2,605 research outputs found
© notice, is given to the source. Early Admissions at Selective Colleges
No full textThis paper developed out of work done independently by the authors, most importantly a paper by Avery titled "Preferences and Signaling in a Matching Market. " We thank Jeremy Bulow for suggesting a collaboration and providing detailed suggestions. Levin thanks the Toulouse Network on Information Technology for research support. The views expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications
"The Consolidated Assistance Program, Reforming Welfare by Synchronizing Public Assistance Benefits"
No full textLevin-Waldman examines the structure of existing welfare programs and concludes that the current array of benefits could be synchronized and consolidated to create a new system that would provide economic incentives to work. He suggests combining elements of the earned income tax credit (EITC) and current welfare programs into one program, a consolidated assistance program (CAP). Levin-Waldman argues that a program composed of an assistance component (with one set of benefits for working parents and a different set for nonworking parents) and a child support component could be designed to assure minimal subsistence to those unable to work while providing incentives for those on welfare to work without, in effect, penalizing them for getting off welfare. Such a program would reform welfare more expeditiously than a plan that would simply expand the EITC or put a time limit on welfare benefits. Moreover, such a plan would not necessarily add to the national budget deficit.
The Economics of Internet Markets
No full textThe internet has facilitated the creation of new markets characterized by large scale, increased customization, rapid innovation and the collection and use of detailed consumer and market data. I describe these changes and some of the economic theory that has been useful for thinking about online advertising markets, retail and business-to-business e-commerce, internet job matching and financial exchanges, and other internet platforms. I also discuss the empirical evidence on competition and consumer behavior in internet markets and some directions for future research.
'Giving honour to the Spirit' : a critical analysis and evaluation of the doctrine of pneumatological union in the Trinitarian theology of Jonathan Edwards in dialogue with Karl Barth
No full textThe extent to which the 'honour' of the Spirit influenced the theology of
Jonathan Edwards is a hitherto underdeveloped theme. Against a backdrop of
Patristic thought and in dialogue with the theology of Karl Barth, evaluation is
made of pneumatological union in Edwards' Trinitarian theology as this centres
on the nature and inter-relatedness of the 'three unions' that characterize his
theology: the union of the three Persons of the Trinity, the union of the saints
with God, and the union of the divine and human natures of Christ.
Edwards' seeks to honour the Spirit as the mutual love of the Father for the Son
within his Augustinian, Lockean model of the immanent Trinity, and as 'Person'
in the economy. The challenges of doing so within the limits of this
psychological model of the Trinity are evaluated in dialogue with the
Cappadocian Fathers and Barth.
In a manner patterned after union in the Trinity, Edwards gave prominence to the
concept of the pneumatological union of the saints with God in Christ, in
fulfilment of the self-glorifying purpose of God in creation and redemption.
Edwards' experiential theology of conversion, and his elevation of subjective
sanctification by the Spirit over objective justification in Christ, for assurance, is
contrasted with Barth's greater emphases on the Christological union of God
with humanity and objective justification in Christ. Barth's more contemplative
approach is contrasted with the overly introspective spirituality of Edwards.
Edwards' view of the role of the Spirit in the hypostatic union of God with
humanity in Christ, which is reflective of the other unions, is also evaluated in
light of Patristic, Reformed-Puritan and Barthian thought on the nature of the
humanity Christ assumed, and the doctrine of the vicarious humanity of Christ. A
more emphatic incarnational emphasis may have saved Edwards' Spirit-
honouring spirituality from an anthropocentricity which is ironical given that the
glory of God is his ontic doxological concern
The Economics of Internet Markets
No full textThe internet has facilitated the creation of new markets characterized by large scale, increased customization, rapid innovation and the collection and use of detailed consumer and market data. I describe these changes and some of the economic theory that has been useful for thinking about online advertising markets, retail and business-to-business e-commerce, internet job matching and financial exchanges, and other internet platforms. I also discuss the empirical evidence on competition and consumer behavior in internet markets and some directions for future research.internet, market, innovation, advertising, retail, e-commerce, financial exchanges
Empirical Industrial Organization: A Progress Report
No full textThe field of Industrial Organization has made dramatic advances over the last few decades in developing empirical methods for analyzing imperfect competition and the organization of markets. We describe the motivation for these developments and some of the successes. We also discuss the relative emphasis that applied work in the field has placed on economic theory relative to statistical research design, and the possibility that a focus on methodological innovation has crowded out applications. We offer some suggestions about how the field may progress in coming years.
Mass-analysed ion kinetic energy and collisional activation spectra of clusters of per-O-methylated [beta]-D-xylotriose with protonated reagents formed under the conditions of chemical ionization
No full textKovácik V, Grützmacher H-F. Mass-analysed ion kinetic energy and collisional activation spectra of clusters of per-O-methylated [beta]-D-xylotriose with protonated reagents formed under the conditions of chemical ionization. Organic Mass Spectrometry. 1990;25(12):687-688
Exploring Responsibility Attribution in Realistic Scenarios Involving Intelligent Agents
No full textAs artificial intelligence (AI) systems get increasingly involved in decision-making across industries, debates have emerged regarding responsibility attribution in scenarios with AI being the moral actor. This study contributes to the discussion by examining the influence of social perception on moral judgments to scenarios involving AI and other non-human entities, referred to as “agent”. Specifically, we investigate the impact of narrative framing, the human-agent distinction, and general attitudes toward AI on moral judgments and trust in AI-based decision-making, while emphasizing the mediating roles of anthropomorphic attributions and cognitive conflicts. Based on Jaeger’s (2020) anthropomorphism theory, we differentiate between near (surface-level, direct) and far (deep-level, inferred) attributes to analyze their independent impacts.
Participants reported general attitudes toward AI and baseline cognitive conflicts before being randomly assigned to a scenario involving an advisor from a healthcare platform providing incorrect medical advice, resulting in financial loss for a human user. The advisor was either an AI described in humanized narrative framing, an AI described in mechanical narrative framing, or a human advisor. Participants then assessed blame attribution, financial punishment, anthropomorphism attribution, trust in the advisor, and situational cognitive conflict. We initially conducted ANCOVA and mediation analyses collapsing the agent conditions (as no significant differences emerged), followed by an exploratory mediation analysis excluding the human condition and adding non-minimal far-attribution as a mediator.
Results indicated insignificant effect of narrative framing alone and significant effect of human-agent distinction on responsibility attribution and trust. Human advisors were associated with lower blame attributes and higher trust than agent advisors. Positive attitudes towards AI predicted lower advisor blames, while negative attitudes predicted reduced trust only in primary analyses. Induced cognitive conflict directly increased advisor trust. Lastly, non-minimal far-attribution was associated with less platform blame and higher trust in agent advisors. These findings support established literature in algorithm aversion and highlight the roles of deep anthropomorphism attributes, general attitudes, and cognitive conflicts in shaping moral judgments and trust with agents, providing insights for reliable and trustworthy AI practices
Elections
No full textContested Election - Samuel D. Vaughan vs. John Matthews: Writ of summons issued by Thomas M. Rodney, Esq., Chairman of the Committee on Elections of the House of Representatives, to William W. Hudson, Sergeant-at-arms of the House, commanding that he summon William J.W. Purnell, James Connoway, Levin Connoway, Jonathan Owns, John Wrotten, Smith Wrotten, James Johnson, Nathan Johnson, Cornelius Coulter, Purnell Tatman, and John C. Barwick to appear before the House Committee on Elections
Elections
No full textContested Election - Samuel D. Vaughan vs. John Matthews: Writ of summons issued by Thomas M. Rodney, Esq., Chairman of the Committee on Elections of the House of Representatives, to William W. Hudson, Sergeant-at-arms of the House, commanding that he summon William J.W. Purnell, James Connoway, Levin Connoway, Jonathan Owns, John Wrotten, Smith Wrotten, James Johnson, Nathan Johnson, Cornelius Coulter, Purnell Tatman, and John C. Barwick to appear before the House Committee on Elections
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