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The K-selected Butcher-Oemler Effect
No full textWe investigate the Butcher-Oemler effect using samples of galaxies brighter than observed frame K* + 1.5 in 33 clusters at 0.1 {approx}< z {approx}< 0.9. We attempt to duplicate as closely as possible the methodology of Butcher & Oemler. Apart from selecting in the K-band, the most important difference is that we use a brightness limit fixed at 1.5 magnitudes below an observed frame K* rather than the nominal limit of rest frame M(V ) = -20 used by Butcher & Oemler. For an early type galaxy at z = 0.1 our sample cutoff is 0.2 magnitudes brighter than rest frame M(V ) = -20, while at z = 0.9 our cutoff is 0.9 magnitudes brighter. If the blue galaxies tend to be faint, then the difference in magnitude limits should result in our measuring lower blue fractions. A more minor difference from the Butcher & Oemler methodology is that the area covered by our galaxy samples has a radius of 0.5 or 0.7 Mpc at all redshifts rather than R{sub 30}, the radius containing 30% of the cluster population. In practice our field sizes are generally similar to those used by Butcher & Oemler. We find the fraction of blue galaxies in our K-selected samples to be lower on average than that derived from several optically selected samples, and that it shows little trend with redshift. However, at the redshifts z < 0.6 where our sample overlaps with that of Butcher & Oemler, the difference in fB as determined from our K-selected samples and those of Butcher & Oemler is much reduced. The large scatter in the measured f{sub B}, even in small redshift ranges, in our study indicates that determining the f{sub B} for a much larger sample of clusters from K-selected galaxy samples is important. As a test of our methods, our data allow us to construct optically-selected samples down to rest frame M(V ) = -20, as used by Butcher & Oemler, for four clusters that are common between our sample and that of Butcher & Oemler. For these rest V selected samples, we find similar fractions of blue galaxies to Butcher & Oemler, while the K selected samples for the same 4 clusters yield blue fractions which are typically half as large. This comparison indicates that selecting in the K-band is the primary difference between our study and previous optically-based studies of the Butcher & Oemler effect. Selecting in the observed K-band is more nearly a process of selecting galaxies by their mass than is the case for optically-selected samples. Our results suggest that the Butcher-Oemler effect is at least partly due to low mass galaxies whose optical luminosities are boosted. These lower mass galaxies could evolve into the rich dwarf population observed in nearby clusters
The K-Selected Butcher-Oemler Effect
No full textWe investigate the Butcher-Oemler effect using samples of galaxies brighter than observed-frame K* + 1.5 in 33 clusters at 0.1 ≲z≲0.9. We attempt to duplicate as closely as possible the methodology of Butcher & Oemler. Apart from selecting in the AT
Analysis of Roman Silver coins, Augustus to the reform of Trajan (27 BC - AD 100)
No full textIn 2001 funding was obtained from the Leverhulme Trust (Grant No. RF&G/6/2002/0336) and the Faculty of Arts and Sciences Research Committee and the University Research Board of the American University of Beirut, Lebanon to undertake a one year project to apply this methodology to the coinage of the first Imperial dynasty, that of the Julio-Claudians. A more sensitive analytical technique was employed, inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), that enabled much better quality data for important trace elements, such as arsenic, tin and bismuth, to be obtained. These data, together with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro-analysis (SEM-EDS), optical microscopy (metallography) and some limited lead isotope analysis by laser ablation multi-collector inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-MC-ICP-MS) form the basis of a series of publications in print (Butcher and Ponting 2005a), in press (Butcher and Ponting 2005b) and in preparation.
In 2006 a second stage of the project was awarded funding from the Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) over three years (Grant ID: 119434). This project used the same suite of analytical techniques to investigate a much larger number of coins, including an expanded programme of lead isotope analyses (by thermal ionisation mass spectrometry). The first stage of this project resulted in a number of journal publications and contributions to edited volumes (Butcher et al. 2009; Butcher and Ponting 2012; Ponting 2009 and 2012). In 2014 a substantial monograph will be published that brings together and discusses the results from all the above projects covering Roman Imperial silver coinage up until the Reform of Trajan. It is the raw data upon which this monograph is based that are archived here
K. Butcher, Roman Syria and the Near East, Londres (2003)
No full textSartre Maurice. K. Butcher, Roman Syria and the Near East, Londres (2003) . In: Topoi, volume 14/2, 2006. pp. 655-659
The Irish Butcher\u27s Frolick
No full textA butcher is allowed to kiss a tailor\u27s wife because of his threatening presence.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/kgbsides_uk/2249/thumbnail.jp
"The Butcher-boy's fly!", MSS.1930
No full textAbstract: This collection contains one poem by an unknown author about a fly in a butcher shop and what becomes of him.Scope and Content Note: This collection contains one poem by an unknown author about a fly in a butcher shop and what becomes of him.Biographical/Historical Note
The K-Selected Butcher-Oemler Efffect * (or lack of...)
No full textWe derive the blue fraction for a sample of K-selected galaxies in 25 clusters at 0.15 < z < 0.92. We find a much smaller blue fraction and weaker trend with redshift than measured in optically selected samples. We suggest that the Butcher-Oemler effect is primarily due to star forming low luminosity galaxies
Analysis of Runge-Kutta methods using Butcher tableaus
No full textThis Bachelor thesis provides an analysis of Runge-Kutta methods using Butcher tableaus. Runge-Kutta method are numerical methods used for approximating initial value problems. A Runge-Kutta method can be classified as either an explicit or an implicit method. A special kind of implicit methods are diagonally implicit methods. The type of method can be recognised by the Butcher tableau. Using the entries of the Butcher tableau, one can compute the amplification factor of a Runge-Kutta method. The amplification factor can then be used to compute the order of the local truncation error and the stability region. Examples of these computations are given for seven methods. Furthermore, this thesis provides an algorithm to perform time steps for each of the three types of Runge-Kutta methods. Finally, in order to analyse the global truncation error of the seven methods, the algorithm to perform time steps is used with different step sizes.Applied Mathematic
Gondwanocentrus humphriesi Butcher & Quicke, sp. nov.
No full textGondwanocentrus humphriesi Butcher & Quicke sp. nov. Material examined. 1 Female, CHILE, Region ×, Parc Nacional Puyehue Anticura Sendero Repucura, sweeping in Nothofagus /Cusqueira forest, 447m, 17.ii.2005, 40º 39 ’ 53 ”S 70 º 10 ’ 02”W. Description. Body length 2.8 mm, fore wing 2.6 mm and exserted part of ovipositor 0.5 mm. Flagellum with 14 segments. Terminal flagellomere 1.5 × wider than 1 st. Apical three flagellar segments distinctly swollen and wider than rest of flagellum. First flagellomere 1.1 × longer than both the 2 nd and 3 rd separately; 3.6 × longer than wide. Face without midlongitudinal ridge, strongly transversely striate. Frons, occiput and temples coarsely rugose. Distance between posterior ocelli: transverse diameter of posterior ocellus: shortest distance between posterior ocellus and eye = 3: 1: 3. Temples wide and rounded. Pronotum forming a short but distinct neck. Mesosoma 1.7 × longer than high, largely setose (Fig. 6). Forewing: pterostigma 4 × longer than maximally wide; lengths of r-rs: 3 RSa: 3 RSb = 1.0: 2.7: 3.7; vein 1 CUa: 1 Cub = 1.0: 2.1 (Fig. 5). Hind wing: vein M+CU 1.25 × longer than 1 -M; vein m-cu slightly postfurcal. Fore femur with fine transverse sculpture, 4.5 × longer than maximally deep. Fore tibia 1.1 × longer than fore tarsus. Fore basitarsus 5 × longer than deep, 0.33 × length of whole tarsus. Hind coxa coarsely sculptured, transversely striate posterodorsally. Hind femur: tibia: tarsus: basitarsus = 0.85: 1.0: 0.85: 0.3. Hind basitarsus 0.25 × length of whole tarsus. First metasomal tergite longitudinally striate, basally with curved carinae that do not meet medially. 2 nd and 3 rd tergites largely coriaceous but with sculpture tending to form longitudinal parallel lines. 2 nd tergite with a very small mid-basal triangular area that is produced medially into a weak but distinct mid-longitudinal carina. Colour. Largely black; face, top of head, mesoscutum largely (except margins) red-brown; legs and palps yellowish; wings clear with pale brown venation. Male. Unknown. Biology. Unknown. Etymology. Named in honour of the delightfully inquisitorial Mr John Humphries, who during an interview with the junior author for the BBC Radio 4 Today Programme suggested it might be nice to have a species named after himself.Published as part of Quicke, Donald L. J. & Butcher, Buntika A., 2015, Description of a new Betylobraconini-like parasitoid wasp genus and species (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Rogadinae) from Chile, pp. 459-466 in Zootaxa 4021 (3) on pages 462-463, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4021.3.5, http://zenodo.org/record/24092
An audit to determine the clinical effectiveness of a pathway for managing wound infection
No full textPrevention of wound infection is a key objective in the planning of care for patients with wounds. The potential for wound infection, particularly in chronic wounds that are heavily contaminated with bacteria, can be high (Bowler et al, 2001). Wound infection can negatively affect the patient experience, causing pain, delayed healing and poor clinical outcomes (Butcher, 2011). This article outlines the introduction of a clinical pathway for identifying and managing wound infection in a community nursing service. The article sets out the results of an audit to investigate the efficacy of the pathway, and discusses the importance of identifying and managing wound infection risk in patient care
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