187 research outputs found
Developmental Consequences of the Ebola Outbreak in Western Africa
No full textThis event is hosted by Sigma Iota Rho, the International Studies Honor Society.Presented on October 6, 2014 at 6:00 p.m. in the Student Center Theater on the Georgia Tech Campus.Runtime: 80:41 minutesThis interdisciplinary panel will feature Dr. Margaret Kosal of the Nunn School, Dr. Alberto Fuentes of the Nunn School, Dr. Dave Bull of the Centers for Disease Control, and Dr. Jonas Winchell of the School of Biology. These four professionals will explain the microbiology and epidemiology of the ebola virus, the recent U.S. military response, and the implications that this epidemic poses for economic development in Western Africa
Hand-book of Minneapolis, prepared for the thirty-second annual meeting of the American association for the advancement of science, held in Minneapolis, Minn., Aug. 15-22, 1883.
No full textThe author was assisted by N.H. Winchell of the State geological survey in the collection and arrangement of geological and physical facts.Mode of access: Internet
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
No full textWe developed a single tube multiplex real-time PCR assay that allows for the rapid detection and typing of 9 nonpneumophila Legionella spp. isolates that are clinically relevant. The multiplex assay is capable of simultaneously detecting and discriminating L. micdadei, L. bozemanii, L. dumoffii, L. longbeachae, L. feeleii, L. anisa, L. parisiensis, L. tucsonensis serogroup (sg) 1 and 3, and L. sainthelensis sg 1 and 2 isolates. Evaluation of the assay with nucleic acid from each of these species derived from both clinical and environmental isolates and typing strains demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity when tested against 43 other Legionella spp. Typing of L. anisa, L. parisiensis, and L. tucsonensis sg 1 and 3 isolates was accomplished by developing a real-time PCR assay followed by high-resolution melt (HRM) analysis targeting the ssrA gene. Further typing of L. bozemanii, L. longbeachae, and L. feeleii isolates to the serogroup level was accomplished by developing a real-time PCR assay followed by HRM analysis targeting the mip gene. When used in conjunction with other currently available diagnostic tests, these assays may aid in rapidly identifying specific etiologies associated with Legionella outbreaks, clusters, sporadic cases, and potential environmental sources.CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States
Front Microbiol
No full textOver the past decade there have been significant advancements in the methods used for detecting and characterizing Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a common cause of respiratory illness and community-acquired pneumonia worldwide. The repertoire of available molecular diagnostics has greatly expanded from nucleic acid amplification techniques (NAATs) that encompass a variety of chemistries used for detection, to more sophisticated characterizing methods such as multi-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA), Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), single nucleotide polymorphism typing, and numerous macrolide susceptibility profiling methods, among others. These many molecular-based approaches have been developed and employed to continually increase the level of discrimination and characterization in order to better understand the epidemiology and biology of M. pneumoniae. This review will summarize recent molecular techniques and procedures and lend perspective to how each has enhanced the current understanding of this organism and will emphasize how Next Generation Sequencing may serve as a resource for researchers to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the genomic complexities of this insidious pathogen.27014191PMC478187
Mucosal immune responses to HIV-1 C4/V3 epitopes following genetic or peptide immunizations of rabbits
No full textThe studies reported herein were designed to elicit secretory IgA (S-IgA) responses to specific epitopes of the HIV-1 envelope protein gp120. Since HIV is most often acquired after sexual contact at mucosal surfaces, a S-IgA response may reduce transmission rates. The synthetic peptide T1- SP10MN(A) is derived from the V3 loop and C4 domains of gp120 and contains T-helper, B-cell, and CTL epitopes. This 40 amino acid peptide was first tested for its ability to induce immunity after systemic immunizations and generated high titered antibody responses. The mucosal immunogenicity of this peptide was subsequently examined using the Thiry-Vella loop model in rabbits. Groups of five rabbits were intestinally immunized with either T1-SP10MN(A) alone, T1-SP10MN(A) plus the mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin (CT), or T1-SP10MN(A) linked to the mucosal carrier protein LT-B and admixed with CT. Intestinal secretions and sera demonstrated specific S-IgA and serum IgG responses, respectively. These results indicated that T1-SP10MN(A) was immunogenic upon mucosal administration and allowed for additional studies intended to induce specific S-IgA antibody responses in vaginal and fecal secretions.^ The first vaccine strategy consisted of intranasal peptide immunizations where five rabbits received T1-SP10MN(A) co-administered with CT. Three animals generated specific S-IgA in nasal and vaginal secretions, while all five contained serum anti-T1-SP10MN(A) IgG. This study further establishes the correlation between nasal immunizations and vaginal immunity.^ The second study focused on a novel technique known as DNA vaccination. A mammalian-based plasmid containing the sequence encoding T1-SP10MN(A) was delivered to the Peyer\u27s patches (PP) of five rabbits using the helium-driven gene gun. Two of five animals received intradermal boosts of plasmid at week 6. The PP was chosen as a target because it is the principal inductive site found in the intestine. Following immunization, high titered S-IgA responses were observed in specific vaginal and fecal samples and serum IgG was detected in two animals. The two boosted animals displayed an augmentation of S-IgA responses in both vaginal and fecal samples. This study establishes the PP as a promising mucosal target tissue for DNA immunization.^ These studies may assist in future HIV vaccine research, especially those focusing on eliciting mucosal immunity.
Genome Announc
No full textWe report here the complete genome sequences of two of the earliest known strains of Legionella pneumophila subsp. fraseri Detroit-1 is serogroup 1 and was isolated from a lung biopsy specimen in 1977. Dallas 1E is serogroup 5 and was isolated in 1978 from a cooling tower.28153889PMC528967
Genome Announc
No full textHere, we report the complete genome sequences of Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 strains OLDA and Pontiac, which predate the 1976 Philadelphia Legionnaires' disease outbreak. Strain OLDA was isolated in 1947 from an apparent sporadic case, and strain Pontiac caused an explosive outbreak at a Michigan health department in 1968.27563044PMC500082
Neighborhood Planning through Community Service-Learning: The Empowerment of East Sprague Neighborhood Residents in Spokane, Washington
No full textThis essay explores Eastern Washington University\u27s East Central Neighborhood Partnership Center project, which utilized coordinated community service-learning classes and internships to create a neighborhood revitalization plan in partnership with a neighborhood council and community-based organizations. The author explores the ways in which the long-term relationship between the university and neighborhood organizations effectively promoted community service-learning classes across disciplines and expanded community participation to address community needs and to build community empowerment
Genome Announc
No full textLegionella pneumophila is the leading etiology of legionellosis infections in North America and Europe. Here we report the draft genome sequence of L. pneumophila D-5864, a serogroup 6 strain, which was isolated from a bronchial alveolar lavage specimen of a male patient from Arizona in 2009. Genes within the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-biosynthesis region could potentially be determinants of serogroup specificity
Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis
No full textLegionnaires' disease is a severe respiratory disease that is estimated to cause between 8,000 and 18,000 hospitalizations each year, though the exact burden is unknown due to under-utilization of diagnostic testing. Although Legionella pneumophila is the most common species detected in clinical cases (80-90%), other species have also been reported to cause disease. However, little is known about Legionnaires' disease caused by these non-pneumophila species. We designed a multiplex real-time PCR assay for detection of all Legionella spp. and simultaneous specific identification of four clinically-relevant Legionella species, L. anisa, L. bozemanii, L. longbeachae, and L. micdadei, using 5'-hydrolysis probe real-time PCR. The analytical sensitivity for detection of nucleic acid from each target species was 6450fg per reaction. We demonstrated the utility of this assay in spiked human sputum specimens. This assay could serve as a tool for understanding the scope and impact of non-pneumophila Legionella species in human disease.CC999999/Intramural CDC HHSUnited States
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