51 research outputs found
Reti: CIB W78: 32nd international conference in “Information Technology for Construction”, Eindhoven, Netherlands, October 2015
No full textBuilding Information Modeling (BIM) is an emerging methodology in the building industry, since the intelligent digital three-dimensional model-based process of BIM can be used to plan, design, structure, manage, and analysis buildings. The aim of this report paper is to provide information about the latest related topic in BIM field connecting to CIB W78 conferenece
A multi-methodology and sustainability-supporting framework for implementation and assessment of a holistic building renovation
Full text linkLa ristrutturazione degli edifici in futuro dovrà essere condotta secondo una prospettiva più olistica legata alla sostenibilità vista in una più ampia gamma di obiettivi/criteri e facilitata dagli scenari di ristrutturazione possibili. La ristrutturazione degli edifici dovrebbe servire a migliorarne le performance al fine di soddisfare le esigenze degli utenti, rendendo questi ultimi meno vulnerabili in relazione ai futuri costi energetici. Vi è un grande potenziale per ridurre il consumo di energia negli edifici esistenti. Tuttavia, ciò non deve comprometterè i valori architettonici e di qualità che rendono particolari. Pertanto, non possono essere semplicemente rinnovati, ma devono subire una profonda trasformazione per rispettare una vasta gamma di obiettivi/criteri. Ciò conduce a perseguire in parallelo obiettivi/criteri "hard" (criteri quantitativi/misurabili, come il consumo di energia o la generazione di energia) e obiettivi/criteri "soft" (criteri qualitativi/non misurabili, come la qualità spaziale). Questi obiettivi possono essere raggiunti se vengono generati scenari di ristrutturazione olistici ogni volta che gli edifici vengono rinnovati, concentrando l'attenzione su entrambi gli obiettivi/criteri menzionati (“hard” e “soft”). In questo contesto, la principale differenza tra una ristrutturazione profonda ed una “ordinaria” consiste nell’adozione di un approccio olistico in cui gli obiettivi/criteri sono individuati sin dall'inizio delle fasi di progettazione e successivamente sono considerati per la loro interdipendenza attraverso un aproccio sostenibile.
Recenti ricerche hanno rivelato che gli attuali sforzi non sono sufficienti per perseguire obiettivi sostenibili nei progetti di ristrutturazione edilizia. Ciò dimostra che la combinazione delle sfide tipiche di un retrofit sostenibile, dalla teoria alla fase di attuazione, manca di una metodologia di progettazione appropriata. Si dovrebbe prendere in considerazione inizialmente l'adeguamento dei progetti al fine di interagire con i diversi soggetti interessati e quindi perseguire pienamente gli obiettivi/criteri di sostenibilità. Si dovrebbe aiutare a identificare, gestire e valutare gli obiettivi olistici tra le varie alternative di retrofit durante le fasi iniziali di progettazione. In quest’ottica la presente tesi è stata sviluppata secondo i seguenti obiettivi:
a) Considerare la ristrutturazione edilizia come un problema complesso.. In quanto tale, fornire dettagli su come combinando metodi ”soft” (Soft Systems Methodologies) e MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making Methods) si può essere in grado di far fronte alla sua complessità. Di conseguenza, sviluppare una metodologia, denominata “Multi-metodologia olistica per il rinnovamento delle costruzioni” - HMSR. L'HMSR è uno strumento che consente di strutturare i problemi di retrofit in conformità ai criteri di sostenibilità ,sostenendo il processo decisionale e contribuiendo a sviluppare scenari di retrofit più adeguati.
b) Mettere a punto un nuovo quadro di supporto decisionale semplificato, sostenibile, olistico, che si applica alle strutture dell'ambiente costruito per progetti di ristrutturazione. Il quadro sviluppato può essere applicato in diverse fasi del progetto e contribuire alla considerazione delle questioni di sostenibilità attraverso il supporto del processo decisionale e della comunicazione con i soggetti interessati. Va notato che il quadro può essere considerato non solo come modello astratto, ma anche come metodo di progettazione, nonché per valutare e confrontare progetti di ristrutturazione.
c) Esaminare lo sviluppo di un sistema di supporto decisionale - DSS per la generazione di scenari di ristrutturazione con l'obiettivo di rappresentare e identificare le dipendenze esistenti. Come tali, gli obiettivi/criteri di sostenibilità della ristrutturazione edilizia e l'intero elenco di approcci di ristrutturazione vengono esplorati e strutturati attraverso lo sviluppo di una “matrice di mappatura di dominio” - DMM. Il maggiore vantaggio del DMM consiste nella sua capacità di fornire una mappatura sistematizzata di voci (rappresentate da righe e colonne) chiare e facili da leggere, a meno della rispettiva dimensione. Essa considera e dimostra quali sono i valori (obiettivi/criteri di sostenibilità), come possono essere creati (applicazione di approcci di ristrutturazione) e dove il valore può essere aggiunto generando scenari di ristrutturazione integrati (utilizzo del DMM).
d) Espandere un quadro concettuale nell'ambito del progetto “Tectonic Sustainable Building Design” (TSBD). Il TSBD persegue l'interazione tra architettura, obiettivi di sostenibilità e un processo di progettazione “attrezzato”. È quindi legato alla Tettonica (riferendosi alla teoria architettonica), alla sostenibilità (riferendosi agli obiettivi olistici) ed alla multi-metodologia olistica - HMSR (riferendosi alla metodologia di progettazione integrata). Focalizzandosi sulla TSBD nel campo della ristrutturazione edilizia è possibile definire una strategia che collega le intenzioni della trasformazione architettonica ed il modo in cui queste vengono percepite dall'utente/proprietario dell'edificio. Una volta stabilita la strategia, questa è destinata a servire da base per raffinare e migliorare l'industria dell'edilizia contemporanea vista alla luce della sostenibilità, sostenendo il processo decisionale nello sviluppo di scenari di ristrutturazione olistici.
La strategia di ricerca impiegata in questa tesi presenta caratteristiche di due tipi: qualitativa e inter transdisciplinare. Richiede pertanto un approccio di ricerca induttivo e coinvolge un approccio interpretativo e un'analisi comparativa. Per arricchire e convalidare gli elementi e i principi degli obiettivi summenzionati, la tesi analizza 10 progetti europei di ricerca per la ristrutturazione, il database danese SIGMA (di Molio ), nonché un caso studio che collega un progetto di ricerca di ristrutturazione in corso, intitolato RE-VALUE . Il caso studio si riferisce alla sezione 3 di Skovgårdsparken situata a Brabrand, in Danimarca. È un complesso residenziale sociale (di nove blocchi) ed è stato ristrutturato da Brabrand Housing Association.
Il futuro della ricerca condotta per l’elaborazione di questa tesi riguarderà l'espansione del quadro TSBD per la progettazione degli edifici in generale. Ciò significherà spostare l’attenzione dalla ristrutturazione degli edifici alla progettazione del nuovo.Future building renovation concerns more holistic perspectives related to the sustainability seen in a wider range of objectives/criteria facilitated by the renovation scenarios. Renovation should be a means of improving and developing buildings to meet the needs and challenges of the future and of making homeowners and tenants less vulnerable due to rising energy costs in the future. There is a great potential for reducing energy consumption in existing buildings. However, that does not mean compromising on the quality and architectural values that make the buildings special. Therefore, existing buildings cannot simply be renovated, but must undergo a deep transformation to comply with wider range of objectives/criteria. That includes and addresses the “hard” objectives/criteria (quantitative/measurable criteria such as energy consumption or energy generation) and the “soft” objectives/criteria (qualitative/immeasurable criteria such as spatial quality) in parallel. These objectives both can be achieved, if holistic renovation scenarios are generated each time the buildings are renovated by focus on addressing both the mentioned objectives/criteria. In this framework, the major difference between a deep building renovation and an ordinary one is a commitment to a holistic approach in which objectives/criteria are targeted early in the design stages and subsequently are considered for their interdependence throughout sustainability perspectives.
A review of recent research has revealed that the present efforts on sustainable objectives fulfilment in renovation projects are not sufficient. It demonstrates compounding the typical challenges of a sustainable retrofitting from theory to implement stages is lack of an appropriate design methodology. It should take into account retrofitting projects initially in order to interact with the different stakeholders and then to embark on the sustainability objectives/criteria in its full sense. It should assist to identify, manage, and evaluate the holistic objectives among various alternative retrofitting solutions during the early design stages. In this perspective, the present thesis has been developed according to the following objectives:
a) It primarily considers building renovation as a complex messy/wicked problem. As such, it gives details on how combinations of methods that are parts of SSM (Soft Systems Methodologies) and MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making Methods) are able to cope with its complexity. It consequently develops a methodology, which is entitled Holistic Multi-methodology for Building Renovation – HMSR. The HMSR serve as a means to structure retrofitting problems in accordance with the sustainability in its full sense to support the decision-making and help to develop most appropriate retrofitting scenarios.
b) It addresses a new simplified holistic sustainability decision-making support framework, which applies to the structures of the built environment for building renovation projects. The developed framework can be applied during different project stages and to assist in the consideration of the sustainability issues through support of decision-making and communication with relevant stakeholders. It should be noted that, the framework can be considered not only as an abstract model but a bound method of planning and design as well as evaluating and comparing retrofitting projects.
c) It investigates development of a Decision Support System - DSS for generating renovation scenarios with the aims to represent and navigate across existing dependencies. As such, the renovation sustainability objectives/criteria and the entire list of renovation approaches are discovered, explored and structured through development of a Domain Mapping Matrix - DMM. A major advantage of the DMM is in its compactness and ability to provide a systematic mapping among the items (represented in rows and columns) that is clear and easy to read regardless of size. It considers and demonstrates what the values are (sustainability objectives/criteria), how they can be created (application of renovation approaches), and where the value can be added by generation of the integrated renovation scenarios (use of the DMM) in renovation context.
d) It expands a conceptual framework under the topic of Tectonic Sustainable Building Design (TSBD). The TSBD seeks for interaction between architecture, sustainability objectives and an equipped design process. It is therefore attached to the tectonics (refers to architectural theory), the sustainability (refers to the holistic objectives) and a holistic multi-methodology - HMSR (refers to the integrated design methodology). By focusing on TSBD thinking in the field of building renovation, one forms a strategy of establishing a link between the intentions embedded in the architectural transformation and the way these are perceived by the user/owner of the building. Once this is established, the framework is intended to serve as a platform for refining and improving the contemporary building industry seen in the light of sustainability, by supporting the decision-making in the development of holistic renovation scenarios.
The research strategy employed in this thesis presents characteristics of two research types, namely the qualitative research approach, and the inter- or transdisciplinary research throughout mode 2. It therefore calls for an inductive research approach and involves an interpretive approach and comparative analysis to its subject matter. In order to enrich and validate the elements and principles of the above objectives, the thesis analyses 10 European renovation research projects, the Danish SIGMA database (by Molio ), as well as a case study linking to an ongoing renovation research project which is entitled RE-VALUE . The case study is Section 3 of Skovgårdsparken located in Brabrand, Denmark. It is a social housing complex (including nine blocks), and has been renovated by Brabrand Housing Association.
The future of the research in this thesis concerns expanding of the TSBD framework for Building Design in general. That means move from building renovation to design of new buildings
Sustainability focused decision-making in building renovation
Full text linkAn overview of recent research related to building renovation has revealed that efforts to date do not address sustainability issues comprehensively. The question then arises in regard to the holistic sustainability objectives within building renovation context. In order to deal with this question, the research adopts a multi-dimensional approach involving literature review, exploration of existing assessment methods and methodologies, individual and focus group interviews, and application of Soft Systems Methodologies (SSM) with Value Focused Thinking (VFT). In doing so, appropriate data about sustainability objectives have been collected and structured, and subsequently verified using a Delphi study. A sustainability framework was developed in cooperation with University of Palermo and Aarhus University to audit, develop and assess building renovation performance, and support decision-making during the project’s lifecycle. The paper represents the results of research aiming at addressing sustainability of the entire renovation effort including new categories, criteria, and indicators. The developed framework can be applied during different project stages and to assist in the consideration of the sustainability issues through support of decision-making and communication with relevant stakeholders. Early in a project, it can be used to identify key performance criteria, and later to evaluate/compare the pros and cons of alternative retrofitting solutions either during the design stage or upon the project completion. According to the procedure of the consensus-based process for the development of an effective sustainability decision-making framework which was employed in this study, the outcome can also be considered as an outset step intended for the establishment of a Decision Support Systems (DSS) and assessment tool suited to building renovation context
Towards the development of a Decision Support System (DSS) for building renovation: Domain Mapping Matrix (DMM) for sustainability renovation criteria and renovation approaches
No full textFuture building renovation concerns more holistic perspectives related to the sustainability seen in a wider range of objectives/criteria facilitated by the renovation scenarios. In this regard, based on the studies upon existing sustainability evaluation and assessment tools carried out in previous research works, a characteristic diagram including a value map for evaluating a holistic sustainable retrofitting was developed. Further, in present paper, by reviewing the relevant literature, looking into recent European renovation research projects, the Danish SIGMA database, and investigation of a real case, a comprehensive list of renovation approaches (i.e. insulation technologies, windows replacement etc.) were classified in 26 categories. Using empirical information, this paper expands the Domain Mapping Matrix (DMM) between the recently developed criteria (18 criteria including 118 sub-criteria) and renovation approaches (26 categories including 139 alternatives). The aim is to consider how is the dependency between renovation approaches while they meet different criteria or sub-criteria, and vice versa, regarding to the selection of the criteria versus application of some possible renovation approaches. Developing Decision Support Systems (DSS) for generation of sustainable building renovation scenarios is ultimately an intricate, challenging task. The increasing complexity of decision problems regarding to the fulfilment of sustainability objectives/criteria, the growing number of subjects involved and keen competition between conflicting costs and interests make decisions-making difficult. Developing a DMM enhances the required insight for the development of an operational system for architecture of decision-makings. It has a strong effect to deal with existing complexity regarding to the large number of renovation approaches and various sustainability objectives/criteria. Added to this, the DMM can be used for understanding and tracking of the value (or added value) regarding to the other criteria (i.e. spatial quality) while the focus is on optimization of some common criteria i.e., improvement of energy efficiency or reduction of investment cost
Analysis and reflection on the green, low-carbon, and energy-saving design of the super high-rise building
Full text linkShanghai Tower has become a new landmark of Shanghai. In the current trend advocating green building and energy efficiency, considerations of wind loads and thermal characteristics of the perimeter structure of Shanghai Tower are crucial. This paper conducts comparative simulation studies on the wind environment of Shanghai Tower using Ecotect software, and stress analyses and thermal simulations of the perimeter structure using ANSYS software. The study compared three buildings’ surface wind pressure distributions using models with equal-volume and circular cross-sections. We found that the unique exterior design of the Shanghai Tower results in a more regular and uniform distribution of wind pressure on its surface compared to both circular and square planar models, with a lower average wind pressure value. In addition, the stress analysis results indicate significant differences in deformation and stress distribution between the windward and leeward sides. Enhancing the bending moment detection of the peripheral structure and optimizing the layout of detection points are recommended. Thermal simulation results show excessive heat conduction flux in winter conditions, suggesting optimization using passive energy-saving methods such as light-sensitive thermal insulation materials during winter. This research is a reference for designing other super-tall buildings prioritizing low-carbon energy efficiency and structural safety
Towards a Holistic Methodology in Sustainable Retrofitting: Theory, Implementation and Application
No full textSustainability paradigm foresees a balance of energy production and consumption with no, or minimal, negative impact on environment (within the environmental tolerance limits). It gives an opportunity to a country to employ its potentiality of the social and economic activities. An overview of recent researches about building renovation context demonstrates the lack of an appropriate methodology and decision support framework -by compounding the typical challenges of sustainable retrofitting from theory to implement stages- that takes into account the retrofitting projects throughout more comprehensive insights and perspectives. It calls, therefore, for a deep building renovation approach. The major difference between a deep building renovation project and an ordinary one is commitment to a holistic approach. From one side, it initially should be able to deal with the society including various stakeholders with different priorities and barriers -on the top of the list is behavioral barriers about energy consumption- in order to improve their learning; to the other side, it has to perform multiple optimization through sustainability development perspective in its full sense. The intent is to identify, manage, and evaluate the renovation objectives through different available retrofitting alternatives during the early design stages. In this framework, the paper considers building renovation as a complex messy/wicked problem and later it gives details on how combinations of methods that are parts of SSM (Soft Systems Methodologies) and MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making) may support multiple perspectives of such a problem. The aim is to promote a methodology which is initially able to deal with complexity of the detected problem and subsequently to address building renovation process in order to involve the various stakeholders in the design process [and keep them involved in all design stages]. Doing so leads to more effective and sustainable retrofitting actions within different criteria including functionality, feasibility, and accountability
Towards a Holistic Approach to Retrofitting: A Critical Review of Stateof-the-art Evaluation Methodologies for Architectural Transformation
No full textThe building sector is well known to be responsible for a considerable part of the total European energy consumption. In the endeavor to implement radical reductions, there is an identified potential in addressing the existing building stock through deep renovations. These renovations make up complex, highly interdisciplinary systems. They involve stakeholders across a broad spectrum of disciplines and potentially affect the lives of a large number of occupants. The involved people bring different understandings of value in sustainability into a project and judge the outcome according to this understanding.
As a response to this, a number of sustainable assessment methodologies for the building industry, and specifically for that of retrofitting, have been developed to assist in the decision-making processes and ensure targeted results. However, these methodologies themselves represent a stance on sustainability as they assign weight to different sustainability indicators. As such, the same design may be assessed differently according to the chosen tool. As part of the research project RE-VALUE, this paper presents an evaluation of current practices in a Danish context through a systematic literature review of existing assessment tools. The paper presents the results of a metasynthesis, which highlights the focus areas of the individual tool as well as patterns and relationships between the tools. Based on the review we discuss a noticeable focus on quantitative, technical values in today’s ‘assessment practice’ and put forward the hypothesis that there is a need to rank qualitative, ‘non-technical’ values alongside quantitative values in order to deliver significantly improved building performance, which benefits the people who inhabit the built environment. This hypothesis is substantiated through an additional literature review, from which we propose a need to develop a holistic methodology for assessing architectural transformations in deep renovations
Sustainable Renovation Framework: Introducing three levels of Integrated Design Process Implementation and Evaluation
No full textFuture sustainable building renovation is a balance between the economic and environmental impacts related to the desired social activities facilitated by the renovated building. A review of recent research has revealed that the present efforts on sustainable objectives fulfilment in renovation projects are not sufficient. This paper investigates processes and frameworks in building renovation. It aims to deal with simplification of the existing complexity due to involvement of various types of stakeholders, sustainability criteria and potential renovation technologies in design process. Moreover, it facilitates understanding of the design process implementation through identification of the different activities, which need to be carried out. Hereafter, two frameworks by application of different Multiple Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) methods are developed and for each one, three levels of decision-making and the required activities are provided. Finally, the decision-making at the third level is considered as a scientific design approach and is introduced as an integrated design process implementation and evaluation for the use of sustainability value-oriented criteria in design process. It helps stakeholders in the renovation process to discuss their project “on the same level” and results to make transparent decisions in a rational order
Tectonic Sustainable Building Design for the Development of Renovation Scenarios – Analysis of ten European renovation research projects
No full textThe investigation of 10 European building renovation research projects presented in this paper demonstrates that recent research in this field is currently centralized around quantifiable objectives i.e. development of energy efficient renovation scenarios, whereas the more qualitative objectives in renovation projects such as aesthetics, identity and/or social dimensions are rarely addressed. Furthermore, the result of this investigation together with the recent researches about the current practice of building renovation indicates that many of renovated buildings, which now are claimed to be sustainable are not addressing all aspects of a conventional definition of sustainability. Lastly, through the lens of tectonic architectural theory, there seems to be little use of design methodologies that includes all project stakeholders (i.e. architects, engineers, clients) in identifying truly sustainable solutions in a holistic perspective. To address these identified shortcomings in current approaches to sustainable building renovation, we propose the use of a design framework called ‘Tectonic Sustainable Building Design’, which draws upon the concepts Tectonics (an architectural articulation theory), Sustainability (the use of holistic design objectives) and a Holistic Multi-Methodology for Sustainable Renovation (an integrated design methodology). ‘Tectonic Sustainable Building Design’ deals with renovation projects as an architectural transformation, and intents to enable designers to form a strategy that establishes a link between the intentions of an architectural transformation and the way it is perceived by the user/owner of buildings. Once this is established, the framework is intended to serve as a platform for refining and improving the contemporary building industry seen in the light of sustainability, by supporting the decision-making in the development of holistic renovation scenarios
- …
