38 research outputs found
Hydraulic simulations to evaluate and predict design and operation of the Chashma Right Bank Canal
No full textIrrigation systems / Irrigation canals / Flow control / Velocity / Canal regulation techniques / Hydraulics / Simulation models / Design / Operations / Crop-based irrigation / Distributary canals / Water delivery / Policy / Protective irrigation / Water allocation / Water requirements / Sedimentation / Water distribution / Equity / Water conveyance / Pakistan / Chashma Right Bank Canal
tor_differential_treatment
No full textThis is the data corresponding to the NDSS 2016 paper (*) that identified web IP addresses that treat Tor users differently than normal users.
(*) Sheharbano Khattak, David Fifield, Sadia Afroz,Mobin Javed, Srikanth Sundaresan, Vern Paxson, Steven J. Murdoch, and Damon McCoy. Do You See What I See? Differential Treatment of Anonymous Users. The Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS), 2016.</p
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Detecting Credential Compromise in Enterprise Networks
No full textSecure remote access is integral to the workflow of virtually every enterprise today. It is also an avenue ripe for network infiltration---attackers who can steal network-login credentials can often readily penetrate a site's perimeter security to obtain a persistent foothold within the network. Once inside, they can often further their access by escalating privileges and moving laterally, potentially operating for months, all the while remaining undetected under the guise of a legitimate user. Such threats can prove hugely expensive and damaging to sites, fueling APT campaigns and enormous data breaches. For example, the 2013 theft from Target of 40,000,000 credit card numbers began with attackers compromising remote-access credentials of one of its contractors, and the 2015 breach of SSNs and biometric data of millions of government employees likewise stemmed from a stolen credential.This dissertation aims to advance the state of credential compromise detection for enterprise settings. We leverage several years worth of real-world network logs from the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) in order to develop systems for detecting: (i) stealthy, distributed brute-force attacks that compromise password-based credentials by attempting a number of guesses against the site's servers---these attacks proceed in a stealthy fashion by distributing the brute-force work across an army of machines, such that each individual host only makes a few attempts, and thereby becomes hard to differentiate from failed attempts of legitimate users, and (ii) anomalous logins indicating that a user's login credentials may have been potentially compromised---either through brute-forcing attacks or broadly through other vectors (phishing attacks and credential-stealing malware). For the detection of stealthy brute-force attacks, we first develop a general approach for flagging distributed malicious activity in which individual attack sources each operate in a stealthy, low-profile manner. We base our approach on observing statistically significant changes in a parameter that summarizes aggregate activity, bracketing a distributed attack in time, and then determining which sources present during that interval appear to have coordinated their activity. We then apply this approach to the problem of detecting stealthy distributed SSH brute-forcing activity, showing that we can model the process of legitimate users failing to authenticate using a beta-binomial distribution, which enables us to tune a detector that trades off an expected level of false positives versus time-to-detection. Using the detector we study the prevalence of distributed brute-forcing, finding dozens of instances in an extensive eight-year dataset collected at the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. Many of the attacks---some of which last months---would be quite difficult to detect individually. While a number of the attacks reflect indiscriminant global probing, we also find attacks that targeted only the local site, as well as occasional attacks that succeeded.For the detection of anomalous logins, we first extensively characterize the volumes and diversity of login activity at LBNL's network, with the goal of engineering features that with good confidence can serve as indicators of compromise. We then develop a practical rule-based detector that leverages the global view of the network as well as historical profile of each user to flag potentially compromised credentials. On average, our detector raises 2--3 alarms per week---a reasonable analyst workload for an enterprise with several thousand users. To understand these alarms, we worked with the site operators, who deemed the top ten percent of instances suspicious enough to merit an inquiry to the affected user. Our detector successfully flagged a known compromised account and discovered an instance of a (benign) shared credential in use by a remote collaborator.In summary, this dissertation develops approaches to detect both stealthy brute-force attempts and anomalous successful logins among hundreds of thousands of logins in an enterprise network's activity. Using our detectors, we show that stealthy brute-force attacks that target password-based credentials have been around for years, and that attackers do occasionally succeed in compromising the credentials. Our work makes advances in detecting such stealthy break-ins that, if remain undetected, can prove hugely expensive for sites
Japanese educational assistance to developing countries
No full textToday, Japan is the largest foreign aid donor in the world with an annual government expenditure of over ten billion dollars. In its recent development of foreign aid activities, Japan has expanded its educational assistance to developing countries and has steadily increased the number of training programs and centers for technical assistance to developing nations both in Japan and overseas. In addition, the Japanese government also has begun to support the rapidly increasing number of foreign students at Japanese colleges and universities.Although Japan has indicated its willingness to cooperate with educational development of the Third World, the contents of Japanese educational assistance are still relatively unknown to the rest of the world. The purpose of this research is to investigate the nature of Japanese educational assistance to developing nations. In this research, the questions addressed are: What are the most important features of Japanese foreign assistance that are different from those of other donors? What kinds of educational assistance does Japan provide and why? What are the problems of Japan's educational assistance?In conclusion, the author points out the lack of a mature Japanese aid philosophy due to Japan's lack of experience as a foreign aid donor, and recommends development of a clear policy for future activities of Japanese educational assistance and expansion of Japanese educational assistance.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T12:31:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 1993Item marked as restricted to the 'UIUC Users [automated]' Group (id=2) by Howard Ding ([email protected]) on 2011-05-07T14:42:10Z
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The Role of *Education in Economic Transition and Political Transformation in Post -Communist Countries
No full textThis study analyzes the role of investment in education in the economic transition and political transformation in the 22 post-communist countries of the former Soviet Union and East-Central Europe. In the first section an empirical analysis of the determinant of economic growth and investment in physical capital is performed. This analysis detects positive impact of investment in secondary education on economic growth after applying appropriate lags to the variables and controlling for the initial level of per capita income. Foreign direct investment is also found to be one of the determinants of economic recovery in the post-communist countries. The analysis of determinants of investment in physical capital and foreign direct investment reveals that political stability measured by the Freedom House index for democratization and investment in education positively impact foreign direct investment. In the second section the analysis of the determinants of democratization, human rights and political stability in these countries is conducted. This analysis finds strong direct impact of the level of income and hence economic growth, and indirect impact of investment in education through economic growth on democratization, human rights and political stability. The third section focuses on the relations between education and poverty. It finds that investment in education has also direct and positive effect on poverty reduction. In particular, this study finds that secondary education has a positive impact on poverty reduction. There is also indirect effect of investment in education which stems from its impact on economic growth and economic growth on poverty alleviation. In addition the strong impact of economic growth and democratization on poverty reduction is also detected. Thus the author concludes that despite high rates of investment in education in these countries in the past and its positive effects on recent economic recovery and political liberalization, these countries need to maintain the high rates of this investment, and to upgrade and reform their educational system in order to successfully complete transition to a market economy and to democracy while striving to eliminate poverty.Made available in DSpace on 2015-09-25T19:52:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Previous issue date: 2001Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 80880
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Reason: Restricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETDsU of I Only145 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001
Centralized planning of science, technology, and society in the Soviet Union and its impact on educational policy, 1966-1984
No full textETDs are only available to UIUC Users without author permissionU of I OnlyThis dissertation seeks to explain the following historical problem: In the early fifties, the Harvard Project revealed a positive relationship between education and political socialization: that is, the higher the level of education of Soviet citizens, the more likely they were to support the state. But in the eighties, the Soviet Interview Project found a negative relationship between education and political socialization.In this dissertation, it is argued that the positive relationship between education and political socialization was caused by an expanding industrial economy which provided significant occupational (and social) rewards for each step up the educational ladder. On the other hand, this is contrasted with the situation in the mid- to late-seventies, when education significantly outpaced the government's ability to provide occupational and social rewards for each step up the educational ladder. Whereas the government's attempt to create a technological revolution was to have provided social and occupational rewards for education, this technological revolution failed to materialize, leaving many citizens underemployed."This dissertation also pays attention to the main reasons for the government's failure to create a technological revolution. It is argued that there are profound differences between science and technology, which Soviet planners failed to appreciate--as demonstrated by their faith in the ""linear model"" of technological progress. It is also argued that without spontaneous, self-regulating feedback mechanisms between science, technology and society, Party control of science worked better under Party supervision than when scientists and technologists were left alone to follow their own inspiration. However, it is also argued that the efficiency of Party ""bureaucratic push""--which worked well under Stalin's ""extensive"" economic strategy--dramatically declined as the economy expanded, making it increasingly impossible for the Party to monitor, check or control the simplest innovations."Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:13:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Returns to education: The University of Illinois-People's Republic of China visiting scholars program
No full textThe effects of the visiting scholars program the University of Illinois has had with various institutions in the PRC since 1978 are evaluated. Data were gathered in the PRC during the summer 1988. The sample was composed of 64 scholars who had studied at the University of Illinois for at least one academic year and a comparison group of their peers who had not had a foreign educational experience.Research questions were: (1) What is the social rate of return to the visiting scholar's program?, and (2) What are the differences in academic productivity between the sample and their peers who had no foreign educational experience? Twelve productivity indicators were compared and analyzed using standard statistical methods. Survey research methods and rate-of-return analysis were the research methodologies used.Major research findings included: (1) The social rate of return was a negative 6 percent; (2) in comparing the entire career of the comparison group and the work of the sample group only since their return to the PRC, the sample group was significantly more productive than the comparison group in two areas--number of joint research projects and number of research awards received.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T14:05:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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The Role of *Education in Economic Transition and Political Transformation in Post -Communist Countries
No full text145 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001.This study analyzes the role of investment in education in the economic transition and political transformation in the 22 post-communist countries of the former Soviet Union and East-Central Europe. In the first section an empirical analysis of the determinant of economic growth and investment in physical capital is performed. This analysis detects positive impact of investment in secondary education on economic growth after applying appropriate lags to the variables and controlling for the initial level of per capita income. Foreign direct investment is also found to be one of the determinants of economic recovery in the post-communist countries. The analysis of determinants of investment in physical capital and foreign direct investment reveals that political stability measured by the Freedom House index for democratization and investment in education positively impact foreign direct investment. In the second section the analysis of the determinants of democratization, human rights and political stability in these countries is conducted. This analysis finds strong direct impact of the level of income and hence economic growth, and indirect impact of investment in education through economic growth on democratization, human rights and political stability. The third section focuses on the relations between education and poverty. It finds that investment in education has also direct and positive effect on poverty reduction. In particular, this study finds that secondary education has a positive impact on poverty reduction. There is also indirect effect of investment in education which stems from its impact on economic growth and economic growth on poverty alleviation. In addition the strong impact of economic growth and democratization on poverty reduction is also detected. Thus the author concludes that despite high rates of investment in education in these countries in the past and its positive effects on recent economic recovery and political liberalization, these countries need to maintain the high rates of this investment, and to upgrade and reform their educational system in order to successfully complete transition to a market economy and to democracy while striving to eliminate poverty.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD
