1,379 research outputs found
Brugskvalitet i byrum i et FM-perspektiv - en værktøjskasse til identifikation af brugskvalitet i byrum
No full textI København har man en lang tradition for at gøre byrum levende og appellerende og har bevidsthed om at man ved at sætte ny kvalitet ind i et bykvarter kunne få en god cirkel til at sprede sig i kvarteret. København har promenader, rum til refleksion, rum til aktiviteter og til leg. Bylivets mange facetter udspiller sig i byens rum og er en nødvendighed for at borgerne skal kunne leve et fuldt og helt liv i byen. Udgangspunktet for masteropgaven er at byrummets ”liv” i bred forstand er de brugskvaliteter, som byrummenes ejere og forvaltere skal vide at udforske og udvikle til gode for byens mange typer brugere, borgere og næringsdrivende – og i byen som arbejdsplads.
Rapporten undersøger og bearbejder et sæt metoder til belysning af brugskvalitet i byrum med henblik på brug ved fremtidig programmering og planlægning af byrum i Københavns Kommune. Koblingen mellem byrum og metoder til måling af brugskvalitet opstod naturligt under masterstudiets kursus i Strategisk Arealforvaltning, hvor et rammeværk – USEtool – blev præsenteret. USEtool er udviklet af forskere ved NTNU til undersøgelse af brugskvalitet i bygninger og masteropgaven undersøger om rammeværket kan omsættes til brug for byrum.
Samtidig er det en meget væsentlig pointe i opgaven at indsætte byrum i en facilities management-sammenhæng. Dermed skulle byens rum være = ”facilities”; brugere/borgere/ næringsdrivende = ”organisationen”; og byrummenes ejere og driftsfolk skulle være ”FM-organisationen” (en del af den samlede ”organisation”), som skal levere værdien for ”kernevirksomheden” = den bedst mulige kvalitet til ophold, rekreation, bevægelse, trafik og alle de andre aktiviteter, som man foretager i en byrum. Dette tester jeg ved at undersøge om det er muligt at omsætte FM-perspektivet til byrumsbrug.
Opgaven tager praktisk afsæt i egen organisation og bruger den som case og som eksempel på en byrumsorganisation, som dublerer FM-organisationen som den er beskrevet i litteraturen for bygninger. Det er også fra min egen organisation, at jeg finder respondenter til tests, som foretages med afsæt i USEtools værktøjskasse. De byrum som opgaver drejer sig omkring er rekreative byrum, dvs ikke trafikarealer.
Den primære metode, som benyttes til besvarelsen af opgaven er litteraturstudier og dertil studier af inter- og intranet af specifikke emner. Der er tillige gennemført en række tests vedrørende brugbarhed af visse af værktøjerne i USEtool. Testmetoder er kvalitative og respondenterne har skullet gennemføre en blanding af interviews, udfyldningsskemaer og prosabeskrivelser af oplevelser udendøre i et konkret byrum. Sidst i kapitlet drøftes styrker og svagheder i materialet.
Litteraturstudierne er grupperede indenfor fem hovedtemaer: Byer & Byliv; Facilities Management; Kvalitetsbegreber – parametre for brugskvalitet; Evalueringsmetoder; USEtool. Under temaet om kvalitetsbegreber har jeg samlet i skemaform en oversigt over de forskellige definitioner og tolkninger af brugskvalitet, som de studerede forfattere fremkommer med.
På basis af problemformuleringen og forskningsspørgsmålene er her de primære fund fra studiet: byrumsorganisationen ønsker og har brug for den fælles læring, som kan uddrages af at arbejde med et fælles rammeværk. Nytten vil kunne uddrages både
lineært og på tværs i organisationen. Det vil være muligt at udvikle USEtool til et brugbart værktøj til gavn for udvikling af byrum, men rammeværket skal indarbejdes og koordineres med byrumsorganisationens eksisterende værktøjskasse. Dermed skal også den samlede arbejdsmængde ved brugen af USEtool vurderes i sammenhold med eksisterende værktøjer til projektledelse og fx styring af tid og økonomi.
Der vil skulle indarbejdes ændringer i USEtool, således det er umiddelbart tilgængeligt for byrumsorganisationen at bruge rammeværket. Bla skal der udarbejdes introduktionstekster til de enkelte værktøjer i USEtool, forklarende tekster til brug for proceslederen og en let forståelig introduktion til rammeværket som helhed. Letforståelig – det er en væsentlig at overveje om USEtool skulle omsættes til en ”light” model, som kunne være enkel at implementere i en i forvejen travl organisation. Konklusionen på denne del af masteropgaven vil være, at det vil være muligt at benytte USEtool til formålet i den ene eller anden form, men at der endnu udestår en del arbejde dermed.
USEtool skal udvikles med flere og mere differentierede interessentgrupper og parametre for brugskvalitet. Der skal indføres en skelnen mellem dem som BOR omkring et byrum, dem som BRUGER et byrum som gæster og dem som har VIRKSOMHED ud til et byrum. De tre interessent-typer kan have vidt forskellige tolkninger af brugskvalitet og de kan reelt være modstridende, men byrumsorganisationen kan ikke foretage de bevidste valg uden at kende interessenterne grundigt.
For byrumsorganisationen gælder det at medarbejderne er travle og har et perspektiv på projekterne som er meget bredt. Kendskab til brugskvalitet kan dermed nemt blive en meget lille brik i det store billede. USEtool skal derfor gøres attraktiv, nemt tilgængelig, lineær og stærkt guidende. Ydermere skal den integrere – eller have meget tæt sammenhæng med – byrumsorganisationens øvrige projektledelsesværktøjer. Tillige skal brugskvalitet være et tema accepteret af ledelsen og gøres målbart på linie med overholdelse af tid og økonomi.
Byrums indplacering i et FM-perspektiv er både muligt og umiddelbart logisk. Centrale begreber, som benyttes i bygninger og i facilities management, er omsættelige til byrum og den organisation, som forvalter, driver, vedligeholder, udvikler og servicerer byrummene. Masteropgaven kredser i særlig grad om FM-begreber som ”organisationen” og ”kerneydelser” og forbinder til USEtools brug af begrebet ”brugskvalitet”. Masteropgaven konkluderer dermed at byrum er sammenlignelige med bygninger set i en FM-sammenhæng og at en byrumsorganisation er sammenlignelig med en FM-organisation i bygninger
Raman scattering studies of spinels CoV2O4 and MnV2O4
No full textIn this thesis, I present Raman scattering studies of the strongly correlated spinels CoV2O4 and MnV2O4.
In CoV2O4, exclusive attention is given to a triply degenerate (T2g) phonon in order to determine the material's structural properties and explore coupling between the lattice and other degrees of freedom. Temperature-dependent studies confirm that the cubic symmetry of CoV2O4 is retained down to low temperatures (T = 7 K), unlike other spinel vanadates. The absence of a structural distortion in orbitally degenerate CoV2O4 supports the previous speculation that the t2g valence electrons in CoV2O4 are not localized. In our pressure-dependent studies, we discover a pressure-induced symmetry-lowering structural transition for P ~ 40 kbar and 50 < T < 150 K. A preliminary P-T structural phase diagram is mapped out, and the close proximity of the structural transition to a previously reported pressure-induced semiconductor-to-metal transition indicates these two phase transitions are correlated.
In MnV2O4, we identify the q = 0 Raman-active magnetic excitation spectrum and investigate the interplay between spin, orbital, and lattice degrees of freedom. We find a q = 0 magnon spectrum that differs significantly from spin-wave calculations and analysis of previous inelastic neutron scattering data for MnV2O4. Our high-resolution q = 0 spin-wave excitation results put constraints on spin-wave calculations that should provide improved estimates of magnetic exchange parameters and a more accurate test of proposed orbital ordering schemes for MnV2O4. Below TN, we also observe an anomalous temperature dependence for a two-magnon excitation in MnV2O4, which we attribute to strong magnon-phonon coupling at the Brillouin zone boundary. Our pressure-dependent studies of the one-magnon excitations reveal increased magnon damping with increasing pressure, which supports an increasing itinerant electronic character as the itinerant electron limit is approached from the insulating side. We also find a positive pressure dependence of the one-magnon energies, consistent with an increase of TN with decreasing V-V bond distance (RV-V), which may contradict previous assumptions concerning the effects of decreasing RV-V on magnetic ordering in MnV2O4.Submission original under an indefinite embargo labeled 'Open Access'. The submission was exported from vireo on 2016-11-09 without embargo termsThe student, Taylor Byrum, accepted the attached license on 2016-05-02 at 16:54.The student, Taylor Byrum, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2016-05-02 at 16:57.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2016-05-04 at 13:14.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #9597 on 2016-11-09 at 10:19:20Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-10T17:49:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 8
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Previous issue date: 2016-05-0
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B{sup degree}{sub d} mixing and CP violation measurements at the Tevatron
No full textThe authors present six time-dependent B{sub d}{sup 0} mixing measurements of {Delta}m{sub d} from the CDF Run I data. The CDF average is {Delta}m{sub d} = .494{sub {+-} 0.26}{sup {+-} 0.26}(ps){sup {minus}1}. They also present a measurement of the CP-violating asymmetry sin (2{beta}) using a sample of B{sup 0}/{bar B}{sup 0} {r_arrow} J/{psi}K{sub s}{sup 0} decays and report sin(2{beta}) = .79{sub {minus}.44}{sup +.41}
Az ISBD-k születése és újjászületése: a nemzetközi szabványos bibliográfiai leírás szabályzatainak kidolgozására és revíziójára kialakított munkafolyamatok és eljárások
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An occupational survey to determine the entry level CAD skills and competencies required by employers of civil engineering technicians in the Northeast Wisconsin Technical College district
No full textIncludes bibliographical references.The purpose of this study was to identify the CAD related technical skills and
competencies that are required for employability at an entry-level position as a civil engineering technician. The majority of employers represented in this study are civil engineering firms, governmental agencies, and surveying firms. Overall, civil engineering firms along with governmental agencies employ the greatest number of drafters. Civil drawings, survey maps, and topographical drawings are the most commonly prepared drawings by the respondents. Other reported drawing types include architectural, electrical/electronic, landscaping, structural, and technical illustrations. Almost all of the respondents use a CAD system for drafting functions. AutoCAD is
the primary CAD platform used. MicroStation is also used, but to a much lesser extent. Of the employers that use CAD software, most use at least one collaborative software package with their primary CAD platform. Eagle Point is the most common collaborative software utilized. AutoCAD Land Development Desktop (ALDD) was noted to be the next commonly used collaborative software. Out of the 24 basic CAD skills that were listed on the survey, 14 were considered to be valid curriculum items and will be either retained or added to the program curriculum. Six of the 24 items will be reviewed for being valid curriculum items, and four of the items will not be included in the curriculum. Overall, most basic CAD skills were performed frequently or considered important. Out of the 29 advanced CAD skills that were listed on the survey, none were considered to be valid curriculum items. Sixteen of the 29 items will be reviewed for being valid curriculum items, and 13 of the items will not be included in the curriculum. Overall, most advanced CAD skills were not performed frequently nor considered important. Out of the 15 basic architectural drawing skills that were listed on the survey, none were considered to be valid curriculum items. Eight of the 15 items will be reviewed for being valid curriculum items, and seven of the items will not be included in the curriculum. Overall, most basic architectural drawing skills were not performed frequently nor considered important. None of the six basic structural drawing skills that were listed on the survey were considered to be valid curriculum items. One of the six items will be reviewed for being a valid curriculum item, and five of the items will not be included in the curriculum. Overall, most basic structural drawing skills were not performed frequently nor considered important
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No full textWe present six time-dependent B0d mixing measurements of {Delta}md from the CDF Run I data. The CDF average is {Delta}md = .494±.026±.026(ps)-1. We also present a measurement of the CP-violating asymmetry sin(2{beta}) using a sample of B0/{anti B}0 {yields} J/{psi} K0s decays and report sin(2{beta}) = .79 +41-.44
Independence Polynomials of Molecular Graphs
No full textIn the 1980\u27s, it was noticed by molecular chemists that the stability and boiling point of certain molecules were related to the number of independent vertex sets in the molecular graphs of those chemicals. This led to the definition of the Merrifield-Simmons index of a graph G as the number of independent vertex sets in G. This parameter was extended by graph theorists, who counted independent sets of different sizes and defined the independence polynomial F_G(x) of a graph G to be \sum_k F_k(G)x^k where for each k, F_k(G) is the number of independent sets of k vertices. This thesis is an investigation of independence polynomials of several classes of graphs, some directly related to molecules of hydrocarbons. In particular, for the graphs of alkanes, alkenes, and cycloalkanes, we have determined the Merrifield-Simmons index, the independence polynomial, and, in some cases, the generating function for the independence polynomial. These parameters are also determined in several classes of graphs which are natural generalizations of the hydrocarbons. The proof techniques used in studying the hydrocarbons have led to some possibly interesting results concerning the coefficients of independence polynomials of regular graphs with large girth
Reconstruction of B-0->J/psi K-S(0) and measurement of ratios of branching ratios involving B->J/psi K* and B+->J/psi K+
No full textWe report on the reconstruction of the decay mode B-0 --> J/psi K-S(0) using 19.3 pb(-1) of data collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab in collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV. A signal of 41.8 +/- 6.9 events, with a signal-to-background ratio of 9:1, is observed. Three additional decay modes B+ --> J/psi K+, B-0 --> J/psi K*(892)(0), and B+ --> J/psi K*(892)(+) are reconstructed. We measure three ratios of branching ratios, each one relative to the B+ --> J/psi K+ mode. We also report the ratio of decay rates, Gamma(B --> J/psi K*)/Gamma(B --> J/psi K), for the vector-vector relative to the vector-pseudoscalar modes, to be 1.32 +/- 0.23(stat) +/- 0.16(syst)
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