178,078 research outputs found
Cutting and Pasting with Requirements Specifications Scenarios
No full textWireless Telecommunications requirements specifications tend to be defined as sets of normative scenarios. These frequently only provide partial coverage of the scenarios that are necessary to give a comprehensive specification. Standard model checking techniques have not been successful in analysing such protocol specifications, first because of the high degree of concurrency that is inherent in such systems, and secondly because the very partial nature of the specifications tends to cause many inconsequential defects to be reported that frustrate the process of identifying key issues that have to be addressed immediately. Typically the inconsequential defects are addressed by adding new scenarios to the requirements, whereas significant defects require structural changes to the design itself and are not solved by adding new scenarios. This paper describes a technique for synthesising tractable phase automata from Message Sequence Chart scenarios that describe major phase transitions in the specifications. These can be automatically analysed to detect certain types of significant interactions between the scenarios that will be invariant under the addition of new scenarios to the requirements specifications
New cycloidal projection [cartographic material] = Nouvelle projection cycloidale /
No full textMap of Western Europe using cycloidal projection. Relief shown by hachures.; Prime meridian: Greenwich.; "Founder and director of the Topographical and Statistical Dep^ot, War Department, London, (now the Intelligence Office) by which entire continents may be represented with the least distortion of any projection hitherto known = Membre de la Soci'et'e royale des Sciences, 'a Londres; Fondateur et Directeur du Dep^ot Topographique et Statistique du Ministiere de la Guerre de la Grand Bretagne, 'a Londres, et qui offre l'avantage de pouvoir repr'esenter avec la moindre distortion possible de vastes r°egions de la superficie terrestre".; In lower margin: Le soussign'e se popose de pubiler dans le d'elai d'un an, Dieu voulant, un Manuel pour la construction des cartes sur la Projection Cycloidale, au prix de fr. 2, franco pour l'Union postale. M.M. les G'eographes qui d'esireraient s'en procurer un exemplaire sont pri'es de vouloir bien communiquer avec l'Auteur, le Chev. G. Jervis.; "Turin, le 22 Juillet 1895".; Includes text in lower right corner.; Also available in an electronic version via the internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-rm2071.Nouvelle projection cycloidal
Nutrient enrichment of Jervis Bay, Australia, during the massive 1992 coccolithophorid bloom
No full textA numerical simulation of the East Australian Current (EAC) has been used to investigate the nutrification of shelf waters at Jervis Bay, south-eastern Australia, prior to the massive coccolithophorid bloom that was first observed on 16 December 1992. The simulation suggests that a small cold-core eddy developed between the continental slope at Jervis Bay and the EAC jet further offshore during 7 and 14 December 1992. This unstable cold-core eddy is likely to have uplifted cold, nutrient-rich water onto the Jervis Bay shelf, and this upwelling, in combination with upwelling-favourable winds, probably transported nutrients from the deep ocean to the entrance of the bay
Chalarus indistinctus Jervis 1992
No full textChalarus indistinctus Jervis, 1992 Chalarus indistinctus Jervis, 1992: 325. Diagnosis: Male genitalia (Fig. 13) with phs gently curved; tdp long and rounded at apex, Lmtdp:Ltdp~ 1.75; only 1 php present; this is almost twice length of mtdp, has a strong marginal rim and is broadened towards its double pointed apex; all ejaculatory ducts placed distally on mtdp; ejaculatory apodeme linear (as in Fig. 23). Female with frontal facets slightly to moderately enlarged (J 92 Fig. 4 C); frons at narrowest point 2.5–3 times diameter of largest frontal facet; flagellum dark brown; legs dark brown but base of femora may be paler; pulvilli of all legs of same size, shorter than distitarsus; hairs on femora, thorax and abdomen dark brown; hind femur with apical hairs of pdsr extending as far as apex; abdominal tergites dark brown; ovipositor as in Figs 71 & 74. See Table 1 for coxI and ITS 2 barcode sequence accession numbers. Annotations: Males can be readily identified via their single asymmetric phallic process. The female ovipositor is closest to C. brevicaudis but differs, especially in its dorsal aspect, at the transition from base to piercer (compare Figs 74–75). A female paratype was studied (Finland: Le, Kilpisjärvi, 6–13.VII. 1959, Palmgren & Lindberg (MZH)). Jervis (1992) distinguishes two additional male forms of C. indistinctus differing in their pupal stage (Form A) and a minor genital feature (Form B) — these forms are not included in the identification key. Jervis (1992) reared the taxon from Edwarsiana bergmani, E. geometrica, E. hippocastani, E. rosae, Empoasca vitis, Erythria cruenta, Fagocyba cruenta, Fagocyba sp., Ribautiana tenerrima, R. ulmi & Typhlocyba quercus.Published as part of Kehlmaier, Christian & Assmann, Thorsten, 2008, The European species of Chalarus Walker, 1834 revisited (Diptera: Pipunculidae), pp. 1-39 in Zootaxa 1936 on page 24, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.18495
Marine protection dividend
No full textAs the NSW government considers marine management reforms, this report finds that marine parks already provide significant economic benefits, but it is too early to judge their environmental effectiveness.This short paper presents compelling evidence that: NSW marine parks are already delivering clear and demonstrable economic benefits for local communities and businesses.The protected areas must be allowed to exist for a minimum of 15 years before they can be judged as to their effectiveness.Community support for marine parks and the sanctuary zones within them, is very high around the more established reserves. NSW marine parks are all relatively young. The oldest NSW marine parks are barely 11 years old and the youngest only six. In ecological terms, these parks are still in their infancy. Yet marine parks are already providing economic dividends to local communities, by attracting significant tourism. The establishment of the Solitary Island Marine Park, for example, saw a 20% increase in local business’s turnover in the first five years. Jervis Bay Marine Park has brought an estimated $2.4 million into the region through marine tourism. “Marine parks have become essential infrastructure for regional economies. As long as investment in the parks is maintained, benefits will continue to increase over years and even decades,” said report author Caroline Hoisington. Recreational and commercial fishing also benefit from marine parks, particularly sanctuary zones, where fishing is restricted. European studies have shown that for each year a sanctuary zone is in place, the number and/or size of commercially valuable fish increased by 8 per cent compared to surrounding fished areas. Benefits flow when these fish spill over into surrounding areas. “Local community support for sanctuary zones is 80 per cent or higher, in the three marine parks where opinions have been surveyed”, Caroline said. “The numbers are no different for recreational fishers.” Recreational fishing may also see bigger and better catches immediately, as competition from commercial fishing is reduced. However, sustainable fish stock management must also take account of recreational fishing, which makes up as much as 90 per cent of the catch for some NSW species. The report recommends the NSW Government set 15 years after zoning as the earliest point for making judgments about the impacts and environmental effectiveness of marine parks. Improvements in biodiversity, biomass and resilience of fish species will continue to take place after this time. The first fifteen years is not the end of benefits from marine parks, but is just enough time to show big changes. By contrast, decisions based on short-term assessments risk being driven by emotional reactions, rather than taking a balanced view based on evidence of the dividends that will continue to flow from marine parks
Placing pottery: an actor-led approach to the use and perception of medieval pottery in Southampton and its region cAD700-1400
No full textThis study considers the relationship between how we traditionally categorise pottery in archaeological analysis and the ways that it was understood in the past, using a case study from medieval Southampton (Hampshire, UK). In an effort to overcome the chronological fragmentation inherent in the study of medieval archaeology, a long temporal span is considered, from cAD700-1400. Traditionally pottery has been studied from an economic viewpoint and archaeologists have seen it as reflecting patterns of trade and wider economic or social trends. This study takes a nonrepresentative approach to the study of this material. Following work on 'Actor-Network Theory' it is argued that rather than reflecting an over-riding 'social', that engagements with pottery were active in constructing a patchwork of meanings and associations which constructed the medieval 'social'. The study begins with an overview of the state of medieval ceramic studies, demonstrating that the focus on economic issues developed from a need to provenance and date pottery, and that now we are in a position to ask more subtle questions about its role in everyday life. Chapter 2 outlines a history of categorisation studies, both in relation to archaeology and other disciplines, before moving on to introduce the non-representative framework utilised through the remainder of the study. The research questions are posed in chapter 3 and a methodology for answering them is proposed. In chapter 4 the archaeology and history of medieval Southampton is described, the pottery summarised and a résumé of other material evidence is also presented. The next three chapters reconstruct the engagements between people and pottery in medieval Southampton, through exchange, use and deposition. Chapter 8 then takes a regional perspective to these trends, looking at how pottery was exchanged, used and disposed of in Hampshire, other large towns in England and in northern France. Chapter 9 uses these engagements to examine the formation of categories of people through engagements with pottery, before these strands are all brought together in chapter 10, which considers how engagements between people and pottery were active in creating 'the social' in medieval Southampton, with a particular focus on the process of urbanism. Finally the effectiveness of the approaches taken are evaluated and ways forward for future research are outlined
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Australia, East Coast, Jervis Bay [cartographic material] : Australia, East Coast, Bateman Bay /
No full text"2176".; In lower right corner: XXVIII.; Maps of Jervis Bay and Bateman Bay on the New South Wales coast with relief shown by hachures and spot heights. Depth shown by bathymetric soundings.; Also available in an electronic version via the internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-vn3791289.Jervis BayAustralia, East Coast, Bateman BayBateman Ba
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