11 research outputs found
Constructing Minority Representation: Empirical-Theoretical Study
No full textPerformance and performativity are deeply entwined in political representation. This research explores the performance of minority representation – i.e., how representatives from ethnic minority backgrounds shape their positions and deliver their claims about and for minorities depending on the audience they address – and the performativity of their representative claims – i.e., how they contribute to the construction of ethnic identities and interests, which they purportedly merely describe or present. In doing so, the thesis reuses, tests and expands the increasingly influential theoretical understanding of representation as claim-making, while, at the same time, it effects a much-needed constructivist turn in the empirical study of the representation of ethnic minorities. In theoretical terms, the dissertation argues that the categories of descriptive and substantive representation remain essential to the study of minority representation. Its contribution to the theoretical literature is in reconceptualising these categories in line with the constructivist turn. The constructivist understanding of political representation has had considerable theoretical impact, but limited operationalization and empirical application. When applied to the study of group representation, the representation of gender has commanded attention. The thesis breaks new ground in applying it to the study of the representation of minority ethnic groups, a field in which the traditional understanding of representation as responsiveness to the pre-given demands and interests of constituents remains dominant. Focusing on two similar cases where ethnicity has been historically and institutionally constructed as a relevant feature to be represented in political forums, this thesis shows that rather than factors determining the behaviour of representatives, institutional and cultural backgrounds can be, and are often, deployed creatively as resources in the claim-making process whereby ethnic identifications are produced and reproduced over time
Basal and vitamin D-responsive activity of the rat osteocalcin promoter in stably transfected osteosarcoma cells: requirement of upstream sequences for control by the proximal regulatory domain
No full textOsteocalcin (OC) is a bone-specific vitamin D- responsive protein that is developmentally expressed during osteoblast differentiation. In transient transfection assays, as little as approximately 0.1 kilobase (kb) of the OC proximal promoter is sufficient for basal expression. Because eukaryotic genes are packaged as nucleosomes that contribute to both chromatin organization and transcriptional control, we functionally examined the activity of OC promoter constructs within a chromatin context. ROS 17/2.8 osteosarcoma cells were stably transfected with a series of rat OC promoter-reporter constructs, containing progressive 5'-deletions. The results demonstrate that in contrast to transient transfection assays, the proximal 0.11-kb promoter is no longer active when integrated in the genome. Progressive gain of basal expression with 0.35-, 0.53-, and 0.72-kb promoters suggests that upstream sequences facilitate the formation of an appropriate higher order nuclear structure, thereby potentiating the activity of the chromosomally integrated proximal promoter elements. This is consistent with location of both deoxyribonuclease I (DNase I)-hypersensitive sites and nuclear matrix protein-DNA interaction sites in the osteocalcin promoter. Vitamin D responsiveness in the stably transfected cells is obtained with the inclusion of 0.53 kb or additional upstream promoter sequences. Therefore, these sequences satisfy the requirements for binding of basal and enhancer transcription factors as well as interactions between them within a chromatin context. Both maximal basal expression and maximal vitamin D responsiveness are obtained with cells carrying either the 0.72-kb or the 1.1-kb promoter fragment. Cells carrying the 1.1-kb promoter show DNase I hypersensitivity at both the basal promoter and the vitamin D response element-containing domains, locations that also exhibit DNase I hypersensitivity in the endogenous OC promoter. In addition, we have documented changes in the basal activity and vitamin D responsiveness of the stably integrated 1.1 kb promoter as a function of cell density-mediated growth inhibition, which is accompanied by up-regulation of bone phenotypic genes. Thus, important aspects of OC gene transcriptional regulation that cannot be investigated in transient transfection assays can be addressed using ROS 17/2.8 cells stably transfected with OC promoter-reporter constructs
Intersecting Gender and Ethnicity in the Workplace: A Systematic Review of the Literature
No full textGender and ethnicity represent key bases upon which we differentiate ourselves from others and are also key fracture lines along which inequalities in the workplace manifest. The continued growth in the management literature on organisational gendered processes remains slightly ahead of the management literature investigating race/ethnic differences in organisational outcomes. However, both streams of literature have historically tread separate, parallel paths, resulting in limited understanding of the organisational experiences of people who fall through the ‘fault lines’ of gender and ethnic management research – ethnic minority women.
This paper posits that much can be gleaned from adopting an ‘intersectional’ lens for investigating the workplace experiences of employees. It acknowledges that the experiences of ethnic minority women in the workplace, at the intersections of gender and ethnicity, qualitatively differ from those of groups under which they are typically subsumed. The aim of this review was to investigate the extent to which intersectionality has been used to examine organisational experience and to shed light on the ways in which employees’ ‘gender-ethnicity’ is conceptualised at work.
A systematic review of the literature was conducted, entailing searching, selecting and evaluating literature on intersecting gender and ethnicity in the workplace. A detailed methodology is presented, with descriptive and thematic findings discussed. Overall, the findings reveal that studies on gender and ethnic intersectionality at work typically examine women’s stories about how race and gender influence their work experiences, often against the backdrop of a particular profession. These studies are likely to be fairly recent (within the last 10 years) and are likely to be conducted within and beyond the typical North American hub of demographic diversity literature. Studies adopt one of three approaches to investigating intersectionality (as a demographic unit, individual perspective or a framework for engaging with the research process) and the role of theory and researcher are important considerations. Additionally, intersectionality is conceptualised in three key ways: as a source of tension, as a way to provide voice, and as contingent on cultural, national and professional context. Implications for further research are considered and limitations of the systematic review discussed
Supplement_figure_2-C1 - Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
No full textSupplement_figure_2-C1 for Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome by Minsuk Kim, Si-Hyuck Kang, Jeong-Ran Kim, Jin Joo Park, Young-seok Cho, Tae-Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae and Jung-Won Suh in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis</p
Supplement_figure_2-C2 - Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
No full textSupplement_figure_2-C2 for Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome by Minsuk Kim, Si-Hyuck Kang, Jeong-Ran Kim, Jin Joo Park, Young-seok Cho, Tae-Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae and Jung-Won Suh in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis</p
Supplement_figure_2-A2 - Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
No full textSupplement_figure_2-A2 for Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome by Minsuk Kim, Si-Hyuck Kang, Jeong-Ran Kim, Jin Joo Park, Young-seok Cho, Tae-Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae and Jung-Won Suh in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis</p
Supplement_figure_2-B2 - Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
No full textSupplement_figure_2-B2 for Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome by Minsuk Kim, Si-Hyuck Kang, Jeong-Ran Kim, Jin Joo Park, Young-seok Cho, Tae-Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae and Jung-Won Suh in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis</p
Supplement_figure_2-B1 - Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
No full textSupplement_figure_2-B1 for Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome by Minsuk Kim, Si-Hyuck Kang, Jeong-Ran Kim, Jin Joo Park, Young-seok Cho, Tae-Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae and Jung-Won Suh in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis</p
Supplement_figure_2-A1 - Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
No full textSupplement_figure_2-A1 for Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome by Minsuk Kim, Si-Hyuck Kang, Jeong-Ran Kim, Jin Joo Park, Young-seok Cho, Tae-Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae and Jung-Won Suh in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis</p
Supplement_figure_1 - Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome
No full textSupplement_figure_1 for Comparison of Shear Stress–Induced Thrombotic and Thrombolytic Effects Among 3 Different Antithrombotic Regimens in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome by Minsuk Kim, Si-Hyuck Kang, Jeong-Ran Kim, Jin Joo Park, Young-seok Cho, Tae-Jin Youn, In-Ho Chae and Jung-Won Suh in Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis</p
