51 research outputs found
Design and Implement IoT-Based Intelligent Manageable Smart Street Lighting Systems for Future Smart City
No full textThe swift development of Internet of Things (IoT) technology has led to the expanded application of sensor networks in smart cities. Streetlights, as a vital aspect of smart city infrastructure, serve as a reflection of a town’s development. While streetlights are crucial for ensuring optimal visibility, road security, and public space utilization at night, they contribute significantly to electricity consumption. Governments across the globe are committed to reducing residential and industrial electricity usage. Regarding electricity usage, the Intelligent Street Lights System based on LED lights is a crucial concept today. This system functions by switching on the LED lights when a vehicle approaches and adjusting them to a dimmed or off state when no vehicle is present. The primary focus of this research paper, implementing an Intelligent Street Lights System based on LED lights, has emerged as a critical approach to achieving energy efficiency and cost reduction. Experimental findings demonstrate the potential for up to 80% energy savings compared to traditional streetlamp systems. Additionally, the system enables remote monitoring and intelligent management of urban street light conditions through terminal devices
Effects of corporate governance on banking performance of commercial banks in Bangladesh
Get PDFCorporate governance is the system by which organizations are directed, monitored and controlled. It is an oversight mechanism to ensure the management team efficiently allocates the organizational resources, so as to protect the interest of shareholders and stakeholders.
There is a need for good corporate governance practice to stabilize the performance of financial institutions. This study investigated the influence of corporate governance in banking performance. Panel data analysis has been conducted for the top nine public and private commercial banks operating in Bangladesh for a period of 2009 to 2017. Board size, structure of internal audit committee and capital adequacy ratio were being taken as independent variables to measure the effects of corporate governance whereas return on asset, return on equity and earnings per share were being taken as dimensions for measuring bank performance. Correlation and regression analysis techniques were being used to examine the
relationships between corporate governance practices and bank performance. The results indicated that CAR has the greater impact on Bank performance. The information derived from this study can be valuable and will help to enhance the understanding of the governing
bodies of financial institutions for accelerating banking performance
Aquatic Iguana: A Floating Waste Collecting Robot with IoT Based Water Monitoring System
No full textChanges in children’s surgical services during the COVID-19 pandemic at a tertiary-level government hospital in a lower middle-income country
No full textObjective The aim of this study was to quantify the changes that occurred in the surgical services of children during the COVID-19 pandemic from the perspective of a low/middle-income country.Design A case–control study was conducted at a large referral centre in Bangladesh among patients aged ≤12 years. Comparisons were made between cases admitted during a period of ‘April to September 2020’ (Pandemic period) and controls during a similar period in 2019 (Reference period). The number of admissions and outpatient department (OPD) attendances, age and sex distribution, diagnosis, number and types of surgeries performed (elective vs emergency), variations in treatment of acute appendicitis, types of anaesthesia and mortality were compared.Results Admissions were only 41% of previous year (635 vs 1549), and OPD attendances were only 28% of previous year (603 vs 2152). Admission of children reduced by 65.8%, but neonatal admission reduced only by 7.6%. The median age of the admitted patients was significantly lower during the pandemic period (3 vs 4 years, p<0.01). Acute appendicitis (151, 9.8%) and trauma (61, 9.6%), respectively, were the the most common causes of admission during the reference and the pandemic period. Elective surgeries were only 17% and emergency surgeries were 64% of previous year (p<0.01). Appendectomy (88, 9.1%) and laparotomy (77, 17.6%), respectively, were the most common surgeries performed during the reference and the pandemic period. Conservative treatment of acute appendicitis was more during the pandemic period (47.5% vs 28.5%, p=0.01), but patients who underwent appendectomies had more complicated appendicitis (63.3% vs 42.1%, p=0.01). In all, 90.4% of surgeries were performed by resident doctors. There were no COVID-19- related deaths.Conclusion Trauma became the most common cause of admission during the pandemic, and neonatal surgical conditions remained almost unchanged with high mortality rates. Elective procedures and laparoscopy remained low and resident doctors played a major role in providing surgical services
Introduction of Licensing Examination for the Registration of Medical and Dental Practitioners: Views of Stakeholders in Present Context of Bangladesh
No full textThis cross sectional descriptive study was conducted among the health policy makers, health administrators, doctors including medical teachers, intern doctors, clinically exposed medical students and patients. The study was conducted at government and non government medical colleges of Dhaka and outside Dhaka from 1st July 2014 to 30th June 2015. Total respondents were 372 and information was collected through in-depth interview schedule and self administered semi structured questionnaire. The qualitative information was collected from health policy makers including administrators by in-depth interview which was complimentary to the findings obtained by self administered semi structured questionnaire. Out of 372 respondents 280 (75.3%) and 92 (24.7%) were engaged in government and non- government hospitals/ organizations respectively. Among the respondents 164 (44.1%) agreed and 98 (26.3%) strongly agreed that introduction of licensing examination for the medical and dental practitioners are justified in the present context of Bangladesh. Of the total, 294 (79%) agreed and 40 (10.8%) strongly agreed that licensing examination shall be useful for individual professional development and also agreed that this will help in overall professional development, shall improvement of professional competency and shall enrich doctors with updated professional knowledge. Majority of the respondents (70.6%) mentioned that doctors may not be interested. Of the same respondents 99.1% opined that the registration shall be on the basis of degree or the examination shall only be for person graduated from abroad or foreigner graduates. About 73% respondents were in agreement with 5 years validity period for an examination. Of the total 84.4% respondents agreed that the examination will improvement of standard of medical and dental education offered by all medical and dental colleges of Bangladesh. There are many direct and indirect benefits of introducing licensing examination for the registration of medical and dental graduates/practitioners and there are a few barriers to implement that too.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.8(1) 2017: 2-8</jats:p
Quality assurance in undergraduate dental institutions of Bangladesh: Views of stakeholders
No full textThis cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the views of some stakeholders in regarding the current quality assurance activities in different government and non-government dental institutions of Bangladesh. Students, intern doctors, teachers and head of the institutions were the respondents. Semi-structured self-administered questionnaire, interview schedules and a checklist were used for data collection. The sampling technique was convenience and purposive. The study was conducted in 2015 and 2016. The study revealed that teachers were satisfied with the overall educational environment, but students are not certain about this mater and the students' opinion were negative in regards to hostel and library facilities. Only few teachers were engaged in research activities in which authorities do not provide any assistance. Almost all dental institutions are deficient in their quality assurance activities. Other than academic council most of the quality assurance bodies are absent or non-functioning. The study recommends that quality assurance activities in undergraduate dental institutions in Bangladesh should be strengthened and it should be evaluated by the national quality assurance body.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.8(2) 2017: 7-11</jats:p
Clinical teachers and intern doctors' perception about the effectiveness of ongoing internship programme in undergraduate dental education in Bangladesh
No full textBackground: For the first 20 years or so after formal education in dentistry commenced at Glasgow in 1879, the manner of learning technical and clinical procedures was little different from what it had been since immemorial. In other words dental students learned by watching others until it was felt that they could be trusted to perform the procedure themselves.Rationale: The intern year is the first level of hands-on training in dentistry and is an essential step in every dental surgeon's career. Opportunity to apply, consolidate and expand one's clinical knowledge, skills and also progressively increase one's responsibility for providing safe, high-quality patient care. Opportunity to develop overall patient management skill especially for the general dental practitioner. The intern year should provide a balance between education, training and clinical responsibility, enabling interns to develop the professional and personal competencies that result in good patient care and provide a foundation for lifelong learning.Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the clinical teachers and intern doctors' perception about the effectiveness of ongoing internship programme in undergraduate dental education in Bangladesh.Methods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in six public and private dental colleges of Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire based on 5-point Likert scale was used to collect the clinical teachers and intern doctors perceptions. The semi-structured questionnaire was prepared on the basis of logbook based internship training programme. Before administering the questionnaires to the respondents the investigator gave them an introductory idea about the purpose of the research.Results: The study revealed that the majority of the clinical teachers 97.4% mentioned that the duration of internship training programme (one year) is not adequate and according to 94.9% teachers' opinion the duration of internship training programme should be 2 years. On the other hand 87.4% intern doctors mentioned that the duration of internship training programme (one year) is not adequate 94.6% intern doctors mentioned that the duration of internship training programme should be two. Majority 55 % of the teachers mentioned that the training environment was almost supportive. Majority of the intern doctors mentioned that the environment was supportive to ensure adequate patients service.Conclusion: To ensure excellence in all aspects of internship training programme, it can be concluded that intern doctors must need to acquire sufficient competencies in most of the clinical areas for their daily practice. There are many areas for further improvement through evaluating and developing the internship training programme as well as the logbook and strengthening the clinical environment in the institutes.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.7(2) 2016: 23-27</jats:p
Impact of vitamin E in improving comfort, moisture management and mechanical properties of flame-retardant treated cotton fabric
No full textThe aim of this study is to analyze the use of vitamin E to enhance fabric's hand feel, moisture management and fabric strength which are affected due to flame retardant finish. Flame retardant treated fabrics typically become stiff, but the addition of Vitamin E along with emulsifier and binding agent through a vertical padding mangle by two times dipping and nipping results a soft fabric without impairing the flammability properties as determined by 45-degree flammability test. The samples were characterized by FTIR spectra, SEM images, and water contact angle. A new characteristics band is appeared at 1455 cm−1 for skeletal vibration of phenyl ring system of alpha tocopherol for Vitamin E measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) that proves the effective attachment of vitamin E with fabric. Hydrophilicity of vitamin E containing sample is discovered after showing 37.629° as a water contact angle at optical tensiometer (Attension theta lite). Additionally, fabric comfort properties, moisture management properties, and mechanical properties were measured by fabric touch tester (FTT), moisture management tester (MMT) machine and tensile strength tester respectively that demonstrate significant affirmative change in almost all indexes of FTT, 43.5 % increase of overall moisture management capacity by MMT and 23 % increase of tear strength by tensile strength tester due to use of vitamin E that effectively compensate lower strength, poor fabric comfort, and low moisture management capability of flame retardant treated fabric
Competency based internship training programme in undergraduate dental education in Bangladesh: Clinical teachers and intern doctors' perception
No full textBackground: For the first 20 years or so after formal education in dentistry commenced at Glasgow in 1879, the manner of learning technical and clinical procedures was little different from what it had been since immemorial. In other words dental students learned by watching others until it was felt that they could be trusted to perform the procedure themselves.Rationale: The intern year is the first level of hands-on training in dentistry and is an essential step in every dental surgeon's career. Opportunity to apply, consolidate and expand one's clinical knowledge, skills and also progressively increase one's responsibility for providing safe, high-quality patient care. Opportunity to develop overall patient management skill especially for the general dental practitioner. The intern year should provide a balance between education, training and clinical responsibility, enabling interns to develop the professional and personal competencies that result in good patient care and provide a foundation for lifelong learning.Objectives: The present study was undertaken to identify the Competency based internship training programme in undergraduate dental education in Bangladesh: Clinical teachers and intern doctors' perceptionMethods: This descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted in six public and private dental colleges of Bangladesh. A semi-structured questionnaire based on 5-point Likert scale was used to collect the clinical teachers and inter doctors' perceptions. The semi-structured questionnaire was prepared on the basis of logbook based internship training programme. Before administering the questionnaires to the respondents the investigator gave them an introductory idea about the purpose of the research.Results: competencies acquired by the intern doctors were satisfactory but some problematic areas such as less duration of training period, no community placement, availability of training aid, lack of supervision as well as feedback etc were highlighted which interfered in achieving their satisfaction on their competencies.Conclusion: To ensure excellence in all aspects of internship training programme, it can be concluded that intern doctors must need to acquire sufficient competencies in most of the clinical areas for their daily practice. There are many areas for further improvement through evaluating and developing the internship training programme as well as the logbook and strengthening the clinical environment in the institutes.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.8(1) 2017: 9-13</jats:p
Variations in Morpho-Cultural Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Fusarium moniliforme of Bakanae Disease of Rice and Evaluation of In Vitro Growth Suppression Potential of Some Bioagents
No full textBakanae is one of the important diseases of rice in Bangladesh that causes substantial yield loss every year. We collected thirty isolates of Fusarium spp. from bakanae-infected rice plants from different agroecological zones of Bangladesh and investigated the variations in cultural and morphological characteristics and pathogenicity. Diversity was found in cultural characteristics, viz., colony features, phialide, chlamydospore formation, shape, and size of macro- and microconidia. Three variants of Fusarium species such as F. moniliforme, F. fujikuroi, and F. proliferatum were identified on PDA media based on their cultural and morphological characteristics. Isolate FM10 (F. moniliforme) exhibited the highest disease aggressiveness in developing elongated plants (26.50 cm), the highest number of chlorotic leaves (5.75), and a lower germination percentage. We evaluated different bioagents against the virulent isolate of F. moniliforme to develop a rice bakanae disease management approach. Four bioagents, viz., Trichoderma spp., Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Achromobacter spp., were evaluated for growth suppression of F. moniliforme. Among the bioagents, Achromobacter spp. and B. subtilis (BS21) showed 73.54% and 71.61% growth suppression, respectively. The investigation revealed that the application of Achromobacter spp. and B. subtilis (BS21) would be a potential candidate for effective and eco-friendly management of the bakanae disease of rice
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