48 research outputs found
The role of geography and language in the shaping of Y genetic variability in the Caucasus
No full textThe key role of patrilineal inheritance in shaping the genetic variation of Dagestan highlanders
No full textThe key role of patrilineal inheritance in shaping the genetic variation of Dagestan highlanders
No full textThe dual origin of Tati-speakers from dagestan as written in the genealogy of uniparental variants.
No full textObjectives: Tat language is classified in an Iranian subbranch of the Indo-European family. It is spoken in the Caucasus and in the West Caspian region by populations with heterogeneous cultural traditions and religion whose ancestry is unknown. The aim of this study is to get a first insight about the genetic history of this peculiar linguistic group.
Methods: We investigated the uniparental gene pools, defined by NRYand mtDNA high-resolution markers, in two Tatispeaking communities from Dagestan: Mountain Jews or Juhur, who speak the Judeo-Tat dialect, and the Tats, who speak the Muslim-Tat dialect. The samples have been collected in monoethnic rural villages and selected on the basis of genealogical relationships. A novel approach aimed at resolving cryptic cases in the recent history of human populations, which combines the properties of uniparental genetic markers with the potential of ‘‘forward-in-time’’ computer simulations, is presented.
Results: Judeo-Tats emerged as a group with tight matrilineal genetic legacy who separated early from other Jewish communities. Tats exhibited genetic signals of a much longer in situ evolution, which appear as substantially unlinked with other Indo-Iranian enclaves in the Caucasus.
Conclusions: The independent demographic histories of the two samples, with mutually reversed profiles at paternally and maternally transmitted genetic systems, suggest that geographic proximity and linguistic assimilation of Tatispeakers from Dagestan do not reflect a common ancestry
The dual origin of tati-speakers from dagestan as written in the genealogy of uniparental variants
No full textTransmedia Storytelling Techniques in the Coverage of Socially Important Issues (Case Study «First Regional» Media Holding)
No full textБулаева Мария Николаевна – преподаватель кафедры журналистики, рекламы и связей с общественностью, Южно-Уральский государственный университет (Челябинск), e-mail: [email protected]. ORCID 0000-0002-6980-0618. Maria N. Bulayeva – lecturer of Department of Journalism, Advertising and Public Relations, South Ural State University (Chelyabinsk), e-mail: [email protected]В статье рассматривается актуальная проблема – применение трансмедийного сторителлинга в освещении социально значимых тем. В условиях трансформации медиапространства, связанной с развитием информационно-коммуникационных технологий и цифровизацией, ускорением массовых информационных потоков, изменением медиапотребления, редакции СМИ внедряют новые способы создания и представления информации, расширяя при этом социальное взаимодействие с аудиторией посредством новых медиаплатформ. Перспективной технологией коммуникации в современном медиапространстве является трансмедийный сторителлинг как повествование, разворачивающееся на множестве медиаплатформ. В статье рассмотрены и охарактеризованы различные подходы к трактовке понятия «трансмедийный сторителлинг» и выявлены его приемы. Определено, что приемы трансмедийного сторителлинга активно внедряются в повседневную практику редакций СМИ, в том числе и в российских регионах. Целью статьи является исследование приемов трансмедийного сторителлинга при освещении социально значимых тем в региональных СМИ. В качестве эмпирической базы выбран медиахолдинг Челябинской области «Первый областной». На примере освещения стихийной ситуации – природных пожаров в Челябинской области летом 2021 года – рассмотрены технологии трансмедийного сторителлинга на ведущих медиаплатформах холдинга: на телеканале ОТВ, портале онлайн-трансляций 1obl.tv, сайте информационного агентства «Первое областное» и в его аккаунтах в социальных сетях, в Telegram-канале. Анализ массива материалов позволил выявить специфику сторителлинга, основанного на повествовании о социально значимой проблеме: пожарах в населенных пунктах и их последствиях. Такое повествование, разворачиваясь на нескольких медиаплатформах, приобретает свойства трансмедийности, это позволило редакции полно, релевантно и оперативно информировать аудиторию о происходящем, представить разные точки зрения на решение проблем, актуализировать тему противопожарной безопасности. Исследование содержательно-тематических и жанровых аспектов материалов и структурно-функциональных особенностей медиаплатформ выявило наиболее эффективные приемы трансмедийного сторителлинга и обозначило проблемы его реализации. The research centers around the urgent issue of transmedia storytelling application in the coverage of socially significant topics. Media editors implement new tools of creating and presenting information, while expanding social interaction with the audience via new media platforms under the conditions of media space transformation due to the development of infor-mation-and-communication technologies, digitalization, acceleration of mass information flows, changes in media consumption. Transmedia storytelling, i. e. narration based on multiple media platforms, is an advanced technology of communication that emerges in today’s media space. The research considers and describes different approaches to the interpretation of the «transmedia storytelling» concept and identifies its techniques. Transmedia storytelling techniques are determined to be actively implemented in the daily practice of media editors, including the Russian regions’ editorial offices. The aim of the article is to examine the techniques of transmedia storytelling in the coverage of socially significant issues in the regional media. The empirical basis for the research is the media holding of Chelyabinsk region «First Regional». The author investigates the technologies of transmedia storytelling on the holding’ key media platforms – OTV channel, 1Obl.TV online broadcasting portal, the website of the information agency «First Regional» and its accounts in social networks, Telegram-channel – as a case study of natural disaster coverage: wildfire in the Chelyabinsk region in the summer of 2021. The analysis of extensive materials al-lows identifying the specificities of storytelling, based on narration focused on a socially signifi-cant problem – fires in settlements and their consequences. Such narration, based on several media platforms, is taking on the attributes of transmedia, which allows the editors fully, appropriately and promptly informing the audience about the emergency, presenting different points of view how to solve the problem, making the issue of fire safety extremely relevant. The study of content, thematic and genre aspects of the materials as well as structural and functional characteristics of media platforms has identified the most efficient techniques of transmedia storytelling and revealed the problems of its implementation
High altitude adaptation in Daghestani populations from the Caucasus
No full textWe have surveyed 15 high-altitude adaptation candidate genes for signals of positive selection in North Caucasian highlanders using targeted re-sequencing. A total of 49 unrelated Daghestani from three ethnic groups (Avars, Kubachians, and Laks) living in ancient villages located at around 2,000 m above sea level were chosen as the study population. Caucasian (Adygei living at sea level, N = 20) and CEU (CEPH Utah residents with ancestry from northern and western Europe; N = 20) were used as controls. Candidate genes were compared with 20 putatively neutral control regions resequenced in the same individuals. The regions of interest were amplified by long-PCR, pooled according to individual, indexed by adding an eight-nucleotide tag, and sequenced using the Illumina GAII platform. 1,066 SNPs were called using false discovery and false negative thresholds of ~6%. The neutral regions provided an empirical null distribution to compare with the candidate genes for signals of selection. Two genes stood out. In Laks, a non-synonymous variant within HIF1A already known to be associated with improvement in oxygen metabolism was rediscovered, and in Kubachians a cluster of 13 SNPs located in a conserved intronic region within EGLN1 showing high population differentiation was found. These variants illustrate both the common pathways of adaptation to high altitude in different populations and features specific to the Daghestani populations, showing how even a mildly hypoxic environment can lead to genetic adaptation
Season of birth interacts with measures of inbreeding in multiplex schizophrenia pedigrees: evidence from genetic isolates in Daghestan
No full textWhile the season-of-birth effect is one of the most consistent epidemiological features of schizophrenia, there is a lack of consistency with respect to the interaction between season of birth and family history of schizophrenia. Apart from family history, measures related to consanguinity can be used as proxy markers of genomic heterogeneity. Thus, these measures may provide an alternate, indirect index of genetic susceptibility. We had the opportunity to explore the interaction between season of birth and measure of consanguinity in well-described genetic isolates in Daghestan, some of which are known for their relatively high prevalence of schizophrenia. Our previous population-genetic study showed Daghestan has an extremely high genetic diversity between the ethnic populations and a low genetic diversity within them. The isolates selected for this study include some with more than 200 and some with less than 100 generations of demographical history since their founding. Based on pedigrees of multiply-affected families, we found that among individuals with schizophrenia, the measure of consanguinity was significantly higher in the parents of those born in winter/spring compared to those born in summer/autumn. Furthermore, compared to summer/autumn born, winter/spring born individuals with schizophrenia had an earlier age-of-onset, and more prominent auditory hallucinations. Our results suggest that the offspring of consanguineous marriages, and thus those with reduced allelic heterogeneity, may be more susceptible to the environmental factor(s) underpinning the season-of-the effect in schizophrenia
