4,501 research outputs found
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
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The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
Observation of psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi
No full textKolcu, Onur Buğra (Arel Author)Using 4.479 x 10(8) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, we search for the decays psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi, where J = 0, 1, 2. The decays psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ) and chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi are observed for the first time. The measured branching fractions are B(psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ)) = (11.7 +/- 2.5 +/- 1.0) x 10(-4), (8.6 +/- 0.3 +/- 0.6) x 10(-4), (6.9 +/- 0.5 +/- 0.6) x 10(-4) for J = 0, 1, 2, and B(chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi) = (1.51 +/- 0.30 +/- 0.13)x10(-4), (3.73 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.25)x10(-3), (2.48 +/- 0.08 +/- 0.16)x10(-3) for J = 0, 1, 2, respectively. The ratios of the branching fractions B(psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(cJ))/B(psi(3686) -> gamma chi(cJ)) and B(chi(cJ) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi)/B(chi(cJ) -> gamma J/psi) are also reported. Also, the alpha values of helicity angular distributions of the e(+)e(-) pair are determined for psi(3686) -> e(+)e(-)chi(c1,2) and chi(c1,2) -> e(+)e(-)J/psi
Modulation of Surface-Initiated ATRP by Confinement: Mechanism and Applications
No full textThe mechanism of surface-initiated atom transfer polymerization (SI-ATRP) of methacrylates in confined volumes is systematically investigated by finely tuning the distance between a grafting surface and an inert plane by means of nanosized patterns and micrometer thick foils. The 0 polymers were synthesized from monolayers of photocleavable initiators, which allow the analysis of detached brushes by size exclusion chromatography (SEC). Compared to brushes synthesized under "open" polymerization mixtures, nearly a 4-fold increase in brush molar mass was recorded When SI-ATRP was performed within highly confined reaction volumes. Correlating the SI-ATRP of methyl methacrylate (MMA), with and without "sacrificial" initiator to that of lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and analyzing the brush growth rates within differently confined Volumes, we demonstrate faster grafting kinetics with increasing confinement due to the progressive hindering of Cu-II-based deactivators from the brush propagating, front. This effect is especially noticeable when viscous polymerization mixtures are generated and enables the synthesis: of several hundred nanometer thick brushes within relatively short polymerization times. The faster rates of confined SI-ATRP can be additionally used to fabricate, in. one pot, precisely structured brush gradients, when volume confinement is continuously varied across a single substrate by spatially tuning the vertical distance between the grafting and the confining surfaces
Entrapment of elongated and crystallographically aligned pores in YBa2Cu3O7-y melt-textured with BaCeO3 addition
No full textCompared to entrapped spherical pores in YBa2Cu3O7-y (123) crystals melt-textured without additives, the pores entrapped within 123 crystals melt-textured with 5 wt% BaCeO3 are elongated and aligned parallel to (100), (010), and (001) growth planes of the 123 crystals. The front side of the pores that meets first the growth front of the 123 crystal is faceted but the backside is wavy. Many BaCeO3 particles are segregated at the wavy surface. The crystallographic alignment of the elongated pores and the segregation of BaCeO3 particles are discussed in terms of the contact angle of the pores on the growth front and interfacial energy relationships between the related phases.This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology(MOST) of Korea
Asymptotic Stability of a Plane CJ Detonation Wave
No full text. We study the asymptotic stability of a plane CJ detonation wave under the assumption of small resolved heat release (SRHR). We prove that the solution exists globally and that the solution converges uniformly to a shifted CJ detonation wave as t!+ 1 for initial data which are small perturbations of the CJ detonation wave. The weighted energy method is used to overcome the difficulty arising from the sonic property at the end of the reaction. The SRHR model allows us to treat the non-monotone spike in the profile of the CJ detonation wave by the characteristic energy estimate. Key words. CJ detonation, shock wave, traveling wave, sonic point, asymptotic behavior, weighted energy estimate, characteristic energy estimate. AMS(MOS) subject classifications. 35L65, 35B40, 35B50, 76L05, 76J10. Acknowledgments. The author is grateful to Prof. T.-P. Liu for pointing out the reference of Matsumura and Nishihara to her. This work was partially supported by ONR N00014-92-J-1890. 1 Introduc..
Observation of chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0)
No full textKolcu, Onur Buğra (Arel Author)By analyzing (448.1 +/- 2.9) x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII collider, the decays of chi(c)(J) -> 4K(S)(0) (J = 0, 1, 2) are observed for the first time with statistical significances of 26.5 sigma, 5.9 sigma and 11.4 sigma, respectively. The product branching fractions of psi(3686) -> gamma chi(cJ), chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0 )are presented, and the branching fractions of chi(cJ) -> 4K(S)(0) decays are determined to be B-chi c0 -> 4KS0 = (5.76 +/- 0.34 +/- 0.38) x 10(-4), B-chi c1 -> 4KS0 = (0.35 +/- 0.09 +/- 0.03) x 10(-4) and B-chi c2 -> 4KS0( )= (1.14 +/- 0.15 +/- 0.08) x 10(-4), where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second are systematic, respectively
Helicity amplitude analysis of χ cJ → ϕϕ
No full textAbstract Using (447.9 ± 2.3) million ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, the decays of χ cJ → ϕϕ (J = 0, 1, 2) have been studied via the decay ψ(3686) → γχ cJ . The branching fractions of the decays χ cJ → ϕϕ (J = 0, 1, 2) are determined to be (8.59 ± 0.27 ± 0.20) × 10 −4, (4.26 ± 0.13 ± 0.15) × 10 −4, and (12.67 ± 0.28 ± 0.33) × 10 −4, respectively, which are the most precise measurements to date. From a helicity amplitude analysis of the process ψ(3686) → γχ cJ , χ cJ → ϕϕ, ϕ → K + K − , the polarization parameters of the χ cJ → ϕϕ decays are determined for the first time
Helicity amplitude analysis of χ→ ϕϕ
No full textUsing (447.9 ± 2.3) million ψ(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector, the decays of χ→ ϕϕ (J = 0, 1, 2) have been studied via the decay ψ(3686) → γχ. The branching fractions of the decays χ→ ϕϕ (J = 0, 1, 2) are determined to be (8.59 ± 0.27 ± 0.20) × 10, (4.26 ± 0.13 ± 0.15) × 10, and (12.67 ± 0.28 ± 0.33) × 10, respectively, which are the most precise measurements to date. From a helicity amplitude analysis of the process ψ(3686) → γχ, χ→ ϕϕ, ϕ → KK, the polarization parameters of the χ→ ϕϕ decays are determined for the first time.[graphic not available: see fulltext
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