64 research outputs found
Seeking an angle of repose:Essays on U.S. business organization law
No full textDeze dissertatie biedt een diepgaande analyse van de ingrijpende veranderingen in het Amerikaanse ondernemingsrecht gedurende de afgelopen 35 jaar. De auteur, James William Callison, bespreekt hoe nieuwe bedrijfsstructuren, zoals de "limited liability company" (LLC), zijn ontstaan en zich hebben verspreid, en hoe bestaande entiteitsvormen ingrijpende wetswijzigingen hebben ondergaan. Deze veranderingen hebben niet alleen nationale implicaties, maar hebben ook een rol gespeeld in internationale discussies, zoals die binnen de Verenigde Naties over juridische structuren voor micro-, kleine en middelgrote ondernemingen.De auteur situeert zijn onderzoek binnen een pragmatische benadering van het recht. Hij ziet ondernemingsrecht als een flexibel en evoluerend systeem dat moet reageren op veranderende maatschappelijke normen en waarden. Callison stelt dat er geen inherente of natuurlijke wetten zijn voor zakelijke entiteiten; ze worden gecreëerd door wetgeving en dienen de mensen die ze gebruiken. Bijvoorbeeld, de bescherming door beperkte aansprakelijkheid is geen vanzelfsprekendheid, maar een wettelijke voorziening die bewust is ingesteld om bepaalde doelen te dienen.Een belangrijk thema in de essays is de invloed van neoliberale principes op het Amerikaanse ondernemingsrecht. De auteur bespreekt hoe deze principes—waarbij de nadruk ligt op contracten en eigendomsrechten als de primaire middelen om economisch welzijn en individuele vrijheid te bevorderen—de ontwikkeling van het recht hebben gevormd. Hij bekritiseert deze benadering, omdat zij vaak voorbijgaat aan bredere sociale overwegingen en pleit voor een meer evenwichtige aanpak waarin zowel de rechten van het individu als de belangen van de gemeenschap worden gerespecteerd.Callison probeert in zijn werk de fundamentele vragen binnen het ondernemingsrecht te integreren. Hij stelt dat dezelfde kernvragen die spelen bij de definitie van fiduciaire plichten ook van toepassing zijn bij het begrijpen van de grenzen van beperkte aansprakelijkheid en bij hervormingen in de sociale ondernemingswetgeving. Zijn benadering is gericht op het vinden van een middenweg tussen extremen, zoals het individualisme en communitarisme, en hij streeft ernaar om een rechtssysteem te bevorderen dat recht doet aan beide perspectieven.In de afsluitende essays richt Callison zich op wat hij "quiddities" noemt: de essentie en vorm van de onderwerpen die hij bespreekt. Hij tracht een balans te vinden tussen rationeel, op wetten gebaseerd denken en een meer intuïtieve, esthetische benadering. Hij vergelijkt het recht met een koraalrif dat organisch groeit en zich aanpast aan zijn omgeving, en streeft naar een systeem dat zowel functioneel als esthetisch bevredigend is.Het uiteindelijke doel van deze dissertatie is het vinden van een "hoek van rust" in het ondernemingsrecht, een stabiel evenwichtspunt waarop de wetgeving rond LLC's, partnerschappen en corporaties tot rust kan komen en zich verder kan ontwikkelen op een manier die duurzaam en evenwichtig is. Callison suggereert dat dit punt mogelijk al in zicht is, gezien de relatieve stabiliteit in de wetgeving op dit gebied in de afgelopen jaren.-This dissertation provides an in-depth analysis of the dramatic changes in American corporate law over the past 35 years. The author, James William Callison, discusses how new business structures, such as the "limited liability company" (LLC), have emerged and spread, and how existing entity forms have undergone significant legal changes. These changes not only have national implications, but have also played a role in international discussions, such as those within the United Nations on legal structures for micro, small and medium-sized enterprises.The author situates his research within a pragmatic approach to law. He sees corporate law as a flexible and evolving system that must respond to changing social norms and values. Callison argues that there are no inherent or natural laws for business entities; they are created by legislation and serve the people who use them. For example, protection through limited liability is not a given, but a legal provision that has been deliberately established to serve certain purposes.An important theme in the essays is the influence of neoliberal principles on American corporate law. The author discusses how these principles—emphasizing contracts and property rights as the primary means of promoting economic well-being and individual freedom—have shaped the development of law. He criticizes this approach because it often ignores broader social considerations and calls for a more balanced approach that respects both the rights of the individual and the interests of the community.Callison tries to integrate the fundamental questions within corporate law in his work. He argues that the same core questions that arise in the definition of fiduciary duties also apply in understanding the limits of limited liability and in reforms in social enterprise law. His approach aims to find a middle ground between extremes, such as individualism and communitarianism, and he strives to promote a legal system that does justice to both perspectives.In the concluding essays, Callison focuses on what he calls "quiddities": the essence and form of the topics he discusses. He tries to find a balance between rational, law-based thinking and a more intuitive, aesthetic approach. He compares law to a coral reef that grows organically and adapts to its environment, and strives for a system that is both functional and aesthetically satisfying.The ultimate goal of this dissertation is to find a "angle of repose" in corporate law, a stable equilibrium point at which the law surrounding LLCs, partnerships, and corporations can settle down and continue to evolve in a way that is sustainable and balanced. Callison suggests that this point may already be in sight, given the relative stability in legislation in this area in recent years
Lattice score based data cleaning for phrase-based statistical machine translation
No full textStatistical machine translation relies heavily
on parallel corpora to train its models
for translation tasks. While more and
more bilingual corpora are readily available,
the quality of the sentence pairs
should be taken into consideration. This
paper presents a novel lattice score-based
data cleaning method to select proper sentence
pairs from the ones extracted from a
bilingual corpus by the sentence alignment
methods. The proposed method is carried
out as follows: firstly, an initial phrasebased
model is trained on the full sentencealigned
corpus; then for each of the sentence
pairs in the corpus, word alignments
are used to create anchor pairs and sourceside
lattices; thirdly, based on the translation
model, target-side phrase networks
are expanded on the lattices and Viterbi
searching is used to find approximated decoding
results; finally, BLEU score thresholds
are used to filter out the low-score
sentence pairs for the data cleaning purpose.
Our experiments on the FBIS corpus
showed improvements of BLEU score
from 23.78 to 24.02 in Chinese-English
Using Mixed Incentives to Document Xi’an Guanzhong
No full textThis paper describes our use of mixed incentives and the citizen science portal LanguageARC to prepare, collect and quality control a large corpus of object namings for the purpose of providing speech data to document the under-represented Guanzhong dialect of Chinese spoken in the Shaanxi province in the environs of Xi’an.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Multimedia Computin
Department of Dental Hygiene Class of 2012
No full textFirst row (left to right): Frances Reichmuth, SADHA President; Kelli Callison, SADHA Secretary; Megan Jenish, SADHA Class Representative; Courtny Wymer, SADHA Class RepresentativeSecond row (left to right): Whitney Bohrn, Shelly Burke, Melissa Butts, Jennifer Davis, Meg DeBord, Stephanie Decker, Krista English, Beverly Gilbert, Mackenzie Gottsponer, Kristen HagerThird row (left to right): Casi Herman, Michelle Holford, Jessie Hutchins, Shelli Leiker Mary Marshall, Leah McConico, Chelsey Miller, Amanda Mohr, Bethany Murray, Julie NashFourth row (left to right): Hayley Pham, Yona Rasynouvong, Amanda Rogers, Kelli Schmidt, Haley Schrag, Laura Sooter, Renee Stout, Jean Xayavongsy, Rose ZimmermanDigitized by University Libraries' Technical Services Institutional Repository & Digitization group.Personal and non-profit use only
Characterization and expression analysis of the Bartonella bacilliformis groES-EL operon
No full textA Design Case Featuring the Graduate Design Studio at Indiana University Bloomington’s Human-Computer Interaction Design Program
No full textIn this article the author illustrates the design of a physical space that was created to serve as a performance intervention for graduate students in the Human-Computer Interaction Design (HCId) program in the School of Informatics, Indiana University Bloomington. Opened in Fall 2010, the HCId Graduate Design Studio was designed to help facilitate collaboration between students and faculty in the HCId Program. An effort was made to document the Studio and students working in the Studio over an extended period of time. The author visited the Design Studio a minimum of ten times between late January and late April 2011. Visits were conducted on different days of the week (Monday - Friday) and at different times of the day to capture a variety of students and activity level in the Studio. In order to gain a perspective on the two distinct groups of students who utilize the Studio, interviews of graduate students from both the HCId Master of Science and Doctoral program were conducted. In addition interviews were conducted of two other important stakeholders, the HCId Program Director and the Director of Facilities for the School of Informatics, both of whom were heavily involved in the design of the Studio. Through faculty and student interviews, text descriptions, photographs, and audio and video recordings this article addresses the design features and their impact, both successful and unsuccessful, on student and faculty collaboration of the HCId Graduate Design Studio
Respiratory disease and virus shedding in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2
No full textThese data are associated with a study on SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques and support a manuscript and preprint on bioRxiv. Respiratory disease and virus shedding in rhesus macaques inoculated with SARS-CoV-2Vincent J. Munster, Friederike Feldmann, Brandi N. Williamson, Neeltje van Doremalen, Lizzette Pérez-Pérez, Jonathan Schulz, Kimberly Meade-White, Atsushi Okumura, Julie Callison, Beniah Brumbaugh, Victoria A. Avanzato, Rebecca Rosenke, Patrick W. Hanley, Greg Saturday, Dana Scott, Elizabeth R. Fischer, Emmie de WitbioRxiv 2020.03.21.001628; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.21.001628An outbreak of a novel coronavirus, now named SARS-CoV-2, causing respiratory disease and a ∼2% case fatality rate started in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Following unprecedented rapid global spread, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic on March 11, 2020. Although data on disease in humans are emerging at a steady pace, certain aspects of the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 can only be studied in detail in animal models, where repeated sampling and tissue collection is possible. Here, we show that SARS-CoV-2 causes respiratory disease in infected rhesus macaques, with disease lasting 8-16 days. Pulmonary infiltrates, a hallmark of human disease, were visible in lung radiographs of all animals. High viral loads were detected in swabs from the nose and throat of all animals as well as in bronchoalveolar lavages; in one animal we observed prolonged rectal shedding. Taken together, the rhesus macaque recapitulates moderate disease observed in the majority of human cases. The establishment of the rhesus macaque as a model of COVID-19 will increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease and will aid development and testing of medical countermeasures.</div
Crowdsourcing for Grammatical Error Correction
No full textPermission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the owner/author(s). Copyright is held by the author/owner(s)
Using same-language machine translation to create alternative target sequences for text-to-speech synthesis
No full textModern speech synthesis systems attempt to produce
speech utterances from an open domain of words. In some situations, the synthesiser will not have the appropriate units to pronounce some words or phrases accurately but it still must attempt to pronounce them. This paper presents a hybrid machine translation and unit selection speech synthesis system. The machine translation system was trained with English as the source and target language. Rather than the synthesiser only saying the input text as would happen in conventional synthesis systems, the synthesiser may say an alternative utterance with the same
meaning. This method allows the synthesiser to overcome the
problem of insufficient units in runtime
Emerg Infect Dis
No full textMali had 2 reported introductions of Ebola virus (EBOV) during the 2013-2016 West Africa epidemic. Previously, no evidence for EBOV circulation was reported in Mali. We performed an EBOV serosurvey study in southern Mali. We found low seroprevalence in the population, indicating local exposure to EBOV or closely related ebola viruses
- …
