69 research outputs found
Correction: The effect of specific bioactive collagen peptides on function and muscle remodeling during human resistance training
No full textThis article corrects the following: The effect of specific bioactive collagen peptides on function and muscle remodeling during human resistance trainingBalshaw TG, Funnell MP, McDermott E, et al. The effect of specific bioactive collagen peptides on function and muscle remodeling during human resistance training. Acta Physiol. 2023;237:e13903. doi:10.1111/apha.13903In the published article, the dietary analysis result section text and corresponding results table (Table 1) have been modified due to an error with one participant's dietary analysis data within the collagen peptide (CP) supplementation group. Mean and SD values have been updated for accuracy as have unpaired t-test p values, but this error does not alter statistical outcomes or the interpretation of the dietary analysis data, or any other data within the article. The corrected text appears below.The lead author apologizes for this error.</p
The contemporary response to British art before Ruskin's "Modern painters" : an examination of exhibition reviews published in the British periodical press and the journalist art critics who penned them : from the late eighteenth century to 1843
No full textA particular literary genre, the exhibition review, forms the subject
of this dissertation. It represents one facet of a discourse which
began to develop in Britain during the latter years of the eighteenth
century. Art historians have become increasingly interested in such
criticism, but have usually treated it, not as an historical phenomenon
which in itself deserves a full investigation, but as a pool of evidence
from which to draw remarks concerning individual artists or works of
art
It is argued that such a one-dimensional approach is unsatisfactory,
but that in attempting to go beyond it, the methodological problems
posed by this primary source need to be considered. It is stressed that
the building up of a basic corpus of knowledge is very important, and an
inventory of identified critics is presented in order to assist this.
Some observations on the careers of these critics are given.
The exhibition reviews published in two contrasting periodicals, the
Sun and The Examiner, form the subjects of case studies. The latter are
known to have been penned by Robert Hunt and present no problems of
attribution. The former are ascribed to John Taylor and the supporting
evidence is put forward. The reviews are compared and it is shown how
they differed according to their published contexts, and according to
the idiosyncracies of their authors.
It is suggested that in spite of these differences, a shared critical
idiom was a strong force which led reviewers to make many similar
comments. This idiom and the precedents which determined its nature are
examined. The ways in which it at once harboured and yet disguised
certain ideologies are demonstrated. Evidence which helps to place
reviews into a more rounded picture of the past is given in conclusion,
including statements which show that contemporaries perceived the press
as an important influence on the development of taste
A structural study of PrCrO3 under extreme conditions: a comparison with the effects of doping
No full textAuthor Correction: Deleterious mutations predicted in the sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Maturity (Ma) and Dwarf (Dw) genes from whole‑genome resequencing
No full textA biopsychosocial model of diabetes self-management: mediators and moderators
No full textDiabetes mellitus (diabetes), an endocrine disorder, is in epidemic proportions globally, threatening the well being of people affected and challenging health care systems. In the main, diabetes warrants adjustments to lifestyle and therapeutic interventions simply to self-manage the condition. Research in self-management of diabetes has targeted socio-cognitive theory and espoused self-efficacy as the main driver of self-management. More recently, self-regulatory theory has focused on illness representations and argued they are the force underpinning goal directed behaviours. Research to-date has tended to adopt one or other of the prevailing theoretical models to the exclusion of key concepts in other explanatory health behaviour models. Studies are lacking in demonstrating a comprehensive exploration of the interrelationships between self-regulatory skills inherent in self-management, illness representations and self-efficacy with other potential health behaviour determinants. In this thesis, it was postulated that an integrated biopsychosocial model of self-management was warranted to account for the complexities of human understanding and interactions within a naturalistic setting.
The purpose of this dissertation was to develop and substantiate a conceptual model of diabetes self-management integrating key concepts from health behaviour theories within a structure of four broad determinants of health behaviour, which were: personal traits, diabetes traits, socio-environmental factors and health contextual factors. Specifically, determinants associated with diabetes self-management behaviours and the predictors for its success for those with type 1 and type 2 diabetes was sought. In order to substantiate the proposed integrated model a cross-sectional design, using quantitative survey methodology, was undertaken. Structural equation modelling allowed interrelationships in the integrated model to be explored simultaneously and advanced model testing thus far in the field. The study involved males (n = 504) and females (n = 519), aged over 18 years (M = 63.90, SD = 13.89) who had a diagnosis of either type 1 or type 2 diabetes and who resided in Western Australia.
Model testing substantiated the integrated biopsychosocial model proposed and was relatively parsimonious, making the application of the findings to a clinical setting possible. Key predictors for both types of diabetes were: self-efficacy, diabetes distress, diabetes traits, self-determination support by health care professionals and to some extent age of the person with diabetes. In addition, locus of control by doctors was important for type 2 diabetes and marital status and socio-economic status for type 1 diabetes. The presence of emotional distress had a negative effect on interrelated factors, emphasising the criticality of its assessment and management by health professionals if self-management is to be achieved. Illness representations had low or minimal predictive power, refuting claims that it is responsible for the initiation of goal directed behaviours.
The integrated model, a first of its kind in the Australian context, contributes to existing knowledge in diabetes self-management through its attention to contextualising the self-regulatory individual within their personal, social and health environment. In particular it makes explicit the distinguishing integrated predictors for type 1 and type 2 diabetes previously unknown in the adult population. Through the understanding of predictors, the health sector is better placed to target predictors in supporting self-management
A comon genomic framework for a diverse assembly of plasmids in the symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria
No full textThis work centres on the genomic comparisons of two closely-related nitrogen-fixing symbiotic bacteria, Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar viciae 3841 and Rhizobium etli CFN42. These strains maintain a stable genomic core that is also common to other rhizobia species plus a very variable and significant accessory component. The chromosomes are highly syntenic, whereas plasmids are related by fewer syntenic blocks and have mosaic structures. The pairs of plasmids p42f-pRL12, p42e-pRL11 and p42b-pRL9 as well large parts of p42c with pRL10 are shown to be similar, whereas the symbiotic plasmids (p42d and pRL10) are structurally unrelated and seem to follow distinct evolutionary paths. Even though purifying selection is acting on the whole genome, the accessory component is evolving more rapidly. This component is constituted largely for proteins for transport of diverse metabolites and elements of external origin. The present analysis allows us to conclude that a heterogeneous and quickly diversifying group of plasmids co-exists in a common genomic framework
The effect of specific bioactive collagen peptides on function and muscle remodeling during human resistance training
No full textAim: Bioactive collagen peptides (CP) have been suggested to augment the functional, structural (size and architecture), and contractile adaptations of skeletal muscle to resistance training (RT), but with limited evidence. This study aimed to determine if CP vs. placebo (PLA) supplementation enhanced the functional and underpinning structural, and contractile adaptations after 15 weeks of lower body RT. Methods: Young healthy males were randomized to consume either 15 g of CP (n = 19) or PLA (n = 20) once every day during a standardized program of progressive knee extensor, knee flexor, and hip extensor RT 3 times/wk. Measurements pre‐ and post‐RT included: knee extensor and flexor isometric strength; quadriceps, hamstrings, and gluteus maximus volume with MRI; evoked twitch contractions, 1RM lifting strength, and architecture (with ultrasound) of the quadriceps. Results: Percentage changes in maximum strength (isometric or 1RM) did not differ between‐groups (0.684 ≤ p ≤ 0.929). Increases in muscle volume were greater (quadriceps 15.2% vs. 10.3%; vastus medialis (VM) 15.6% vs. 9.7%; total muscle volume 15.7% vs. 11.4%; [all] p ≤ 0.032) or tended to be greater (hamstring 16.5% vs. 12.8%; gluteus maximus 16.6% vs. 12.9%; 0.089 ≤ p ≤ 0.091) for CP vs. PLA. There were also greater increases in twitch peak torque (22.3% vs. 12.3%; p = 0.038) and angle of pennation of the VM (16.8% vs. 5.8%, p = 0.046), but not other muscles, for CP vs. PLA. Conclusions: CP supplementation produced a cluster of consistent effects indicating greater skeletal muscle remodeling with RT compared to PLA. Notably, CP supplementation amplified the quadriceps and total muscle volume increases induced by RT
The Effect of Specific Bioactive Collagen Peptides on Tendon Remodelling during 15 Weeks of Lower Body Resistance Training
No full textPurpose
Collagen peptide supplementation has been reported to enhance synthesis rates or growth in a range of musculoskeletal tissues and could enhance tendinous tissue adaptations to resistance training (RT). This double-blind placebo-controlled study aimed to determine if tendinous tissue adaptations, size (patellar tendon cross-sectional area [CSA] and vastus lateralis [VL] aponeurosis area) and mechanical properties (patellar tendon), following 15 weeks of RT could be augmented with collagen peptide (CP) vs. placebo (PLA) supplementation
Methods
Young healthy recreationally active men were randomized to consume either 15 g of CP (n=19) or PLA (n=20) once every day during a standardized program of lower-body RT (3 times/wk). Measurements pre- and post-RT included: patellar tendon CSA and VL aponeurosis area (via MRI); patellar tendon mechanical properties during isometric knee extension ramp contractions.
Results
No between-group differences were detected for any of the tendinous tissue adaptations to RT (ANOVA group x time, 0.365 ≤ P ≤ 0.877). There were within-group increases in VL aponeurosis area (CP: +10.0%, PLA: +9.4%), patellar tendon stiffness (CP: +17.3% PLA: +20.9%) and Young’s Modulus (CP: +17.8%; PLA: +20.6%) in both groups (paired t-tests [all] P ≤ 0.007). There were also within-group decreases in patellar tendon elongation (CP: -10.8%, PLA: -9.6%) and strain (CP: -10.6%, PLA: -8.9%) in both groups (paired t-tests [all] P ≤ 0.006). Whilst no within-group changes in patellar tendon CSA (mean or regional) occurred for CP or PLA, a modest overall time effect (n=39) was observed for mean (+1.4%) and proximal region (+2.4%) patellar tendon CSA (ANOVA, 0.017 ≤ P ≤ 0.048).
Conclusions
In conclusion, CP supplementation did not enhance RT-induced tendinous tissue remodelling (either size or mechanical properties) compared to PLA within a population of healthy young males
Changing Patients’ Treatment Preferences and Values With a Decision Aid for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Results from the Treatment Arm of a Randomized Controlled Trial
No full textArticle full textThe full text of this article can
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Quality of life and multiple long-term conditions in Southeast Asia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
No full textData availability:
The data informing from this review are extracted from previously published studies in the public domain. The dataset generated and analysed during the review is available on Figshare repository (https://doi.org/10.25392/leicester.data.30156316.v1)."We are providing an unedited version of this manuscript to give early access to its findings. Before final publication, the manuscript will undergo further editing. Please note there may be errors present which affect the content, and all legal disclaimers apply."Supplementary information is available online at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-68197-z#Sec16 .This review systematically synthesised the evidence on quality of life measures and outcomes for people living with multiple long-term conditions in the Southeast Asia region. Results were analysed using a combination of methods, meta-analysis for studies where the same quality of life score was reported across three or more cohorts, and descriptive narrative synthesis. In total, 34 studies comprising 11,876 participants were included in the narrative synthesis and 14 of these were included in meta-analysis. The most common quality of life tools used included WHOQOL-BREF ( n = 8) and EQ-5D-5L ( n = 3) with pooled mean values of 70.47 (95% CI: 62.71 to 78.24) and 0.76 (95% CI: 0.67 to 0.84) respectively, indicating reduced but good quality of life. As healthcare systems adapt to the evolving challenges associated with multiple long-term conditions, understanding the tools and measures used to assess quality of life in different contexts becomes imperative to account for disease combinations and cultural nuances.This research was funded by the NIHR Global Health Research Centre for Multiple Long-Term Conditions using UK aid from the UK Government to support global health research (NIHR203257). The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the UK government. K.K. is supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC EM), NIHR Global Research Centre for Multiple Long-Term Conditions, NIHR Cross NIHR Collaboration for Multiple Long-Term Conditions, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre (BRC) and the British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Excellence. M.P.F., D.I., S.C., S.J. and A.P. are supported by the NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands (ARC EM). P.H. and R.A. are supported by an Advanced Research Fellowship award from the National Institute of Health and Care Research (NIHR303176). S.C. is supported by the supported by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Global Health Research Group for Cardiometabolic Disease Research in Africa Partnership (CREATE) (NIHR132995)
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