415 research outputs found
Copestylum enriquei Montoya & Parada-Marín & Ramos-Pastrana 2022, sp. nov.
No full textCopestylum enriquei sp. nov. (Figs 1–4) Copestylum SUR-04 in Reemer (2016) Type material. HOLOTYPE. Adult male, pinned, deposited at the LEUA collection. Original label: “ COLOMBIA, Caquetá, Florencia, Vda.[Vereda] Paraíso, Fca.[Finca] Paraíso” / “ 1.746287, -75.627790, 716m [eters], Forest, trampa Malaise dosel” / “ 21.xii.2016 - 04.i.2017, Y. Ramos-Pastrana ”. “ HOLOTYPE / Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. / Montoya, Parada-Marín & Ramos-Pastrana 2021 ” [red, handwritten except first line] (LEUA –00000035890, dissected). PARATYPES. SURINAME, Para, Mapane area, 5.466 666, -54.683333, 35 m, 28.v.1963, P.H. van Doesburg Jr., Leg. (RMNH-collection, 1 female); Brokopondo, Brownsberg, 4.933 333, -55.166667, 189m, Nature reserve, mainly with primary forest, 31.viii–14.ix.2001, leg. A. Gangadin, Leg. (RMNH-collection, 1 female). Identified as Copestylum SUR-04 by Menno Reemer 2016. Length (n= 1). Body, 6.8 mm; Wings, 5.5 mm. Differential diagnosis. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. shares the general morphological characters of other known species in the C. vagum group. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. is a green yellowish fly, similar in appearance to C. vagum, C. musicanum, and C. tenorium, from which it differs by the gena and face separated by a very broad brown vitta; scutum orange except for the wide medial vitta, which is dark and metallic, ending before the prescutellar region, with the apical margin M-shaped; tibiae dark-brown, except yellow on basal 1/4. Epandrium and cercus black, contrasting with the colour of hypandrium and surstylus, which are orange; epandrium with a dorsal extension, in addition to the surstylus L-shaped, with two pairs of rounded ridges in the dorsal edge, similar to small deer antlers in velvet. Description (holotype). MALE. Head (Figs 1A, C, and D): Face yellowish-orange without a clear central vitta; gena and face separated by a very broad brown vitta; gena orange, orange pruinose, and pilose; dorsal margin of eyes sloping and yellow pilose; lunule brownish-orange; antenna orange, scape and pedicel orange setulose; arista orange, orange pilose. Thorax (Figs 1B–D): Scutum orange except for the wide medial vitta, which is dark and metallic, ending before the prescutellar region, with the apical margin M-shaped (Fig. 1C); scutum brown pilose on the median dark area, yellow pilose along lateral margins, with pile not much longer at the rear margin; lateral setae orange: two above wing insertion and two on postalar callus; pleuron extensively yellow; scutellum yellow with pre-apical depression, yellow pilose; marginal setae orange-yellow, with two dark brown setae. Wing (Figs 1B–E, 2B): Hyaline except for the brown-yellowish pterostigmal spot, costal cell yellowish, bare; wing microtrichose, except for some extensively bare areas basally and centrally, cell bm extensively bare, cell dm bare on anterior 1/3, cell r only slightly bare on basal 1/3 or less, cell CuP bare on anterior 1/3; alula microtrichose, calypter yellowishwhite, border brownish-orange, fringe brownish-orange; plumula yellow-orange; halter yellow-orange, capitulum white. Legs (Figs 1A–B, D–E): coxa and trochanter yellow, metafemur extensively orange; tibia dark-brown, except yellow on basal 1/4, black pilose on these areas; tarsomeres 1 and 2 orange, tarsomeres 3–5 black, black pilose. Abdomen (Figs 1B, D–E, 2A–B): Mostly yellow-greenish, orange-yellow pilose, first tergum 1 yellow-greenish; terga 2–4 greenish, brownish infuscated apically; terga 3–4 black pilose on apical margin; S1–4 yellowish-green and extensively yellow pilose; male genitalia elongated, extending over the fourth sternum, with epandrium and cercus black, epandrium in lateral view with a dorsal extension, cercus in lateral view, globular and round-tipped; surstylus in lateral view, L-shaped, with two pairs of rounded ridges in the dorsal edge, similar to small deer antlers in velvet; superior lobe (Apex of hypandrium) orange, hook-shaped, with a kinked apex strongly curved downward (Figs 2D–H). FEMALE (Figs 3A–D; Reemer 2016: 100, Fig. 15, dorsal habitus). Similar to male except for usual sexual dimorphism, and differing in vertex with a complete brownish transverse macula, extensively dark brown to blackhaired in this area; sternites 4 and 5 yellow. Etymology. The epithet ‘enriquei’ is a patronym given in memory of Carlos Enrique Giraldo, the grandfather of the first author, a notable, worthy, and noble person of sweet spirit who was like an oak, a very happy man who taught me (ALM) to enjoy and marvel at the small things of the natural world. For him, this beautiful species that flies high as his unforgettable smile and kind way of being, always ready to provide a space and welcome in his home in Anserma, Caldas, Colombia that was always open to everyone. Taxonomic remarks. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. run to C. chapadensis or C. bequaerti in the key of Curran (1930; couplet 9, p. 6), based on the gena and face separated by a very broad brownish vitta. This work covered most species belonging to the C. vagum group. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. would be identified as C. musicanum in an unpublished draft key by F.C. Thompson (couplet 13), as it has the tibiae much darker than the femora, terminalia large, cercus elongate, hook-like, extending over the fourth sternum. Using the key of Ricarte et al. (2015; couplet 3, p. 52), C. enriquei sp. nov. keys out close to C. araceorum and C. willistoni, based on the terga 3−4 with yellow marks or completely black, however, C. enriquei sp. nov. lacks a median vitta on the face. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. is also morphologically similar to C. tenorium from which it differs by the diagnostic characters listed in Table 1 (See also “Taxonomic notes” under each species in Ricarte et al. 2015 and keys). Distribution. The male holotype was collected between 21 December 2016 and 04 February 2017 in a canopy Malaise trap (Rafael & Gorayeb 1982) in a pristine rainforest patch of a conflict territory of limited access and political unrest in Caquetá, Colombia (Fig. 4A). The type locality is located at the eastern slope of the Colombian Oriental Cordillera at an altitude of 716 meters above sea level (m a.s.l). Two additional female specimens (paratypes) were collected in two sampling events on 28 May 1963 and between 31 August and 14 September 2001 in a nature reserve and primary forest in Northeastern Suriname (Para and Brokopondo) between 35 and 189 m a.s.l. (Fig. 4B). Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. is probably endemic to the Amazonian rainforest of Colombia and Suriname on the Guyana shield. Biology. Copestylum enriquei sp. nov. is only known from pristine patches in the lowlands of the Amazonian rainforest of Colombia and Suriname (Fig. 4B). The specimens were collected using a canopy Malaise trap and sweeping net, which could suggest that the species is associated with both canopy and ground levels in conserved forest.Published as part of Montoya, Augusto León, Parada-Marín, Henry Mauricio & Ramos-Pastrana, Yardany, 2022, Description of a new flower fly species of the Copestylum vagum group (Diptera Syrphidae) from pristine Amazonian rainforests of Colombia and Suriname, pp. 401-415 in Zootaxa 5091 (3) on pages 404-409, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/584826
First detection of PCV4 in swine in the United States: codetection with PCV2 and PCV3 and direct detection within tissues
No full textSince PCV4 was first described in 2019, the virus has been identified in several countries in SoutheastAsia and Europe. Most studies have been limited to detecting PCV4 by PCR. Thus, PCV4 has an unclearassociation with clinical disease. This study utilized 512 porcine clinical lung, feces, spleen, serum,lymphoid tissue, and fetus samples submitted to the ISU‑VDL from June–September 2023. PCV4 wasdetected in 8.6% of samples with an average Ct value of 33. While detection rates among sample typeswere variable, lymphoid tissue had the highest detection rate (18.7%). Two ORF2 sequences wereobtained from lymphoid tissue samples and had 96.36–98.98% nucleotide identity with referencesequences. Direct detection of PCV4 by RNAscope revealed viral replication in B lymphocytes andmacrophages in lymph node germinal centers and histiocytic and T lymphocyte infiltration in thelamina propria of the small intestine. PCV4 detection was most commonly observed in nursery tofinishing aged pigs displaying respiratory and enteric disease. Coinfection with PCV2, PCV3, and otherendemic pathogens was frequently observed, highlighting the complex interplay between differentPCVs and their potential roles in disease pathogenesis. This study provides insights into the frequencyof detection, tissue distribution, and genetic characteristics of PCV4 in the US.Fil: Kroeger, Molly. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Vargas Bermudez, Diana S.. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Sede Bogotá; ColombiaFil: Jaime, Jairo. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Sede Bogotá; ColombiaFil: Parada, Julian. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Groeltz, Jennifer. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Gauger, Philip. University of Iowa; Estados UnidosFil: Piñeyro, Pablo. University of Iowa; Estados Unido
Tiempo de parada en trenes de viajeros. Factores influyentes
No full textMáster Universitario en Sistemas FerroviariosEl presente Trabajo Final de Master tiene como objetivo elaborar un documento que permita estructurar qué variables influyen -y de qué manera- en el proceso de parada de un tren de viajeros. Se estudia el tiempo de parada no solo contando el tiempo en el que el tren se encuentra con velocidad igual a cero, durante el cual se produce la subida y bajada de viajeros, sino que se tienen también en cuenta los tiempos de deceleración, desde la velocidad comercial hasta la parada, y de aceleración, desde que se completa el cierre de las puertas hasta que se recupera de nuevo la marcha normal.
Su realización parte desde una perspectiva global, analizando el ferrocarril como un sistema interconectado, estudiando factores de influencia pertenecientes a diferentes campos: infraestructura, señalización, reglamentación, material rodante o conducción. Se conjugan los conocimientos adquiridos en el máster, la revisión de bibliografía relevante sobre el tema y un punto de vista del autor, de profesión maquinista, basado en la experiencia laboral no solo propia, sino también de una muestra de compañeros encuestados.
Tras la presentación de las diferentes variables, se plantean una serie de hipótesis que podrían contribuir a optimizar los tiempos analizados. La memoria se estructura de manera que, para cada subsistema analizado, se desagrega el proceso en deceleración, velocidad igual a cero y aceleración.This Master's Thesis aims at creating a document that allows structuring which variables influence -and in which way- the stopping process of a passenger train. Not only counting the time when the train has a speed equal to zero, when passengers get on and off the train, but also the deceleration time, from commercial cruise speed to a full stop, and acceleration, from the closing of the doors until cruise speed is reached again.
The work starts from a global perspective, analyzing rail transport as an interconnected system, studying influencing factors belonging to different fields: infrastructure, signaling, regulation, rolling stock, or driving. It combines the knowledge acquired in the Masters, relevant bibliography on the topic, and the point of view of the author, a professional train driver, based not only on his own experience but also on a sample of surveyed colleagues.
After presenting the different variables, a series of hypotheses that could contribute to the optimization of the analyzed times are proposed. The work is structured in a way such that, for each analyzed subsystem, the process is split in deceleration, zero speed, and acceleration
Descubrimiento del sello de los “negocios graves” del Colegio de España y otras aportaciones sigilográficas albornocianas
No full text[ES] Este artículo analiza los sellos relacionados con Gil de Albornoz como arzobispo de Toledo y con su Colegio de España. La principal aportación es el descubrimiento, por parte del autor, de la matriz original del sello de los “negocios graves” o sigillum maior
del Colegio de España de fines del siglo XV, de la cual se ofrece un primer estudio
histórico-artístico. Se recogen asimismo otras matrices e improntas de sellos del Colegio en uso durante los siglos XVII y XVIII.[EN] This article analyses the seals related to Gil de Albornoz -as archbishop of Toledo- and to his Colegio de España. The main contribution is the discovery made by the author of the original matrix of the seal of the ‘negocios graves’ or sigillum maior of the Colegio de España at the end of the fifteenth century. The first study about it is presented from the historic and artistic points of view. Also, other matrices and positives of seals of the Colegio are discussed, which were in use during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.Peer reviewe
Alterar los márgenes : anomalías en un mapa del Cuzco
No full textEl trabajo presente forma parte del proyecto de investigación I+D+i del Mineco que, con referencia FFI2015-63878-2C-1-P, lleva por título: “En los bordes del archivo, I: escrituras periféricas en los virreinatos de Indias”.RESUMEN: Ya Abraham Ortelius, el autor de la más importante cosmografía de su tiempo, hablaba de sí en tanto apasionado «lector» de mapas. De acuerdo con su propuesta, estos funcionarían no como documentos, sino como relatos con una capacidad de argumentación, de intriga, de transcurso discursivo y de conclusión climática. Sin embargo, la lectura de los mismos, al menos en su suerte colonial, está transitada de peligros, sobre todo si retratan regiones marginales, bordes y periferias respecto al centro de poder imperial. En alguna de tales ocasiones, sobre los laterales de la representación ocurren cambios, tropismos, alteraciones y mixturas que convierten al mapa en un hipertexto con un fuerte carga indicial, en un sentido menos semiótico que benjaminiano del término y capaz, por tanto, de ir más allá de su primera condición referencial e ilustrativa. Este artículo se plantea estudiar la configuración de la América virreinal y de sus márgenes como un espacio «anómalo» de representación, con la ayuda de un grabado de la ciudad del Cuzco que ofrece en sus muros extraños anacrónicas citas de una realidad periférica, heterogénea y en nada exacta.ABSTRACT: Abraham Ortelius, the author of the most important cosmography of his time, spoke of himself as a passionate «reader» of maps. According to his proposal, maps work not as documents, but as stories with a capacity for argumentation, intrigue, discursive course and climate conclusion. However, their reading, at least in their colonial mode, is full of dangers, especially if they portray marginal regions, borders and peripheries with respect to the centre of imperial power. On some of these occasions, changes, tropisms, alterations and mixtures occur on the sides of the representation that make the map a hypertext with a strong index load, in a less semiotic than Benjaminian sense of the term and, therefore, capable of going beyond its first referential and illustrative condition. This article studies the configuration of viceregal America and its margins as an «anomalous» space of representation, with the help of an engraving of the city of Cuzco that offers in its strange and anachronistic walls quotes from a peripheral reality, heterogeneous and imprecise.Ministerio de Economía, Comercio y Empresa (España)Depto. de Literaturas Hispánicas y BibliografíaInstituto Universitario Menéndez PidalTRUEpu
La Bibbia miniata del Collegio di Spagna (ms. 2): la miniatura bolognese tra modelli tardoduecenteschi e aperture verso il nuovo secolo
No full textLa Bibbia custodita presso la Biblioteca del Collegio di Spagna a Bologna (ms. 2) è il più antico esempio trecentesco bolognese di Bibbia miniata che si sia conservata dopo i grandi capolavori del secolo precedente. In primo luogo, l’articolo prende in esame la decorazione della Bibbia nella sua struttura complessiva per valutare continuità e differenze rispetto alle Bibbie sontuosamente miniate del Duecento. Inoltre, l’autore presenta una riconsiderazione degli artisti che hanno eseguito la decorazione dipinta della Bibbia. Infine, il contributo mostra come alcune scelte iconografiche nell'illustrazione del manoscritto possano avvalorare l’ipotesi che il volume sia stato commissionato dal grande canonista Giovanni d’Andrea.The Bible held in the library of the Collegio di Spagna in Bologna (MS 2) is the earliest extant Bolognese example of an illuminated scholastic Bible from the fourteenth century after the outstanding masterpieces of the previous century. Firstly, the article examines the decoration of the Bible in its global structure to appraise continuities with and differences from the lavishly illuminated Bible of the thirteenth century. Furthermore, the author gives new consideration to the artists who accomplished the illumination of the Bible. In conclusion, the paper shows how some iconographic choices in the Bible can support the thesis that the manuscript was commissioned by the great canonist Giovanni d’Andrea
The Nurses’ Thought on Physical Restraints in the Healthcare Setting
No full textBackground: In healthcare, patient safety is highly prioritized. Health care providers may care for patients who are mentally altered due to a medical condition. When a situation escalates and the safety of the patient or staff is at risk, it's up to the judgment of the nurse if physical restraints are needed. The purpose of this paper is to explore how the nurse thinks when physical restraints are indicated. Method: A systematic review of literature took place for the research of this paper. The databases used were PubMed and CINAHL. The time frame is 2017 to 2023 in order to stay up to date with the views on the subject. Keywords would be "United States of America," "Nursing Practice/Care," "Adult," "Physical Restraints," and "cognitive impaired." The adult population found in the non-psychiatric setting is the focus of this paper. Analysis: Articles mentioned how physical restraints should not be the first option. Nurses are trained to use other techniques in order to diffuse a situation. In emergency situations, the physical restraints can be placed without a medical doctor order, but must get order within the hour. When the patient is in restraints, they should still have access to care like drinking, toileting, and comfort. Conclusion: Physical restraints should be the last resort when it comes to keeping the patient/staff safe. When physical restraints are in effect, the nurse should follow hospital guidelines on physical restraints. The restraints should be immediately removed when it is no longer needed.Nursin
Mill Integrated Conversion of Palm Biomass to Commodity Intermediates
No full textThe current production of palm oil produces large amounts of biomass residues, namely empty fruit bunches, shells, fibres, fronds, and trunks. The current worldwide demand for biomass-derived biochemical intermediates, provides the opportunity for converting these biomass residues into higher value products. In this design project,the feasibility of 2ndgeneration intermediates obtained from oil palm residues has been evaluated. The focus of the project has been the integration of a conversion process into the palm oil milling facilities, considering availability of residues at different scales. Thus, logistics implications regarding biomass sources, which are considered to have a large impact in biomass cost, are taken into account in the evaluation.After a preliminary evaluation of different alternatives, a fermentable sugars product is found as the most promising product for a 2ndgeneration palm-based biorefinery, based on economic margin, market opportunity, market size, process safety, and environmental impact. As part of the process design for the biomass transformation, it was found that a pre-treatment step is necessary due to the recalcitrant nature of the material. Several pre-treatment alternatives and their process implications were evaluated, indicating that acid catalysed steam explosion is the most suitable alternative. The resulting cellulosic fraction undergoes enzymatic hydrolysis to give fermentable sugars. Additional sugars are recovered when biomassavailable form plantation operationsis available.A preliminary evaluation of the process indicates that the benefits related to economies of scale are overwhelmed by the biomass transportation costs that larger scales imply, finding an optimum scale of three mills (biomass derived from operations of three palm oil mills) with capacity of 60 tonne FFB/h each. Following these initial findings, a more detailed computer model of the process was built in order to compare cases withbiomass derived from three and ten mills.An economic evaluation indicates that the process is profitable in both cases, with a payback in the third year of operation. As in the preliminary estimations, the proposed design results in total processing costs lower for the smaller scale, with 1 074and 1 120RM/tonne of sugar for the three-and ten-mill cases respectively. Sensitivity analysesindicate that the process profitability is more robust to changes on transportation distance amongst mills and sugar price when processing biomass derived from three mills. OPBC PROJECT Mill Integrated Conversion of Palm Biomass to Commodity IntermediatesiiFurthermore, after a Life Cycle Assesment (LCA) it is found that the environmental impact of palm oil, as inEDIP 2003 methodology,is greatly reducedwhen the proposed process is included. The degree in which the impact is decreased depends on the considerations taken in the assessment, Bearing in mind the fermentable sugar productis a sugar replacement, the environmental impact of palm oil can be reducedat least39%. Although the assessment is based on rough considerations, given the scope of this design project this impact reductionis considered a good initial estimation of the benefits it can bring to the palm oil production.Overall, it is found that the proposed process can bring an economic benefit to palm oil mills, increasing the availability of renewable feedstocks for the chemical industryin Malaysia. It is found that larger scales result in highersugarproduction costs when transportation of biomass is considered. Thus, the profitability of the proposed process at lower scales is more robust to changes in fermentable sugar product price and transportation distance. Thus, it is considered that the processat a three-mill scale is a better alternativeSupervisor/mentor: Luuk van der WielenBT/Biotechnology and Societ
Biorefinery Design in Context: Integrating Stakeholder Considerations in the Design of Biorefineries
No full textBiobased production has been presented as a sustainable alternative to the use of fossil resources. However, emerging controversies over the impacts of biofuels (on, e.g., land use, food, and energy security), made it clear that this production approach cannot be assumed to be inherently sustainable or unsustainable. Behind these controversies are unexplored uncertainties and assumptions made during the development of biofuel production, as well as limited considerations of the local context and the values of stakeholders upon its implementation. While these concerns do not necessarily relate to all biobased products, they do indicate that there are many aspects of sustainability besides those driving biobased production (i.e. the use of renewable resources, climate change mitigation), and that the relevance of some of these aspects depends on the local contexts and the values of stakeholders.This thesis presents an approach to the development of a more sustainable biobased production. Particularly, this thesis answers the question: “how can considerations of stakeholders and the local context be investigated and integrated into the early-stage design of biorefineries?” To answer this main question, the research in this thesis is structured around the design process. First, the motivation of this work and a review of the literature on biorefinery design is presented in Chapters 1 and 2. Then, by focusing on specific stages of the design process, the research is structured from the definition of the design space (Chapter 3), to the design decision making (Chapter 4) and the evaluation of design concepts (Chapter 5). In Chapter 6 the overall findings of this work are presented and integrated into a novel design approach for more sustainable biorefinery design. The presented approach not only allows to bring considerations of stakeholders’ values and the project context, it also opens the space to identify tensions between stakeholders’ values and sustainability aspects. By promoting the discussion of these tensions in the context of the project, the presented approach opens opportunities for responding to these tensions in the decision making for the development of biobased production...BT/Biotechnology and Societ
EmoSynth: The Emotional Synthetic Audio Dataset
No full text<p>The ability of sound to enhance human wellbeing has been known since ancient civilisations, and methods can be found today across domains of health and within a variety of cultures. </p>
<p>EmoSynth is a dataset of 144 audio files which have been labelled by 40 listeners for their the perceived emotion, in regards to the dimensions of Valence and Arousal.</p>
<p>Results on the dataset show that Arousal does correlate moderately to fundamental frequency, and that the sine waveform is perceived as significantly different to square and sawtooth waveforms when evaluating perceived Arousal. The general results suggest that isolated synthetic audio can be modelled as a means of evoking affective states of emotion.</p>
<p>When using this version of the data for a publication, please cite the following study: </p>
<pre>@inproceedings{Baird:2018:PEI:3243274.3243277,
author = {Baird, Alice and Parada-Cabaleiro, Emilia and Fraser, Cameron and Hantke, Simone and Schuller, Bj\"{o}rn},
title = {The Perceived Emotion of Isolated Synthetic Audio: The EmoSynth Dataset and Results},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Audio Mostly 2018 on Sound in Immersion and Emotion},
series = {AM'18},
year = {2018},
isbn = {978-1-4503-6609-0},
location = {Wrexham, United Kingdom},
pages = {7:1--7:8},
articleno = {7},
numpages = {8},
url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3243274.3243277},
doi = {10.1145/3243274.3243277},
acmid = {3243277},
publisher = {ACM},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
keywords = {affective computing, perception, sound healing, synthetic audio, wellbeing},
}
</pre>
<p> </p>This work is funded by the Bavarian State Ministry of Education, Science and the Arts in the framework of the Centre Digitisation.Bavaria (ZD.B)
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