649 research outputs found
Applications of a new power normal family
No full textThe main purpose of this paper is to give an algorithm to attain joint normality of non-normal multivariate observations through a new power normal family introduced by the author (Isogai, 1999). The algorithm tries to transform each marginal variable simultaneously to joint normality, but due to a large number of parameters it repeats a maximization process with respect to the conditional normal density of one transformed variable given the other transformed variables. A non-normal data set is used to examine performance of the algorithm, and the degree of achievement of joint normality is evaluated by measures of multivariate skewness and kurtosis. Besides the above topic, making use of properties of our power normal family, we discuss not only a normal approximation formula of non-central F distributions in the frame of regression analysis but also some decomposition formulas of a power parameter, which appear in a Wilson-Hilferty power transformation setting.Power normal family, non-normality, joint normality, measures of multivariate skewness and kurtosis,
Neutrophil and lymphocyte responses to oral Streptococcus in Adamantiades-Behcet's disease
No full textImmune reactions against microorganisms play an important pathogenic role in Adamantiades-Behçet’s disease (ABD). We had previously obtained Streptococcus sanguinis (strain BD113-20) isolated from the oral cavity of patients with ABD. To investigate the pathogenesis of this isolate, we examined neutrophil 5 reactions and level of cytokine production by lymphocytes after stimulation with the strain. The reactions
of neutrophils were examined by chemiluminescence assay using whole blood. The
amounts of interferon gamma (IFN-g) and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12
produced by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were measured by ELISA. 10 Strain BD113-20 activated neutrophils from patients with ABD and healthy volunteers, and, in addition it increased IFN-g production by lymphocytes. Lymphocyte from the patients with ABD showed a dominant T helper 1 (Th-1) immune response. Results indicated that both bacterial stimulation and host hypersensitivity might be involved in the symptoms and pathogenesis of ABD
Quantification of collagen and proteoglycan deposition in a murine model of airway remodelling
No full textBackground: Sub- epithelial extracellular matrix deposition is a feature of asthmatic airway remodelling associated with severity of disease, decline in lung function and airway hyperresponsiveness. The composition of, and mechanisms leading to, this increase in subepithelial matrix, and its importance in the pathogenesis of asthma are unclear. This is partly due to limitations of the current models and techniques to assess airway remodelling.Methods: In this study we used a modified murine model of ovalbumin sensitisation and challenge to reproduce features of airway remodelling, including a sustained increase in sub- epithelial matrix deposition. In addition, we have established techniques to accurately and specifically measure changes in sub- epithelial matrix deposition, using histochemical and immunohistochemical staining in conjunction with digital image analysis, and applied these to the measurement of collagen and proteoglycans.Results: 24 hours after final ovalbumin challenge, changes similar to those associated with acute asthma were observed, including inflammatory cell infiltration, epithelial cell shedding and goblet cell hyperplasia. Effects were restricted to the bronchial and peribronchial regions with parenchymal lung of ovalbumin sensitised and challenged mice appearing histologically normal. By 12 days, the acute inflammatory changes had largely resolved and increased sub- epithelial staining for collagen and proteoglycans was observed. Quantitative digital image analysis confirmed the increased deposition of sub- epithelial collagen ( 33%, p < 0.01) and proteoglycans ( 32%, p < 0.05), including decorin ( 66%, p < 0.01). In addition, the increase in sub- epithelial collagen deposition was maintained for at least 28 days ( 48%, p < 0.001).Conclusion: This animal model reproduces many of the features of airway remodelling found in asthma and allows accurate and reproducible measurement of sub- epithelial extra- cellular matrix deposition. As far as we are aware, this is the first demonstration of increased sub- epithelial proteoglycan deposition in an animal model of airway remodelling. This model will be useful for measurement of other matrix components, as well as for assessment of the molecular mechanisms contributing to, and agents to modulate airway remodelling
マウスニジコウガイニオケルコウガイユゴウジノmedial edge epithelial cell ノドウタイ
No full textAoyama G, Kurosaka H, Oka A, Nakatsugawa K, Yamamoto S, Sarper SE, Usami Y, Toyosawa S, Inubushi T, Isogai Y and Yamashiro T (2019) Observation of Dynamic Cellular Migration of the Medial Edge Epithelium of the Palatal Shelf in vitro. Frontiers in Physiology. 10:698. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2019.0069
シクロホスファミドトウヨガシハイケイセイニアタエルエイキョウ
No full textThis is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in the European Journal of Orthodontics following peer review. The version of record Kohei Nakatsugawa, Hiroshi Kurosaka, Toshihiro Inubushi, Gozo Aoyama, Yukako Isogai, Yu Usami, Satoru Toyosawa, Takashi Yamashiro, Stage- and tissue-specific effect of cyclophosphamide during tooth development, European Journal of Orthodontics, Volume 41, Issue 5, October 2019, Pages 519–530, is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/ejo/cjz002
A strategy to offset the extra cost of sirolimus-eluting stent in patients undergoing intervention for acute myocardial infarction
No full textObjective: To obtain a quantitative estimate of the overall costs and cost effectiveness ratio of sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) implantation and
tirofiban infusion compared to abciximab and bare metal stent (BMS) in patients undergoing primary intervention for acute ST segment
elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
Methods: In the attempt to make the unrestricted use of SES in STEMI patients affordable under the current European reimbursement system,
between March 6, 2003, and April 23, 2004, 175 patients with STEMI were randomized to receive tirofiban infusion and SES versus
abciximab and BMS as part of the STRATEGY trial. Costs and outcome were monitored for 2 years.
Results: The cost of the index procedure was €9345±2573 and €9657±2114 for the tirofiban+SES and abciximab+BMS group,
respectively (P=0.048). At follow-up, the composite of death or myocardial infarction and the costs not related to target vessel
revascularisation (TVR) did not differ in the two groups while the rate of TVR and the costs related to it were lower in the tirofiban+SES
group. The overall 2-year cost of treating a patient in the tirofiban+SES group was €10,971±4185 compared to €12,066±4636 for the
abciximab+BMS group (P=0.006). Halving the cost of abciximab resulted in higher initial hospital costs for the tirofiban+SES but overall
cost neutrality over a 24-month time horizon.
Conclusions: Compared to abciximab+BMS, tirofiban infusion+SES implantation in STEMI patients was an economically dominant
strategy, with an improved composite outcome and lower overall costs
<Article>Jointly Owning Family Property : The Case Study from RussianTurkestan
No full textFor Muslims lived inan y part of premodernIslamic world the Islamic law of succession served as a barrier to anattempt to keep family property intact, because it stipulated that equal shares should be given to those who were in equal relationship to deceased. Consequently, those who had an intention to keep the integrity of their inherited property had to have recourse to different ways to achieve their goal. One such way was jointly owning inherited property by heirs, whereas they received appropriate shares of the estate. In this case, if one of the joint owners died, his/her shares were inherited by his/her own heirs including sometimes those who had been outside the co-ownership for their not having the right of succession to the generator of the estate. By consulting the fatwa document which was produced in the early twentieth century Samarqand province of Russian Turkestan, and which records the case concerning the joint ownership of family property, the author offers following conclusions : first, the way of calculating the shares allocated to each one of the joint owners, as shown by the calculating tables attached to the document, completely agrees with the teachings found in al-Farā'id ̇ al-Sirājīya, the twelfth century Hanafite juristic work specially devoted to the law of succession and enjoyed prolonged popularity as a fundamental textbook for learning the method of calculating shares of succession. Second, as presented by similar fatwa documents from Russian Turkestan, through the inheritance of the shares held by deceased joint owners, the membership of co-owners could have been even conferred to the persons who were in relationship to the generator of the estate either through maternal line or by affinity, whereas they were prone to be excluded from or explicitly not entitled to inheritance according to the lslamic law
Numerical study of transonic flow over oscillating airfoils using the full potential equation
No full textThe behavior of unsteady aerodynamic loadings on airfoils oscillating in transonic flow has been investigated numerically with particular attention given to supercritical airfoil sections. A previously developed finite difference method, which is based on the full potential equation and which uses a quasi-conservative scheme for proper capture of a shock wave motion, was employed for the present study. The unsteady aerodynamic pressure and load distributions on several different airfoil sections are presented with particular emphasis on the effects of free-stream Mach number, reduced frequency, and mean angle of attack. These parameters are demonstrated to have a significant effect on the behavior of the unsteady aerodynamic loadings. Comparisons of the present calculations with the exact inviscid solution and with the experimental results are also presented
Lower bounds for the distributions of certain multivariate test statistics
No full textAbstractA lower (upper) bound is given for the distribution of each dj, j = k + 1, …, p (j = 1, …, s), the jth latent root of AB−1, where A and B are independent noncentral and central Wishart matrices having Wp(q, Σ; Ω) with rank (Ω) ≤ k = p − s and Wp(n, Σ), respectively. Similar bound are also given for the distributions of noncentral means and canonical correlations. The results are applied to obtain lower bounds for the null distributions of some multivariate test statistics in Tintner's model, MANOVA and canonical analysis
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