146 research outputs found
Glynis Davies’ Story of Phyllis
No full textCanadadeath of childimmigrantmental illnessoriginalWorld War II1920’sBritai
Physiological Effects of Negative Emotional States
No full textIn this paper, we sought to understand why some negative emotions can have a physiological effect on the body, so that we could learn to better manage, and normalize, our reactions in emotionally stimulating situations. Previous research has predicted that these physiological effects can include variables such as impaired immune system function, insula activity, inflammation, and decreased prefrontal cortical activity. In our first (correlational) study, we tested the strength of these relationships by examining naturalistic daily changes in their variables longitudinally over a one week period. We measured emotional trauma such as stress by using the Profile of Mood States (POMS) scale to track negative emotional states, and immune function with a daily body temperature measurement with a thermometer. Social rejection and anger levels were measured through the use of a negative emotions test called the Social Rejection Lab, insula activity was measured by the amount of times gut sensation were felt and prefrontal cortical activity with the Berg’s Card Sorting Task. Fatigue levels were measured with a self-report Likert-style questionnaire, and inflammation measured by participants’ bicep circumference. Based on the strength of correlation found between anger and prefrontal cortex activity in our correlational study, we then conducted a second (experimental) study to test for a causal relationship between these two variables. For the duration of the seven day study, participants alternated between the experimental meditation condition (4-days total) and the controlled non-meditation condition (3-days total) and measured the effect this manipulation had upon prefrontal cortex activity and subjective anger levels. Data pooled across participants in our correlational study showed the strongest correlation was between anger and cortical activity, although these results were not statistically significant. Data pooled across participants in our experimental study further showed that anger and cortical activity are not related in that inducing a state of calm does not necessarily enhance an individual's cognitive functioning. This research suggests that stress-reduction techniques do not lead to any large improvements in prefrontal functioning.Supervising Instructor & Course Number: Michael Pollock, Psyc 215 (“Biological Psychology”
Development of an LSTM-based methodology for burst detection in water distribution systems
No full textWater utilities face many challenges, including pipe bursts that cause significant non-revenue water losses. Detecting those bursts early is important for the water sector in its path to achieve sustainable water resource management. This study presents a scalable data-driven methodology for burst detection in water distribution systems that is based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)-based neural networks (NNs) and includes two stages: prediction and classification. Time-series of hydraulic (flow and pressure) signals are fed to the LSTM, whereas domain (time) features of the next time step are fed independently to regular neurons. These two streams of information are then concatenated to predict the values of the hydraulic features of the next time step. The model is trained on normal conditions only, so that when fed with data corresponding to a burst, the predictions will mismatch the observations. Comparison of the predictions to the observations is quantified though an error function, which is then used for classification. Specifically, a variable error threshold that corresponds to a pre-defined extreme percentile of the error distribution is used to discern bursts from normal conditions. The methodology is corroborated on two different types of bursts: (a) real bursts in district metered areas (DMAs) in the United Kingdom and (b) simulated fire hydrant leak tests in the same DMAs. For the real bursts, sensitivity analysis of the algorithm is performed to assess how data resolution and error threshold affect the performance. The flexibility of the method is studied for the simulated fire hydrant leaks, where additional information streams from new sensors are incorporated in the model by means of applying transfer learning and fine-tuning. The results obtained demonstrate that this scalable LSTM-based methodology works reasonably well in real-life settings and can successfully identify burst events, both real and simulated, even in DMAs with a small number of installed sensors. Furthermore, it is assessed how the flexibility of the LSTM neurons is pivotal for burst detection when utilizing a varying number of sensors.Water Managemen
Motor proficiency programmes for children with learning disabilities
No full textNo Abstract. African Journal for Physical, Health Education, Recreation and Dance Vol. 12(2) 2006: 97-11
Sensory reinforcement in autistic and mentally handicapped children: a review
No full textAbstract
Sensory reinforcement was first studied by learning theorists working with animals in the 1950s. Attempts to examine the phenomenon with children followed in the 1960s, and the studies demonstrated that sensory stimuli could act like any other reinforcers with normal young children. Similar work with the autistic and mentally handicapped child arose in relation to both the study of receptor development and more treatment-oriented research. It now seems that even profoundly handicapped children can learn to operate simple levers when reinforced by sensory stimuli, and some handicapped children have learned quite complex skills through sensory reinforcement. There also appears to be a close relationship between stereotyped behavior and sensory reinforcement. The clinical implications of the studies reviewed are discussed.
This review was written while the author was supported by a Bethlem Royal Hospital research grant. The author is very grateful to Maria Callias, Dr. Janet Carr, Mrs. E. Goodall, and Dr. J. Corbett for their helpful comments on the paper
Rev. of Robinson Crusoe after 300 Years, edited by Andreas K. E. Mueller and Glynis Ridley. Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press, 2021. Pp 234. 47. ISBN: 9781684482863 (Paperback); & Rewriting Crusoe: The Robinsonade across Languages, Cultures and Media, edited by Jakub Lipski. Lewisburg, Bucknell University Press. 34. Pp 220. ISBN: 9781684482313 (Paperback).
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Identity Style, Acculturation Strategies and Employment Status Of Formally Educated Foreign-Born African Women In The United States
No full textThe culture in which people work and dwell is instrumental in shaping their sense of self. The decision to migrate from the country of one's heritage culture may result in the modification of self-identity in order to accommodate new experiences within the host culture. For working professionals, such modifications may be manifested in a number of different domains, including attitudes, behaviors, values, and sense of culture. When considering America's diverse workforce and the pressures placed upon people to be competitive, educated, and reasonably assimilated, the process of acculturation must also be addressed. This process is best understood when heritage and mainstream cultures are viewed independently. Formally educated foreign-born African women were the focus of this research. The purpose was to increase understanding of the employment status of African women with respect to identity style and acculturation strategies.
Two hundred thirty-eight (238) women in the Metropolitan Washington D.C. Area were surveyed with respect to acculturation, identity style and employment status. The Vancouver Index of Acculturation was used to measure the heritage and mainstream dimensions of acculturation. The Identity Style Inventory was used to measure aspects of individual identity. Differences were found for the acculturation dimension of mainstream acculturation, which was observed to be higher for employed subjects for three of the four analyses used for employment status. No statistically significant differences were found for any of the identity style measures due to employment status, with one exception. The underemployed group of women may have been characterized by an identity orientation based on family and friends. If these women appear to experience problems associated with acculturation and identity, they may require more time to learn about the U.S. culture.
These women represent a heterogeneous group with an amazing diversity in terms of language, culture, religion, and national backgrounds. This research suggests that their goal of securing or maintaining a professional career in the United States while residing in a major metropolitan area does not require assimilating into the U.S. culture at the expense of their own culture. Although, given that the majority of these women plan to remain in the United States as permanent residents, learning as much as possible about their host culture could perhaps benefit them with respect to employment.Ph. D
An examination of factors influencing the acquisition and expression of within-event learning
No full textAn analysis of Pat Metheny's and Lyle Mays's "Third Wind": Arranging techniques and performance considerations
No full textThis paper explores the arranging techniques and performance considerations related to the transcription and analysis of "Third Wind" by Pat Metheny and Lyle Mays; it compares Metheny and Mays' original piece to the author's arrangement as performed at her Master's Recital. Biographical information about Metheny and Mays are used as a preface to their lives as composers and performers. Also included is an in-depth analysis of the original lead sheet, the author's arrangement, and the performance itself. The incorporation of wordless vocals, as used in the original, is also covered. The author wrote original lyrics for parts of the song that help to clarify her interpretation of this lengthy through-composed piece of music
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