6,112 research outputs found
Auditory stimulus timing influences perceived duration of co-occurring visual stimuli
No full textThere is increasing interest in multisensory influences upon sensory-specific judgments, such as when auditory stimuli affect visual perception. Here we studied whether the duration of an auditory event can objectively affect the perceived duration of a co-occurring visual event. On each trial, participants were presented with a pair of successive flashes and had to judge whether the first or second was longer. Two beeps were presented with the flashes. The order of short and long stimuli could be the same across audition and vision (audio–visual congruent) or reversed, so that the longer flash was accompanied by the shorter beep and vice versa (audio–visual incongruent); or the two beeps could have the same duration as each other. Beeps and flashes could onset synchronously or asynchronously. In a further control experiment, the beep durations were much longer (tripled) than the flashes. Results showed that visual duration discrimination sensitivity (d′) was significantly higher for congruent (and significantly lower for incongruent) audio–visual synchronous combinations, relative to the visual-only presentation. This effect was abolished when auditory and visual stimuli were presented asynchronously, or when sound durations tripled those of flashes. We conclude that the temporal properties of co-occurring auditory stimuli influence the perceived duration of visual stimuli and that this can reflect genuine changes in visual sensitivity rather than mere response bias
DRIVER rehberi 2.0: içerik sağlayıcılar için rehber - OAI-PMH ile metinsel bilgi kaynaklarının keşfi
No full textBu rehber dijital bilimsel kaynakların ortaya çıkarılmasında Kurumsal Arşiv Yöneticileri ve sorumlularının OAI-PMH ve Dublin Core Üst Verisini kullanarak kurumsal arşiv çıktılarını standart hale getirebilmesi ve oluşturulan bu arşivlerin birlikte çalişabirliğini sağlamak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır. Rehberin çevirisi 19.08.2014 tarihinde tamamlanarak kullanıma sunulmuştur.Çelik, Sönmez (Dogus Author)Genel anlamda iletişim için B kişisinin A kişinin söylediğini anlayabilmesi çok önemlidir. Ortak bir anlayış için ortak bir zemin, nesnelerin anlamları konusunda farkındalık sağlayan temel bir sözlüğe ihtiyaç vardır. Bu noktadan sonra kişi akıl yürütmeye başlayabilir. Açık erişim sistemleri akademik iletişimi desteklemek için aynı dili konuşmalıdır. Bu aynı zamanda ortak bir zemin yaratmak için de gereklidir.
Teknik anlamda, “konuşabilirlik” sağlayarak ortak bir zemin yaratırız. Konuşabilirlik farklı katmanlarda yürütülebilir. DRIVER Rehberinde konuşabilirlik, söz dizimsel (OAI-PMH kullanımı ve OAI_DC kullanımı) ve anlamsal (terminolojinin kullanımı) olmak üzere iki temel yolla elde edilmeye çalışılmıştır
Driver statistics report, statewide overall detailed
No full textThis archived document is maintained by the Oregon State Library as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Title from PDF caption (viewed on January 2, 2014)Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection
2D but not 3D: pictorial-depth deficits in a case of visual agnosia
No full textPatients with visual agnosia exhibit acquired impairments in visual object recognition, that may or may not involve deficits in low-level perceptual abilities. Here we report a case (patient DM) who after head injury presented with object recognition deficits. He still appears able to extract 2D information from the visual world in a relatively intact manner; but his ability to extract pictorial information about 3D object-structure is greatly compromised. His copying of line drawings is relatively good, and he is accurate and shows apparently normal mental rotation when matching or judging objects tilted in the picture-plane. But he performs poorly on a variety of tasks requiring 3D representations to be derived from 2D stimuli, including: performing mental rotation in depth, rather than in the picture-plane; judging the relative depth of two regions depicted in line-drawings of objects; and deciding whether a line-drawing represents an object that is ‘impossible’ in 3D. Interestingly, DM failed to show several visual illusions experienced by normals (Muller-Lyer and Ponzo), that some authors have attributed to pictorial depth cues. Taken together, these findings indicate a deficit in achieving 3D intepretations of objects from 2D pictorial cues, that may contribute to object-recognition problems in agnosia
Driver and Motor Vehicle Services Field Services management basic organizational chart
No full textThis archived document is maintained by the Oregon State Library as part of the Oregon Documents Depository Program. It is for informational purposes and may not be suitable for legal purposes.Title from PDF caption (viewed on July 23, 2014)Mode of access: Internet from the Oregon Government Publications Collection.Text in Englis
Rhythmic TMS over parietal cortex links distinct brain frequencies to global versus local visual processing
No full textNeural networks underlying visual perception exhibit oscillations at different frequencies (e.g., [1-6]). But how these map onto distinct aspects of visual perception remains elusive. Recent electroencephalography data indicate that theta or beta frequencies at parietal sensors increase in amplitude when conscious perception is dominated by global or local features, respectively, of a reversible visual stimulus [6]. But this provides only correlative, noninterventional evidence. Here we show via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) interventions that short rhythmic bursts of right-parietal TMS at theta or beta frequency can causally benefit processing of global or local levels, respectively, for hierarchical visual stimuli, especially in the context of salient incongruent distractors. This double dissociation between theta and beta TMS reveals distinct causal roles for particular frequencies in processing global versus local visual feature
Grouping puts figure-ground assignment in context by constraining propagation of edge assignment.
No full textFigure-ground organization involves the assignment of edges to a figural shape on one or the other side of each dividing edge. Established visual cues for edge assignment primarily concern relatively local rather than contextual factors. In the present article, we show that an assignment for a locally unbiased edge can be affected by an assignment of a remote contextual edge that has its own locally biased assignment. We find that such propagation of edge assignment from the biased remote context occurs only when the biased and unbiased edges are grouped. This new principle, whereby grouping constrains the propagation of figural edge assignment, emerges from both subjective reports and an objective short-term edge-matching task. It generalizes from moving displays involving grouping by common fate and collinearity, to static displays with grouping by similarity of edge-contrast polarity, or apparent occlusion. Our results identify a new contextual influence on edge assignment. They also identify a new mechanistic relation between grouping and figure-ground processes, whereby grouping between remote elements can constrain the propagation of edge assignment between those elements. Supplemental materials for this article may be downloaded from http://app.psychonomic-journals.org/content/supplemental
The effectiveness of police driver training on attitudes, beliefs and skills
No full textThe research undertook an analysis of the effectiveness of police driver training in the
development of appropriate driver attitudes and skills in terms of the objectives of the
training. The research focused upon the Standard/Response course of the Essex
Police. Trainees attitudes and skill, levels were measured at the beginning and after
each phase of training. An assessment of the stability and longevity of attitudes and
skill levels was made 3-10 months after the training. In addition, the influence of
police driving instructors and police recruitment policy on the development of
attitudes was made. From the research, an evaluation has also been made of the
effectiveness of different methods of researching and measuring an individual's
attitude towards a particular behaviour, having used direct, semi-direct, and indirect
methods of attitude measurement
Neural basis for priming of pop-out during visual search revealed with fMRI
No full textMalikovic and Nakayama first showed that visual search efficiency can be influenced by priming effects. Even "pop-out" targets (defined by unique color) are judged quicker if they appear at the same location and/or in the same color as on the preceding trial, in an unpredictable sequence. Here, we studied the potential neural correlates of such priming in human visual search using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We found that repeating either the location or the color of a singleton target led to repetition suppression of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activity in brain regions traditionally linked with attentional control, including bilateral intraparietal sulci. This indicates that the attention system of the human brain can be "primed," in apparent analogy to repetition-suppression effects on activity in other neural systems. For repetition of target color but not location, we also found repetition suppression in inferior temporal areas that may be associated with color processing, whereas repetition of target location led to greater reduction of activation in contralateral inferior parietal and frontal areas, relative to color repetition. The frontal eye fields were also implicated, notably when both target properties (color and location) were repeated together, which also led to further BOLD decreases in anterior fusiform cortex not seen when either property was repeated alone. These findings reveal the neural correlates for priming of pop-out search, including commonalities, differences, and interactions between location and color repetition. fMRI repetition-suppression effects may arise in components of the attention network because these settle into a stable 1. attractor state" more readily when the same target property is repeated than when a different attentional state is required
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