316 research outputs found
Økonomi på tværs:Festskrift til Jesper Jespersen
No full textI dette festskrift fortæller en række danske økonomer, hvordan deres kollega Jesper Jespersen har sat gedigne aftryk på dansk økonomisk forskning. Han har været et fyrtårn som fortaler for den keynesianske økonomi og dens teorier – selv i en mere og mere neoliberal verden.Professor Jesper Jespersen er en institution inden for dansk økonomisk forskning. Økonomi på tværs er udkommet i anledning af hans pensionering i marts 2019. Bogen består af bidrag fra Jespersens kollegaer, og hver artikel i bogen koncentrerer sig om emner, der har ligget Jesper Jespersen nært i hans egen forskning, f.eks. de ministerielle regnemodeller, neoliberalismen, finanskrise, borgerløn og Brexit.Jesper Jespersen er kendt af mange som 'den røde økonom'. Han har dog hverken været marxist (som beskyldningen lød i 1990’erne) eller borgerlig (som han blev påduttet i 1970’erne). Derimod har Jespersen på tværs af politiske strømninger holdt fast i sit ståsted: John Maynard Keynes’ tanker og teorier.Jesper Jespersen har på landsplan og internationalt markeret sig som en hård kritiker af den udvikling, der har ledt til, at politik og sociale forhold ses som arenaer for konkurrence og individuel nyttemaksimering, og han har skarpt kritiseret Finansministeriets regnemodeller for subjektivitet. Hans bidrag til dansk økonomisk forskning er ikke til at overse
Intraday liquidity management: a tale of games banks play
No full textOver the last few decades, most central banks, concerned about settlement risks inherent in payment netting systems, have implemented real-time gross settlement (RTGS) systems. Although RTGS systems can significantly reduce settlement risk, they require greater liquidity to smooth nonsynchronized payment flows. Thus, central banks typically provide intraday credit to member banks, either as collateralized credit or priced credit. Because intraday credit is costly for banks, how intraday liquidity is managed has become a competitive parameter in commercial banking and a policy concern of central banks. This article uses a game-theoretical framework to analyze the intraday liquidity management behavior of banks in an RTGS setting. The games played by banks depend on the intraday credit policy of the central bank and encompass two well-known paradigms in game theory: "the prisoner's dilemma" and "the stag hunt." The former strategy arises in a collateralized credit regime, where banks have an incentive to delay payments if intraday credit is expensive, an outcome that is socially inefficient. The latter strategy occurs in a priced credit regime, where postponement of payments can be socially efficient under certain circumstances. The author also discusses how several extensions of the framework affect the results, such as settlement risk, incomplete information, heterogeneity, and repeated play.Payment systems ; Banks and banking, Central ; Bank liquidity ; Game theory ; Credit
Validity of the definite and semidefinite questionnaire version of the Hamilton Depression Scale, the Hamilton subscale and the Melancholia Scale. Part I.
No full textInstruments for self-rating in depression are available, but their psychometric properties have not been fully explored; discrepancies with clinician ratings have been identified. This study was longitudinal with 85 patients fulfilling the DSM-III-R diagnosis of Seasonal Affective Disorder. Self-reporting versions (definitely and semidefinitely anchored) corresponding to the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD), the Hamilton Subscale (HAM6), and the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (MES) were compared to each other and the clinician-rated version. The unidimensional property of the sum score in each scale was tested by the item-response theory model ad modum Rasch. The scales were also tested for their sensitivity to discriminate between placebo and citalopram therapy. The sum scores and the sum score variances of the definite self-rating versions did not differ significantly from the sum scores of the corresponding observer scales at any of the five time points. The semidefinite scales significantly over-scored at all time points. The convergent validity between corresponding definite self-ratings and observer ratings was very high with correlations exceeding 0.90. Only item responses from the MES, the HAM6, and their corresponding definite versions of the self-rating questionnaires DMQ and DHAM6 were accepted by the Rasch analysis, and only these four valid scales discriminated significantly between the effect of citalopram and placebo treatment. Our results are limited to patients with moderate depression. Two new self-report scales with unparalleled construct validity, reliability, sensitivity, and convergent validity have been identified (DMQ and DHAM6). We have also identified a crucial importance of format for the means and variances of self-rating scales. These findings are of high practical and scientific value
Lost and found:om virkelighed og samfundsøkonomisk videnskab
No full textDet neoklassiske paradigme afskrev fra slutningen af det 19. århundrede virkelighedens betydning for det videnskabelige arbejde med samfundsøkonomi. Dette præger fortsat hovedstrømmen og bidrager til at vanskeliggøre den økonomiske videnskabs arbejde med at begribe og forstå den samfundsmæssige samtid. Bidraget undersøger primært Jesper Jespersens forsøg på at genindføre virkeligheden i makroøkonomisk videnskab ved at trække på kritisk realistisk videnskabsfilosofi
Hvorfor vil amerikanerne ikke ‘lege med'?:den transatlantiske debat på menneskerettighedsområdet
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