1,790 research outputs found
Report sulla analisi preliminare dei dati di H/K dell'esperimento CACTuS: andamento di parte dei dati di housekeeping registrati durante il volo transmediterraneo (Luglio 2002)
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OAS and Canada: Regional Organization or Institution for Development?
No full textThe history of Canadian interaction with American states both unilaterally and through the Pan-American Union and Organization of American States is reviewed. The author argues that Canada has historically and continuously supported the OAS, and its member states, at a distance. Canada demonstrates a dichotomy of involvement; in few areas, Canada is deeply involved, and in many other areas, Canada is not at all involved. Canada's pattern of involvement appears to suggest a focus on non-reciprocal regional development as opposed to reciprocating involvement. This is dispite several calls from different levels of government that a broader, more involved level of involement would serve the OAS and its member states better
Proposed models for shared and distinct modes of adaptation for cGAS and OAS proteins in primates.
No full text<p>An ancestral protein (red) with template independent polymerase activity was challenged by pathogens (green), which led to gene duplications and divergence resulting in ancestral cGAS (blue) and ancestral OAS (yellow). cGAS and OAS likely faced shared and distinct inhibitors encoded by pathogens (colored hexagons). Extensive positive selection of cGAS and OAS resulted in a variety of substitutions that evade inhibition by pathogens. For cGAS, sampling of amino acid substitutions on protein surfaces (gray stars) and the expression of spliceforms that may produce molecular mimics or cGAS variant proteins that evade antagonism could provide diverse mechanisms of escape from pathogen-encoded inhibitors. Some OAS genes also fix amino acid substitutions (gray stars) and may also evade pathogens via duplications and gene fusion events evident in OAS2 and OAS3.</p
Polymorphisms of interferon-inducible genes OAS associated with interferon-alpha treatment response in chronic HBV infection
No full text\ To evaluate the role of host single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 2',5'-oligoadenylate synthetase (OAS) in predicting IFN response in patients with HBV infection, OAS gene and four SNPs were examined in 363 patients with chronic HBV infection (including 41 patients with HBsAg seroconversion) and 57 healthy controls. One SNP and three haplotypes were identified after adjustment for age, sex, HBV DNA. The frequency of OAS3T/C heterozygotes is 52.2% in responders (R) and 38.2% in non-responders (NR), with an odds ratio (OR) of 1.511 (P=0.018). For complete responders (CR) and NR, the OR reached 2.323(P=0.023). Haplotype analyses revealed significant association between three OAS haplotypes and response to IFN-alpha treatment. Genotype combination and interaction between gene-gene analyses disclosed that there was a positive interaction between OAS2/OAS3 and OAS3/OASL, and the rate of OR was 2.46 (likelihood test. P = 0.004) and 4.46 (likelihood test, P = 0.004), respectively. Our results suggest that OAS gene variations may play an important role in response to IFN-alpha and provide a novel strategy for the resolution of HBV infection. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Pharmacology & PharmacyVirologySCI(E)11ARTICLE3232-2378
The evaluation of the efficiency of the OAS in crisis of democracy within the continent
No full textEste estudio, realizado sobre la base del libro del mismo autor "La Evaluación de la OEA en Crisis Democráticas en el Continente. Las Posiciones Argentinas", realiza un análisis de la historia de la OEA a través del prisma de su actuación en defensa de la democracia en el hemisferio y de su proyección en los umbrales de la globalización, concentrando su atención en la etapa de "renacimiento de la OEA" al finalizar la guerra fría, que significó su reaparición como un foro político de significativa importancia en las relaciones interamericanas.This study, which was made upon the basis of the book written by the same author "the evaluation of the efficiency of the OAS in crisis of democracy within the continent. The Argentinean position", analyzes OAS´ history based on its proceeding in the process of defending democracy in the hemisphere and its projection to globalization, focusing on the period of "renaissance of the OAS" by the end of the Cold War, which meant its return as a political forum with great importance in the field of inter-American relations.Sección Estudios.Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales (IRI
The evaluation of the efficiency of the OAS in crisis of democracy within the continent
No full textEste estudio, realizado sobre la base del libro del mismo autor "La Evaluación de la OEA en Crisis Democráticas en el Continente. Las Posiciones Argentinas", realiza un análisis de la historia de la OEA a través del prisma de su actuación en defensa de la democracia en el hemisferio y de su proyección en los umbrales de la globalización, concentrando su atención en la etapa de "renacimiento de la OEA" al finalizar la guerra fría, que significó su reaparición como un foro político de significativa importancia en las relaciones interamericanas.This study, which was made upon the basis of the book written by the same author "the evaluation of the efficiency of the OAS in crisis of democracy within the continent. The Argentinean position", analyzes OAS´ history based on its proceeding in the process of defending democracy in the hemisphere and its projection to globalization, focusing on the period of "renaissance of the OAS" by the end of the Cold War, which meant its return as a political forum with great importance in the field of inter-American relations.Sección Estudios.Instituto de Relaciones Internacionales (IRI
Intramuskuläre Verteilung von Botulinumtoxin im spastischen Muskel
No full textZusammenfassungGegenstand und Ziel: Ziel dieser Pilotstudie war die Visualisierung der Primärverteilung des Botulinumtoxin(BoNT)-Bolus bei Oberarmspastik (OAS) und unterschiedlicher Volumina beim Gesunden (K) mittels Magnetresonanztomografie (MRT).Material und Methoden: Sagittale dynamische BFFE-Sequenzen überwachten die Injektion von 1 ml NaCl/BoNT-Bolus in den spastischen (n = 4), 1 ml NaCl in den rechten gesunden, bzw. 2 ml NaCl in den linken gesunden M. bizeps brachii bei K (n = 6). Ergebnisse: Eine unmittelbar zunehmende Hyperintensität parallel der Muskelfasern war in der primären Längsausdehnung (Mittel: K: 1 ml: 5,3 cm; 2 ml 5,7 cm; OAS: 3,3 cm) in OAS vs. 1 ml K signifikant niedriger (p = 0,008). Die primäre Tiefenausdehnung (Mittel: K: 1 ml: 0,5 cm; 2 ml: 0,9 cm; OAS: 0,7 cm) war in 2 ml K vs. 1 ml K signifikant (p = 0,002), und in OAS vs. 1 ml K (nicht signifikant) erhöht.Schlussfolgerungen: Im Gesunden verteilte sich der Hauptanteil längs der Muskelfasern. Im spastischen Muskel war die Längsausdehnung signifikant vermindert.Klinische Relevanz: Der BoNT-Effekt könnte durch Verteilung in verschiedene Tiefen (Stichrichtung normal zu Muskelfasern) sowie bei OAS durch zusätzliche Injektionsstellen entlang des Muskelfaserverlaufs verbessert werden.</jats:p
A Modified Coupled Spectrophotometric Method to Detect 2-5 Oligoadenylate Synthetase Activity in Prostate Cell Lines
No full textBackground: 2-5 oligoadenylate synthetases (OAS) are interferon inducible enzymes that polymerizes ATP to 2-5-linked oligomers of adenylate (2-5As). As part of the innate immune response, these enzymes are activated by viral double stranded RNA or mRNAs with significant double stranded structure. The 2-5As in turn activate RNaseL that degrade single stranded RNAs. Three distinct forms of OAS exist in human cells (OAS1, 2 and 3) with each form having multiple spliced variants. The OAS enzymes and their spliced variants have different enzyme activities. OAS enzymes also play a significant role in regulating multiple cellular processes such as proliferation and apoptosis. Moreover, Single nucleotide polymorphisms that alter OAS activity are also associated with viral infection, diabetes and cancer. Thus detection of OAS enzyme activity with a simple spectrophotometric method in cells will be important in clinical research
Integration of the Americas: Welfare Effects and Options for the MERCOSUR
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to assess the costs and benefits of the creation of the Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA) and other integration options for the MERCOSUR with the other countries in the hemisphere. The GTAP, a multiregional, multisector CGE model is used to simulate the effects of several scenarios that are currently on debate. The existing preferences, granted by previous agreements under the framework of the Latin American Integration Association (LAIA), and the preferential treatment granted by the USA through the Generalized System of Preferences (GSP), the Caribbean Basin Initiative (CBI) and the Andean Trade Preference Act (ATPA) are taken into account. The analysis decomposes the effects of the FTAA in order to assess the importance of market opening and market access and identifies the net effect of trade creation and trade diversion. Additionally, the FTAA initiative is decomposed in possible subregional agreements among the countries involved (MERCOSUR – Andean Community, MERCOSUR – USA, etc.). The assessment includes the estimation of the welfare effects in case the agreement does not include the agricultural sector. All the results are presented for the MERCOSUR as a bloc and for each of its members.
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