2,902 research outputs found
Rossellinae
No full textSubfamily Rossellinae Schulze, 1885Published as part of Kahn, Amanda S., Geller, Jonathan B., Reiswig, Henry M. & Smith, Kenneth L., 2013, Bathydorus laniger and Docosaccus maculatus (Lyssacinosida; Hexactinellida): Two new species of glass sponge from the abyssal eastern North Pacific Ocean, pp. 386-400 in Zootaxa 3646 (4) on page 388, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3646.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/22347
Lyssacinosida Zittel 1877
No full textOrder Lyssacinosida Zittel, 1877Published as part of <i>Kahn, Amanda S., Geller, Jonathan B., Reiswig, Henry M. & Smith, Kenneth L., 2013, Bathydorus laniger and Docosaccus maculatus (Lyssacinosida; Hexactinellida): Two new species of glass sponge from the abyssal eastern North Pacific Ocean, pp. 386-400 in Zootaxa 3646 (4)</i> on page 388, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3646.4.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/223479">http://zenodo.org/record/223479</a>
Rossellidae Schulze 1885
No full textFamily Rossellidae Schulze, 1885Published as part of <i>Kahn, Amanda S., Geller, Jonathan B., Reiswig, Henry M. & Smith, Kenneth L., 2013, Bathydorus laniger and Docosaccus maculatus (Lyssacinosida; Hexactinellida): Two new species of glass sponge from the abyssal eastern North Pacific Ocean, pp. 386-400 in Zootaxa 3646 (4)</i> on page 388, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3646.4.4, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/223479">http://zenodo.org/record/223479</a>
FIGURE 1 in Bathydorus laniger and Docosaccus maculatus (Lyssacinosida; Hexactinellida): Two new species of glass sponge from the abyssal eastern North Pacific Ocean
No full textFIGURE 1. Collection location of two new species of glass sponges with a unique plate-like morphology: Station M (4,100 m depth, 34º50'N, 123º0'W), a long-term abyssal study site in the northeast Pacific.Published as part of Kahn, Amanda S., Geller, Jonathan B., Reiswig, Henry M. & Smith, Kenneth L., 2013, Bathydorus laniger and Docosaccus maculatus (Lyssacinosida; Hexactinellida): Two new species of glass sponge from the abyssal eastern North Pacific Ocean, pp. 386-400 in Zootaxa 3646 (4) on page 387, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3646.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/22347
Temporal changes in deep-sea sponge populations are correlated to changes in surface climate and food supply
No full textDensity and average size of two species of abyssal sponges were analyzed at Station M (?4100 m depth) over an 18-year time-series (1989–2006) using camera sled transects. Both sponge taxa share a similar plate-like morphology despite being within different families, and both showed similar variations in density and average body size over time, suggesting that the same factors may control the demographics of both species. Peaks in significant cross correlations between increases in particulate organic carbon flux and corresponding increases in sponge density occurred with a time lag of 13 months. Sponge density also fluctuated with changes in two climate indices: the NOI with a time lag of 18 months and NPGO with a time lag of 15 months. The results support previous suggestions that increased particulate organic carbon flux may induce recruitment or regeneration in deep-sea sponges. It is unknown whether the appearance of young individuals results from recruitment, regeneration, or both, but the population responses to seasonal and inter-annual changes in food supply demonstrate that sponge populations are dynamic and are capable of responding to inter-annual changes despite being sessile and presumably slow-growing
Modification of nektonic fish distribution by piers and pile fields in an urban estuary
No full textLarge urban piers degrade habitat value for several estuarine benthic fish species by shading, but their effects on mobile nektonic species is less well understood due to sampling challenges. Dual Frequency Identification Sonar (DIDSON) allowed equal access to sampling in the water column of structured shaded and unshaded vs. open environments in both dark and light conditions by methods similar to video but without light. Sampling (n = 228, 5-minute transects) occurred under and around four large municipal piers of varying dimensions in the Hudson River estuary during day and night from summer and fall in 2007 - 2009. The distribution of small (5 - 25 cm in length) and large (25 – 850 cm) fishes were analyzed separately in recognition of functional guild differences. Small fishes occupied open water, shaded under-pier, and un-decked relict piling habitats, but were significantly more abundant during the day in open unshaded water than under adjacent piers or in piling habitats.. Small fish occurred under 3 of 4 piers of varying size and configuration at 10 - 20% of the median abundances of adjacent open water. However, while schools were rare under piers they could be very large, so that abundance greatly exceeded mean open water abundance variance so as to preclude confidence in differences among piers. The differences among habitats was not significant at night, and the difference among piers was also not significant at night. School membership for small fish appeared to mitigate adverse effects of shading and may influence scaling of their response to shading and could therefore influence pier design. Large (>25 cm) predatory fish were uncommon but responded similarly to habitat effects as did small fish. Habitats did not segregate fish by guild as small forage fish co-occurred in 65.8% of samples with large piscivores. Studies that provide species-specific and mechanistic interpretation of dynamic habitat use as well as further quantification of scaling effects could improve our understanding of how fishes respond to piers and other structures on urban shorelines.Peer reviewed
Kenneth M Alexander - Author and Artist
No full textI was born to Dennis and Kathleen Alexander in a single motor garage at 21 Limerick Road in Athlone. In those days, the midwife would do her rounds on a bicycle at the time when the stork was seen flying over the now-collapsed, missing going, gone forever Athlone Towers. Either that or she went to the foot of Table Mountain and placed a hollowed out pumpkin with a precision cut hole in one side. The monkey would come, stick his or her hand in the hole, grab some pips and in trying to pull its hand out in a fist, it gets stuck. The midwife then pounces on the helpless monkey, knocks it out with her case, and then stuffs "it" into that same black case and off she motors on her "dik" wheel bicycle to deliver the latest addition to an Athlone family. The monkey cries with relief when let out of the case. I have since moved on from that belief system. For some reason, the majority of the employers I worked for still believe that. In fact, far too many white people still do. To them we are monkeys and they pay us with peanuts
Kenneth M. Ford
No full textKenneth Ford is Founder and Chief Executive Officer of the Florida Institute for Human & Machine Cognition (IHMC) — a not-for-profit research institute located in Pensacola, Florida. IHMC has grown into one of the nation’s premier research organizations with world-class scientists and engineers investigating a broad range of topics related to building technological systems aimed at amplifying and extending human cognition, perception, locomotion and resilience. Richard Florida has described IHMC as “a new model for interdisciplinary research institutes that strive to be both entrepreneurial and academic, firmly grounded and inspiringly ambitious.” IHMC headquarters are in Pensacola with a branch research facility in Ocala, Florida.
Dr. Ford is the author of hundreds of scientific papers and six books. Dr. Ford’s research interests include: artificial intelligence, cognitive science, human-centered computing, and entrepreneurship in government and academia. Dr. Ford received his Ph.D. in Computer Science from Tulane University. He is Emeritus Editor-in-Chief of AAAI/MIT Press and has been involved in the editing of several journals. Ford is a Fellow of the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), a charter Fellow of the National Academy of Inventors, a member of the Association for Computing Machinery, a member of the IEEE Computer Society, and a member of the National Association of Scholars. Ford has received many awards and honors including the Doctor Honoris Causas from the University of Bordeaux in 2005 and the 2008 Robert S. Englemore Memorial Award for his work in artificial intelligence (AI). In 2012 Tulane University named Ford its Outstanding Alumnus in the School of Science and Engineering. In 2015, the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence named Dr. Ford the recipient of the 2015 Distinguished Service Award. Also in 2015, Dr. Ford was elected as Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). In 2017 Dr. Ford was inducted into the Florida Inventor’s Hall of Fame.
In January 1997, Dr. Ford was asked by NASA to develop and direct its new Center of Excellence in Information Technology at the Ames Research Center in Silicon Valley. He served as Associate Center Director and Director of NASA’s Center of Excellence in Information Technology. In July 1999, Dr. Ford was awarded the NASA Outstanding Leadership Medal. That same year, Ford returned to private life and to the IHMC.
In October of 2002, President George W. Bush nominated Dr. Ford to serve on the National Science Board (NSB) and the United States Senate confirmed his nomination in March of 2003. The NSB is the governing board of the National Science Foundation (NSF) and plays an important role in advising the President and Congress on science policy issues. In 2005, Dr. Ford was appointed and sworn in as a member of the Air Force Science Advisory Board.
In 2007, he became a member of the NASA Advisory Council and on October 16, 2008, Dr. Ford was named as Chairman – a capacity in which he served until October 2011. In August 2010, Dr. Ford was awarded NASA’s Distinguished Public Service Medal – the highest honor the agency confers.
In February of 2012, Dr. Ford was named to a two-year term on the Defense Science Board (DSB) and in 2013, he became a member of the Advanced Technology Board (ATB) which supports the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI). In 2018, Dr. Ford was appointed to the National Security Commission on Artificial Intelligence.https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-bios-2019/1005/thumbnail.jp
Carceral (im)mobilities: theorizing mobility crises and state control
No full textThis submission should replace a similar and previous transmission, which was sent yesterday (June 30, 2020). Thank you
Bathydorus laniger Kahn, Geller, Reiswig & Smith, 2013, new species
No full textBathydorus laniger, new species (Fig. 2–4, Table 1) Holotype. Stored at SIO-BIC (P 1538), coll. A. S. Kahn using MBARI ROV Tiburon, dive T 1094 from R/V Western Flyer, 3,950 m depth, Station M (34 º 50 ’N, 123 º0’W), 0 5 June 2007. Other material examined. Paratypes: CASIZ 190478, 190479, MBARI Sponges 1 a, 1 b, 2 a, 2 b, 3 coll. H. Ruhl using MBARI ROV Tiburon, from R/V Western Flyer, 4,000 m depth, Station M, 21–23 September 2007. SIO-IZ P 1463, coll. K. L. Smith using otter trawl, PULSE 46, depth ~ 4,100 m, Station M, February 2005. Diagnosis. Bathydorus with dermal and atrial layer of stauractins; hypodermal pentactins smooth; microscleres usually only oxyhexasters and oxyhemihexasters, small oxyhexactins rarely found. Body shape platelike with dermal surface facing downward, toward the seafloor. A fringe of marginal prostalia protrudes from the perimeter and solitary pleural prostalia project from the dermal surface, inserting into the substrate and providing anchorage. No major oscula present, but usually one small hole in center of dermal surface may represent a residual osculum; color white on seafloor, becoming beige from sediment fouling during collection. Description of holotype. Holotype (Fig. 2) 38 cm diameter at longest axis, 1–3 mm thick. The atrial surface is smooth and faces up away from seafloor, while the dermal surface contains long (> 5 cm), solitary prostal diactins that project down into the sediments and anchor the sponge. Marginal prostals project from the perimeter forming a fringe around the sponge, and are angled slightly toward the sediments. Neither surface has recognizable ostial or oscular apertures, but spacing between nodes in the stauractin framework is 78.8 ± 9.4 µm (mean ± SD). A large hole perforates the center, leaving a concavity in the atrial surface. Live specimens at depth are white; once disturbed and brought to the surface they can appear beige from sediment fouling. Sponges have a crunchy but pliable texture. Lyssacine framework. Moving from the lower dermal to the upper atrial surface, the outermost layer of the dermal surface is a single layer of stauractins, networked together but not fused. Proximal to the stauractin layer are large, smooth, hypodermal pentactins arranged semi-regularly, with proximal rays pointing toward the choanosome and tangential rays nearly aligning with the distal stauractin network. The choanosomal layer is primarily comprised of long diactins but also contains scattered oxyhemihexasters. A layer of small hypoatrial hexactins is irregularly arranged distal to the choanosome, and a final layer of networked stauractins finishes off the atrial surface (summarized in Fig. 3). The channel system could not be determined, but the dermal surface appears to have regularly spaced openings among the stauractin network (80 µm diameter) while the atrial surface has a fine mesh with no distinctive oscula. Spicules. Spicule forms are shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 and dimensions are provided in Table 1. Megascleres include stauractins, pentactins, diactins, and hexactins. Microscleres range from oxyhexactins to oxyhexasters and oxyhemihexasters. The outermost dermal layer is a network of small rough stauractine dermalia (Fig. 4 a) with a layer of large, smooth hypodermal pentactins (Fig. 4 c) immediately proximal to it. Oxyhexasters and oxyhemihexasters with one to three secondary rays branching from each primary ray (Fig. 4 e) are scattered among the longer proximal rays of the pentactins. Long choanosomal diactins in the center provide internal structure along with the proximal rays of the pentactins. A swelling halfway along the length of the diactins contains the axial cross and the four vestigial axial filaments that would make up a hexactine spicule; the tips are slightly rough (Fig. 4 d). The outermost atrial surface also begins with a layer of rough stauractine atrialia, followed immediately by a proximal, hypoatrial layer of small rough hexactins with all rays approximately the same length (Fig. 4 b). Diactine prostalia project as both marginalia and pleuralia to provide anchorage in the sediments, acting as functional basalia. The prostal diactins project tangentially from the dermal surface or margin, then curve toward the seafloor. Thin siliceous strands spiral around the proximal ends of the prostalia, but they diminish as distance from the main body increases. No central swellings or tubercles are observed along the length of the prostal diactins. The tips of the prostalia were smooth and each tapered to a point. No major differences were observed between diactins comprising pleural prostalia versus marginal prostalia, except that marginal prostalia were slightly thinner and were straighter than pleural prostalia, which curled into the sediments. Description of other material. Whole paratypes collected using a remotely operated vehicle were easily recognizable in ROV video by the laterally protruding marginalia. The trawled paratype stored at SIO-BIC was broken and filled with mud from the collections, but spicule organization remained the same, with all spicule types present. Etymology. The species name, laniger, refers to the fringe of marginal spicules along the perimeter of the sponge, giving it a “hairy” appearance. Gene sequences. Ribosomal DNA from 18 S, 28 S, and 16 S, plus mitochondrial COI were amplified and sequenced from the holotype in two previously published molecular phylogenies (Dohrmann et al. 2009, 2012), where the species was identified as “ Bathydorus sp.” DNA vouchers from the holotype were deposited into the collection of G. Wörheide, voucher number GW 5428. GenBank accession numbers FM 946114 (18 S), FM 946117 (28 S), FM 946102 (16 S), FR 848925 (COI). Comparisons. To our knowledge, this species has not been found elsewhere in the world. The arrangement of spicules clearly identifies it as a member of the genus Bathydorus; however, the plate-like gross morphology along with the layer of stauractine atrialia differentiates it from other species within the genus. The new species differs from the six known species of Bathydorus (and four sub-species) by a variety of characters. The unique gross morphology does lend itself as a character for species identification, but should not be considered reliable because sponges can change morphology based on surrounding conditions (Palumbi 1984). Bathydorus laniger has a layer of atrial stauractins that is only otherwise found in Bathydorus uncifer Schulze, 1899; all other members of the genus have atrial hexactins. Bathydorus uncifer has pentactins in the atrial surface along with the stauractins, plus it has thus far only been found in the equatorial Pacific near the Galapagos Islands (Schulze 1899). Bathydorus uncifer also contains hypodermal and hypoatrial stauractins, both of which are missing in B. laniger. While atrial stauractins easily differentiate B. laniger from the rest of its congeners, other differences exist. Bathydorus laevis and its subspecies have hexactine atrialia with varying degrees of roughness (Schulze 1886, 1902; Wilson 1904, Koltun 1967), while all hexactins in B. laniger are uniformly rugose. The atrial hexactins of B. spinosissimus resemble pinules, with large spines on the proximal ray directed toward the tip that progressively increase in size down the length of the ray (Lendenfeld 1915), which is very different from the cylindrical symmetric rays of B. laniger. Like B. laniger, the dermal surface of Bathydorus echinus Koltun, 1967 is composed of dermal stauractins, but contains pentactins and hexactins as well (Koltun 1967). Similarly, B. servatus Topsent, 1928 has dermal stauractins as well as diactins (Topsent 1928). Bathydorus fimbriatus Schulze, 1886 has only stauractins in its dermal surface, but the hexactins in its atrial surface are not found in B. laniger (Tabachnick 2002 b). In view of these differences, we conclude that B. laniger is a new species, bringing the total number of Bathydorus species to seven.Published as part of Kahn, Amanda S., Geller, Jonathan B., Reiswig, Henry M. & Smith, Kenneth L., 2013, Bathydorus laniger and Docosaccus maculatus (Lyssacinosida; Hexactinellida): Two new species of glass sponge from the abyssal eastern North Pacific Ocean, pp. 386-400 in Zootaxa 3646 (4) on pages 388-390, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3646.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/22347
- …
