15 research outputs found
Roberto de Nobili SJ i misja w Maduraju w latach 1606-1656
Get PDFThe Mission in Madurai 1606-1656 was a unique episode in the history of Christianity in India. During these times changing religion to Christianity meant abandoning one’s culture. Roberto de Nobili, an Italian Jesuit and founder of the mission was the fi rst European to learn Sanskrit, study the scriptures of the Vedas and convert Brahmins. He allowed them to keep their social customs, which was seen as controversial by the church hierarchy. He followed these social rules himself, living the life of an Indian ascetic and thus gaining respect among higher castes. His way of separating Hinduism from Indian culture was, and still is, contentious but it was done for practical purposes. The controversies forced him to defend his arguments on many occasions. In his writings he described Indian traditions and explained his method of missionary work. There were not many followers of de Nobili’s method, who would be able to understand the need of accommodation, undertake studies of Hinduism and be prepared to embrace an ascetic lifestyle. It was not until the 20th century that interreligious dialogue emerged as a concept and some Catholic clergymen found inspiration in Hindu spirituality. The goal of this thesis is to show just how pioneering was the accommodation method used by de Nobili and how his infl uence can still be felt on attempts at interreligious dialogue in the modern era.The Mission in Madurai 1606-1656 was a unique episode in the history of Christianity in India. During these times changing religion to Christianity meant abandoning one’s culture. Roberto de Nobili, an Italian Jesuit and founder of the mission was the fi rst European to learn Sanskrit, study the scriptures of the Vedas and convert Brahmins. He allowed them to keep their social customs, which was seen as controversial by the church hierarchy. He followed these social rules himself, living the life of an Indian ascetic and thus gaining respect among higher castes. His way of separating Hinduism from Indian culture was, and still is, contentious but it was done for practical purposes. The controversies forced him to defend his arguments on many occasions. In his writings he described Indian traditions and explained his method of missionary work. There were not many followers of de Nobili’s method, who would be able to understand the need of accommodation, undertake studies of Hinduism and be prepared to embrace an ascetic lifestyle. It was not until the 20th century that interreligious dialogue emerged as a concept and some Catholic clergymen found inspiration in Hindu spirituality. The goal of this thesis is to show just how pioneering was the accommodation method used by de Nobili and how his infl uence can still be felt on attempts at interreligious dialogue in the modern era
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Irish Law Graduates, the colonial legal service and the Cyprus Emergency, 1955-59
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Nationalism from the pulpit: Revd Michael O’Hickey, Irish education and the Gaelic ideal
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GAMING FOR PEACE: GENDER AWARENESS TRAINING AND THE POLISH MILITARY
No full textDespite regulatory and legal changes, women are persistently underrepresented in
military organisations on peacekeeping missions. This article argues that part of the
reason for this can be found in persistent stereotypical ideas about gender roles, and looks
at the attitudes and experience of Polish military personnel who have been deployed on
peacekeeping missions as evidence of this. However, witnessing other militaries stance on
gender, where such stereotypes are still there, but not as entrenched, can cause personnel
to contextualise if not question their own organisation’s stance on gender. Sixteen Polish
military peacekeepers were interviewed in-depth about their experiences on peacekeeping
missions as part of a European H2020 project, Gaming for Peace (GAP). The interviews were used to build scenarios for a digital role-playing game to develop soft skills among
peacekeeping personnel, and these soft skills included gender awareness. This article
analyses the interviews to explore the experience of gender for both men and women in the
Polish military, and shows that there is an urgent need for the type of training in gender
awareness that is part of GAP
Insight into Trichinella britovi Infection in Pigs: Effect of Various Infectious Doses on Larvae Density and Spatial Larvae Distribution in Carcasses and Comparison of the Detection of Anti-T. britovi IgG of Three Different Commercial ELISA Tests and Immunoblot Assay
No full textThere is limited information available on the Trichinella britovi (T. britovi) muscle larvae (ML) distribution in pig muscle and the humoral immune response of pigs infected with moderate doses of this parasite; therefore, this study investigated the infectivity of a Polish strain of T. britovi for pigs, the antibody response of this host to various doses of T. britovi, and the efficiency of three different commercial ELISA kits and an immunoblot assay at detecting anti-T. britovi IgG. No significant differences in terms of the infection level of particular muscles or of whole carcasses between pigs infected with 3000 and those infected with 5000 ML of T. britovi were observed. The highest intensity of T. britovi infection was reported in the diaphragm pillars. The larvae of T. britovi showed homogeneous distribution with respect to the muscle side. Statistically, specific IgG antibodies against excretory–secretory (ES) antigens of Trichinella ML were first detected by all ELISA protocols on day 36 post infection; however, individual pig results showed some differences between the three tests applied. A significant increase in the level of anti-T. britovi IgG was observed between days 36 and 41 post infection, and from day 45 until day 62 after T. britovi infection, production of these antibodies reached its plateau phase. No positive correlation was found between the anti-T. britovi IgG level and the larvae density in 15 different muscles. Sera of T. britovi-infected pigs showed reactivity with T. britovi ML ES antigens of 62, 55, and 52 kDa. The results provide novel information on spatial larvae distribution in muscles and the humoral immune response of pigs exposed to two different doses of a Polish strain of T. britovi, extend knowledge on serological diagnostic tools which may be introduced in veterinary practice for the detection of T. britovi infections in pig production, and offer practical solutions for meat hygiene inspectors in the field at sampling sites when examining pig carcasses for Trichinella
One-dimensional coordination polymer [Co(H2O) 4(pyz)](NO3)2 • 2H2O (pyz = pyrazine) with intra- and inter-chain H-bonds: Structure, electronic spectral studies and magnetic properties
No full textThe synthesis, structure and magnetic properties of the cobalt(II) complex (1) [Co(H2O)4(pyz)](NO3)2 • 2H2O is reported. The compound crystallizes in the triclinic system, space group P1̄, with cell constants: a = 7.0328(15) Å, b = 7.1255(16) Å, c = 8.4198(19) Å, α = 107.226(4)°, β = 114.242(4)°, γ = 90.487(4)°, Z = 1 and V = 363.35(14) Å3. The structure of 1 consists of elongated octahedral CoO4N2 chromophores with bridging pyrazine ligands forming a one-dimensional coordination polymer along the crystallographic b-axis. The nitrate ions hydrogen-bond to the water ligands (L) and guest water (G), and form H2O(L)⋯H2O(G)⋯NO3-⋯H2O(G)⋯H2O(L) chains which flank either side of the coordination polymer chains. Hydrogen-bonding is extended to neighboring chains forming a two-dimensional network. The solvent effect on the electronic spectra of pyrazine and pyrazine cobalt complex 1 has been investigated. The magnetic susceptibility of complex 1 versus temperature data showed a strong antiferromagnetic coupling between Co ions. The best fitting parameters were obtained for J1-kB = -26.4 K, J2-kB = -2.2 K and g = 2.3. © 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Abragham A, 1970, ELECT PARAMAGNETIC R; ABRAHAMS BF, 1994, NATURE, V369, P727, DOI 10.1038-369727a0; Barbour L. J., 2001, J SUPRAMOL CHEM, V1, P189, DOI DOI 10.1016-S1472-7862(02)00030-8; BINDILATTI V, 1994, PHYS REV B, V50, P14464; Braga D, 1998, CHEM REV, V98, P1375, DOI 10.1021-cr960091b; CARLIN RL, 1985, PHYS REV B, V32, P7476, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.32.7476; CARLUCCI L, 1995, J AM CHEM SOC, V117, P4562, DOI 10.1021-ja00121a014; CARLUCCI L, 1995, ANGEW CHEM INT EDIT, V34, P1895, DOI 10.1002-anie.199518951; CARLUCCI L, 1994, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P2755, DOI 10.1039-c39940002755; CARLUCCI L, 1995, INORG CHEM, V34, P5698, DOI 10.1021-ic00126a048; CARRECK PW, 1971, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1634, DOI 10.1039-c29710001634; Christidis T, 2002, J MAGN MAGN MATER, V242, P939, DOI 10.1016-S0304-8853(01)01317-8; Chui SSY, 1999, SCIENCE, V283, P1148, DOI 10.1126-science.283.5405.1148; Emori S., 1976, COORDIN CHEM REV, V21, P1; FETZER T, 1994, Z ANORG ALLG CHEM, V620, P1750, DOI 10.1002-zaac.19946201015; FISHER ME, 1964, AM J PHYS, V32, P343, DOI 10.1119-1.1970340; Halasyamani P, 1996, Z ANORG ALLG CHEM, V622, P479, DOI 10.1002-zaac.19966220316; HANAK M, 1981, MAT SCI, V7, P185; HAYNES JS, 1986, INORG CHEM, V25, P3740, DOI 10.1021-ic00241a006; HAYNES JS, 1988, CAN J CHEM, V66, P2079, DOI 10.1139-v88-333; Isber S, 1997, J PHYS-CONDENS MAT, V9, P10023, DOI 10.1088-0953-8984-9-45-028; ISBER S, 1995, PHYS REV B, V51, P15211, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.51.15211; Jones CJ, 1998, CHEM SOC REV, V27, P289; JUNG OS, 1994, J AM CHEM SOC, V116, P2229, DOI 10.1021-ja00084a107; Kahn O., 1996, MAGNETISM SUPRAMOLEC; KITAGAWA S, 1992, INORG CHEM, V1714, P31; KITAGAWA S, 1998, B CHEM SOC JPN, V71, P1; KITAGAWA S, 1993, B CHEM SOC JPN, V66, P3387, DOI 10.1246-bcsj.66.3387; KUBEL F, 1981, Z NATURFORSCH B, V36, P441; Lang A, 1996, ADV MATER, V8, P60; LEHN JM, 1995, SUPRAMOL CHEM, P89; LEWICKI A, 1991, PHYS REV B, V43, P5713, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.43.5713; Leznoff DB, 2001, POLYHEDRON, V20, P1247, DOI 10.1016-S0277-5387(01)00601-5; LINDSEY JS, 1991, NEW J CHEM, V15, P153; Lu J, 1997, INORG CHEM, V36, P923, DOI 10.1021-ic961158g; Ma BQ, 2001, POLYHEDRON, V20, P1255, DOI 10.1016-S0277-5387(01)00602-7; MACGILLIVRAY LR, 1994, J CHEM SOC CHEM COMM, P1325, DOI 10.1039-c39940001325; Masoud M.S., 2000, ULTRA SCI PHYSICAL S, V12, P12; Masoud MS, 2001, SPECTROCHIM ACTA A, V57, P977, DOI 10.1016-S1386-1425(00)00416-9; Matsushita MM, 1997, J AM CHEM SOC, V119, P4369, DOI 10.1021-ja964083o; Moulton B, 2001, CRYST ENG, V4, P309, DOI 10.1016-S1463-0184(01)00023-5; OCONNOR CJ, 1981, INORG CHEM, V20, P545, DOI 10.1021-ic50216a046; OTIENO T, 1993, INORG CHEM, V32, P1607, DOI 10.1021-ic00061a015; OTIENO T, 1990, CAN J CHEM, V68, P1901, DOI 10.1139-v90-294; OTIENO T, 1989, CAN J CHEM, V67, P1964, DOI 10.1139-v89-306; OTIENO T, 1993, INORG CHEM, V32, P4384, DOI 10.1021-ic00072a037; REAL JA, 1991, INORG CHEM, V30, P2701, DOI 10.1021-ic00012a026; Sheldrick G. M., 1997, SHELX 97; SPASOJEVIC V, 1991, PHYS STATUS SOLIDI B, V165, P555, DOI 10.1002-pssb.2221650226; STRAHLE J, 1982, MOL CRYST LIQ CRYST, V81, P265, DOI 10.1080-00268948208072573; TURNBULL MM, 1991, POLYHEDRON, V10, P1835, DOI 10.1016-S0277-5387(00)83808-5; Veciana J, 1996, J PHYS I, V6, P1967, DOI 10.1051-jp1:1996199; VILLERET M, 1990, PHYS REV B, V41, P10028, DOI 10.1103-PhysRevB.41.10028; YAGHI OM, 1995, NATURE, V378, P703, DOI 10.1038-378703a0; Yaghi OM, 1996, J AM CHEM SOC, V118, P295, DOI 10.1021-ja953438l; Yanga SY, 2003, ACTA CRYSTALLOGR E, V59, pM961, DOI 10.1107-S1600536803021573; Yoshioka N, 1997, CHEM LETT, P251, DOI 10.1246-cl.1997.251; ZAWOROTKO MJ, 1994, CHEM SOC REV, V23, P283, DOI 10.1039-cs994230028316181
Electronic transfer dynamics for bridged binuclear mixed-valence compounds: Density functional theory study on electronic structure in the ground state for the Creutz-Taube ion under asymmetric distortions
No full textIn order to explore the dynamic problem of the electronic structure in the ground state for the Creutz-Taube ion, the calculations on the electronic potential surfaces along the totally symmetric vibrational difference coordinate of the Ru-N stretch and the net charge distribution on the Ru atoms are carried out by using the density functional theory in the two schemes with or without the Ru-N(pyz) vibration. It is shown that the vibration associated with the totally symmetric vibrational difference coordinate Q(-) can be regarded as a harmonic oscillation with 123.16 eV Angstrom(-2) of the force constant, and 430 cm(-1) of the fundamental frequency is obtained on the basis of the five-body vibrator model. From the electronic structure calculated in the ground state it is concluded that the asymmetric net distribution on the Ru atoms in the Creutz-Taube ion occurs in the vibration associated with the totally symmetric vibrational difference coordinate, and the charge transfer between the Ru atoms and the ligands is responsible for the asymmetric charge distribution. The total symmetric vibrations of Ru-N for the related monomer [(NH3)(5)Ru(pyz)](2+/3+) are further examined. It is found that the reduction of Ru(III) to Ru(II) corresponds to 0.05 Angstrom of the difference in Ru-N distance between the two Ru-subunits under the asymmetric distortion and to 0.012 eV of the potential energy over the zero point energy, which is comparable with kT. The Born-Oppenheimer approximation and the neglected coupling effect between the electronic and nuclear motion in the present paper are briefly discussed. (C) 1999 American Institute of Physics. [S0021-9606(99)30148-3].http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000084242200026&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, Atomic, Molecular & ChemicalSCI(E)EI10ARTICLE2410926-1093311
