6F). Fore and middle femur and tibia widened (Fig. 6G). Ratios of lengths to widths of femur, tibia and tarsus as shown in Table 10. Ratio of length of 3 rd tarsomere to total length of tarsus 0.30–0.31. Ventral surface of femora, tibiae and tarsi with spine-like chaetae as shown in Table 11. Middle and hind legs with coxal styli. Ratio of styli length to width of middle and hind coxae about 1.7. Abdominal segments I–VII with 1 + 1 eversible vesicles (Figs 7A, B). Posterior angle of urosternites II–IV, V, VI, and VII approximately 84–86°, 79°, 67°, and 77°, respectively. Ratios of lengths of urosternite, urocoxite and urostylus (without apical spine) II–IX as shown in Table 12. Inner posterior lobes of urocoxites VII protruding (Fig. 7B); ratio of length to width of one lobe about 0.54. Thoracic tergites, urotergites I–IV, urosternites, urocoxites I–VI without macrochaetae. Distribution of sublateral macrochaetae on other urocoxites and urotergites as shown in Table 12. Urocoxites IX with 1 + 1 outer and 6 + 6 inner sublateral spines. Urotergite X with small thin chaetae (Fig. 7C). Ovipositor weakly sclerotized, thickened, completely concealed by urocoxites IX, typical of genus Charimachilis. Anterior and posterior gonapophyses with 17 and 15 divisions, respectively (Figs 7D, E). Ultimate division of anterior gonapophyses with preapical spine and 2 apical lateral projections, one of which is pointed and sclerotized. Apical spines as long as 2 or 3 apical divisions combined. Anterior gonapophyses with 4 or 5 lateral digging spikes. Posterior gonapophyses with well developed, sclerotized curved apical horn and preapical spine, as long as 2 apical divisions combined. Distribution of sensory and simple chaetae on divisions of anterior and posterior gonapophyses as in Figs 7D, E. Male. Unknown. The species is probably parthenogenetic, similar to most its congeners. Differential diagnosis. Genus Charimachilis Wygodzinsky, 1939 includes 13 described species (KΑΡΓΙΝ 2019). Only females are known in 11 species. This makes it difficult to identify them. Charimachilis rostoviensis sp. nov. most closely resembles C. ukrainensis Stach, 1958 in ovipositor morphology. The main morphological differences between them are shown in Table 13. The posterior angle of urosternites is clearly acute (less than 75°) in C. rostoviensis sp. nov. and almost right (79–86°) in C. ukrainensis from Ukraine. Ratio of cercus length to body length is about 0.3 in C. ukrainensis and more than 0.4 in C. rostoviensis sp. nov. Ratio of stylus length (apical spines excluded) to urocoxite II–VII is 0.6–0.7 in C. ukrainensis and about 0.5 in C. rostoviensis sp. nov. C. rostoviensis sp. nov. is also similar to C. wahrmani Wygodzinsky, 1939 from Turkey in the structure to compound eye, maxillary palpus, urocoxite IX (WΥǤƟĐƶΙΝඌΚΥ 1959). C. wahrmani differs from the new species in ratio of distance between the inner margins of ocelli to the total width of compound eyes, ratio of stylus length to urocoxite VIII, number of sublateral spines on urocoxite IX, and the structure of the anterior and posterior gonapophyses (Table 13). Etymology. The species is named after Rostov-on-Don where it was collected; adjective. Habitats. Old artificial stands of pine Pinus sylvestris L. with undergrowth of Acer tataricum L. in the valley of the Temnik River. Under a trunk of a fallen dead pine.Published as part of Kaplin, Vladimir & Martynov, Vladimir, 2020, Three new species of bristletails of the families Meinertellidae and Machilidae (Archaeognatha) from Ukraine and Southern Russia, pp. 463-474 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (2) on pages 470-473, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.30, http://zenodo.org/record/448947
Trigoniophthalmus ukrainensis Kaplin & Vargovitsh 2020, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Trigoniophthalmus ukrainensis</i> Kaplin, sp. nov. <p>Figs. 15–21</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> <i>Trigoniophthalmus ukrainensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b>, with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles on urocoxites II–V, belongs to the subgenus <i>Trigoniophthalmus</i> s. str., which has been composed of only one species, <i>T. alternatus</i> (Silvestri, 1904). The two species differ in the number of annuli in distal chains of flagellum, and the absence of numerous long, thin chaetae on the undersurface of the male maxillary palp and the dorsal surface of the labial palp.</p> <p> <b>Description.</b> Holotype, male: body length 7.7 mm; body width 1.8 mm; antenna length 4.0 mm (broken); cercal length 3.0 mm. Coxal styli length 0.65–0.68 mm.</p> <p>General body color (in ethanol) yellowish light brown, with brown-violet hypodermal pigment of light to medium intensity on antennal base, frons, gena, lateral sides of clypeus, mandibles, maxillae, hypopharynx, first palpomere of maxillary and labial palpi, labium, labrum and thoracic sterna. Scale color on surface of body light brown or brown. Antennae shorter than body (slightly broken). Distal chains of flagellum divided into 9–12 annuli (two apical chains broken). Clypeus and labrum with long thin chaetae. Cercal length about 0.4 times as long as body length, with two apical spikes, divided into 17 or 18 annuli. Each article of cercus with 2 or 4 rows of scales. Annuli of cerci, except for apical two, with 1 or 2 inner lateral hyaline spines.</p> <p>Compound eyes slightly expanded, black (in ethanol). Length to width ratio of compound eye 0.9; ratio of line of contact to length of eye 0.50. Paired ocelli submedian, subtriangular, dark brown, 1.5 times wider than long. Ratio of distance between inner and outer margins of ocelli to total width of compound eyes 0.10 and 0.51, respectively (Fig. 15).</p> <p>Apical palpomere of maxillary palp 0.86 times as long as preceding one; ratio of length of fifth to fourth palpomere 1.3. Dorsal surface of 7th, 6th and 5th palpomeres of maxillary palp with 11, 9 and 3 hyaline spines, respectively (Fig. 16). Undersurface of maxillary palpomeres and dorsal surface of labial palpomeres without numerous long thin chaetae. Apical labial palpomeres triangular-oval, 2.0 times longer than wide (Fig. 17). Mandibles with three distal teeth (Fig. 18).</p> <p>Fore and middle femora and tibiae widened (Fig. 19). Hind legs longer than forelegs, much longer than middle legs. Hind tarsus 1.15 and 1.25 times longer, respectively, than those of fore and middle legs. Hind tibia 1.17 and 1.34 times longer, respectively, than those of fore and middle legs. Fore femur with narrow sensorial field on the external distal part consisting of 4–5 groups of very small “rosette-shaped” sensilla (Figs. 19, 20), each group containing about 12–16 sensilla. Ratios of length to width of femur, tibia and tarsus of middle leg shorter and relatively wider than those of fore and hind leg (Table 5). Ratio of length of apical hind tarsomere to total length of hind tarsus 0.37. Trochanter, femur and tibia lacking long, thin chaetae. Ventral surface of femora, tibiae and tarsi without pigmented, spine-like macrochaetae. Pretarsi with arolium.</p> <p>Middle and hind legs with coxal styli. Ratio of length of styli to width of middle and hind coxae 1.45 and 1.77, respectively.</p> <p>Urocoxites I, VI and VII with 1+1, II–V with 2 + 2 eversible vesicles. Posterior angle of urosternites II–VI 78–81°, VII 86°, VIII 110°. Length ratios of urosternites, urocoxites and urostyli around 0.5 (Table 6).</p> <p>Thoracic tergites, urotergites I–IV, urosternites, urocoxites I–VIII without spines. Distribution of sublateral spines on urotergites V–X and urocoxites IX with sublateral spines (Table 6). Urocoxites IX with 3 + 3 inner sublateral spines, missing on their outer sides (Fig. 21).</p> <p>Male genitalia with one pair of parameres on urite IX. Parameres with 1 + 5 divisions (Fig. 21), surpassing apex of penis. Penis and parameres completely covered by coxites IX.</p> <p> <b>Material examined.</b> Holotype: male (on slide) (ZIN); Ukraine, Zakarpatska Oblast, Tyachiv District, near Pidplesha, E Carpathians, Krasna Mountain Range, 48°9’25”N, 23°49’1″E, elev. 698 m, Tsherlenyi Kamin Cave System, Kanyon Cave, ~ 5 m from the entrance, 23.01.2000 (R. S. Vargovitsh).</p> <p> <b>Habitats.</b> <i>Trigoniophthalmus ukrainensis</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> was collected on the wall ~ 5 m from the entrance. The present new species exhibits no morphological adaptations to life in caves.</p> <p> <b>Etymology.</b> The new species is named after Ukraine, where it was collected.</p>Published as part of <i>Kaplin, Vladimir & Vargovitsh, Robert S., 2020, New species of bristletails of the family Machilidae (Microcoryphia) from caves in Abkhazia and Ukraine, pp. 530-540 in Zootaxa 4885 (4)</i> on pages 537-538, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4885.4.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4296928">http://zenodo.org/record/4296928</a>
Figs 22–25 in A NEW GENUS AND NEW SPECIES OF BRISTLETAILS OF THE FAMILY NICOLETIIDAE (ZYGENTOMA) FROM SOUTH CHINA
No full textFigs 22–25. Allobrinckina belousovi Kaplin, sp. n., holotype ♂ (22), paratype ♀ (23–25):Published as part of Kaplin, V.G., 2019, A NEW GENUS AND NEW SPECIES OF BRISTLETAILS OF THE FAMILY NICOLETIIDAE (ZYGENTOMA) FROM SOUTH CHINA, pp. 1-12 in Far Eastern Entomologist 390 on page 10, DOI: 10.25221/fee.390.1, http://zenodo.org/record/716489
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