100 research outputs found
Age-related changes in blood pressure twenty-four-hour pattern in normotensive subjects of two populations
No full textOBJECTIVES: This study investigates the systolic (S) and diastolic (D) blood pressure (BP) 24-h pattern in normotensive healthy subjects belonging to two populations characterized respectively by a "non-salt culture" (Italian subjects) and a "salt culture" (Japanese subjects) in their dietary salt intake (4-6 g/day in Italians vs 10-12 g/day in Japanese). The comparison was performed by taking into consideration the within-day variability (WDV) and circadian rhythmicity (CR) of BP with respect to age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Subjects investigated were 862 normotensive healthy subjects (308 Italians and 554 Japanese), stratified by age from 16 to 75 years, who volunteered for a noninvasive BP monitoring in an ordinary day of their life. The SBP and DBP time series were analyzed via conventional parametric statistics as well as chronobiological procedures. RESULTS: The biometric estimates demonstrate that BP changes in its WDV and CR as a function of age in both populations. Despite the difference in their habitual salt intake, the age-related changes in BP WDV and CR result to be almost comparable at the cross-sectional contrasts, giving origin to age-related trends for SBP and DBP which are significantly parallel. CONCLUSIONS: The comparability of BP WDV and CR in the two populations with a substantial difference in salt intake suggests that the normotensive status in human races is realized despite the difference in their habitual salt intake. This implies the ancestral development of mechanism(s) of adaptation to the possible "sodium luxus consumption". Although the adaptive mechanisms which provide a normotensive regimen under different conditions of sodium intake are almost unexplored, the racial adaptation to dietary salt constitutes, however, the initial condition for the cause-effect nexus between dietary salt intake and hypertension in human populations
Opioid-induced respiratory depression increases hospital costs and length of stay in patients recovering on the general care floor
No full text10.1186/s12871-021-01307-8BMC Anesthesiology2118
What Gesell wished, Hellbrugge accomplished: Chronomics of child development
No full textThe meeting here summarized was organized in behalf of Theodor Hellbrügge, the founder of social pediatrics, who started in the early 1950s what became chronobiology and chronomics. He and his school described the circadian rhythm in many biological functions, such as body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, peak expiratory flow, and the response of patients treated by corticosteroids and other drugs. Elsewhere, we reviewed the significance of chronobiology for human development and outline some tasks for further research and for prehabilitation. The recognition of invisible disease risks by physiological monitoring and the computer-aided resolution of time structures, chronomes, for this purpose and many others, basic and applied, is the task of pediatric chronomics, that complement chronobiology as genomics and proteomics complement genetics
A retrospective survey of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes for parturients with congenital heart disease
No full textReduced dorsal hippocampal glutamate release significantly correlates with the spatial memory deficits produced by benzodiazepines and ethanol
No full textEstimation of 24-Hour Urinary Sodium(Na) and Potassium(K) Excretion from Predicted Creatinine and Na(or K)/Creatinine Ratio for Second Morning Voiding Urine
No full textThe purpose of this study is to estimate 24-hour sodium (24HUNaV) or potassium (24HUKV) excretion in urine from predicted value (PRCr) of 24-hour creatinine excretiom in urine (24HUCrV) and Na/Cr or K/Cr ratio for the second morning voiding urine (SMVU-Na/Cr or SMVU-K/Cr). Equation for predicting 24HUCrV from age, body weight and body height was developed by the method of forward stepwise regression analysis, based on the data for the average 24HUCrV determined by 24-hour urine collected from 487 clinically healthy subjects for at least 3 days. These procedures have already been described in detail, elsewhere. One hundred and fifty-nine clinically healthy subjects (78 men and 81 women, 19-77 years of age) were studied to estimate 24HUNaV and 24HUKV. Twentyfour-hour urine and SMVU, before breakfast, were collected separately for 3 to 4 days. Values calculated from the form SMVU-Na(or K)/Cr×PRCr were closely correlated with measured 24HUNaV or 24HUKV, respectively. The estimated values for 24HUNaV(YNa) and 24HUKV(YK) were obtained the following equations: YNa=16.3√XNa, XNa=SMVU-Na/Cr×PRCr; YK=7.2,√XK, XK=SMVU-K/Cr×PRCr. The correlation coefficient between YNa(or YX) and 24HUNaV(or 24HUKV) was 0.73 (or 0.78), respectively. SMVU as well as the blood sampling before breakfast is worth using as the screening test for several diseases on the epidemiological survey. It is thought SMVU will be used widely not only for the screening test for diseases but also for estimating 24HUNaV and 24HUKV on the extensive epidemiological survey. (Journal of Health Science Kyushu University, 10: 115-120, 1988
Inhibition by Selenium Compounds of Catecholamine Secretion Due to Inhibition of Ca2+ Influx in Cultured Bovine Adrenal Chromaffin Cells
No full textAbstract.: Selenium is an essential trace metal element, whereas large doses of selenium exert adverse effects to the human body. We examined the effects of selenium compounds, sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and sodium selenate (Na2SeO4), on catecholamine secretion from cultured bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. Treatment of chromaffin cells with sodium selenite for 72, 48, and 24 h caused decreases in protein and catecholamine contents, in association with cell damage, at concentrations over 30, 300, and 300 µM, respectively. The cells treated with subtoxic conditions (<100 µM, 48 h) of sodium selenite were used for further experiments. Sodium selenite treatment for 48 h inhibited carbachol (CCh)-induced catecholamine secretion in a concentration-dependent and non-competitive manner, while it did not affect high K+- and veratridine-induced catecholamine secretion. Sodium selenite (100 µM) did not affect CCh- and veratridine-induced 22Na+ influx, while the compound inhibited 45Ca2+ influx induced only by CCh, but not high K+ and veratridine. Sodium selenate even at higher concentrations (1000 µM) did not affect any stimulus-induced catecholamine secretion and 45Ca2+ influx. Thus, sodium selenite may specifically exert adverse effects, such as inhibition of physiological stimulus-induced catecholamine secretion from adrenal chromaffin cells due to inhibition of Ca2+ influx. Keywords:: adrenal chromaffin cell, catecholamine secretion, ion flux, sodium selenite, trace meta
73 Influence of Different Amounts of Salt Ingestion on the Circadian Variations of Urine Variables in Clinically Normal Male Subjects
No full textNew improving method for the bearing capacities of steel pipe piles installed by water jet vibratory technique
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