18,657 research outputs found
ADAM SMITH'S OPTIMISTIC TELEOLOGICAL VIEW OF HISTORY
No full textAdam Smith's four-stage theory provides the framework for his writings on history. The fourth stage is the commercial epoch; the culmination of history in this stage is a key component in the conventional interpretation of Adam Smith as a prophet of commercialism. In two historical case studies Smith shows the capacity of commercial society to regenerate itself. This potent capacity suggests that commercial society is inevitable. At a certain point in time it also overcomes the major obstacles to its permanence. Smith's philosophy of history anticipates the end of history views of Kant and Hegel.Political Economy,
Annotated Dataset of History-related Tweets
No full textThis repository contains tweet IDs and their 5 types of contextual information including 1) hashtags, 2) their categories, 3) entities obtained by NERD, 4) time-references normalized by Heideltime, and 5) Web categories for URLs attached with history-related hashtag that are related to history and that were collected for the purpose of analyzing how history-related content is disseminated in online social networks. Our IJDL paper shows the analysis results. The preliminary version of the analysis report is available here.
We used the Twitter official search API provided by Twitter to collect tweets. Note that three kinds of tweets are typically found in Twitter: tweets, retweets and quote tweets. Tweet is an original text issued as a post by a Twitter user. A retweet is a copy of an original tweet for the purpose of propagating the tweet content to more users (i.e., one's followers). Finally, a quote tweet copies the content of another tweet and allows also to add new content. A quote tweet is sometimes called a retweet with a comment. In this work, we simply treat all quote tweets as original tweets since they include additional information/text. There were however only 1,877 (0.2%) tweets recognized as quote tweets in our dataset.
To collect tweets that refer to the past or are related to collective memory of past events/entities, we performed hashtag based crawling together with bootstrapping procedure.
At the beginning, we gathered several historical hashtags selected by experts (e.g. #HistoryTeacher, #history, #WmnHist).
In addition, we prepared several hashtags that are commonly used when referring to the past: #onthisday, #thisdayinhistory, #throwbackthursday, #otd. We then collected tweets that contain these hashtags by using Twitter official search API.
The collected tweets were issued from 8 March 2016 to 2 July 2018.
Bootstrapping allowed us to search for other hashtags frequently used with the seed hashtags. The tweets tagged by such hashtags were then included into the seed set after the manual inspection of all the discovered hashtags as of their relation to the history, and filtering ones that are unrelated.
In total, we gathered 147 history-related hashtags which allowed us to collect 2,370,252 tweet IDs pointing to 882,977 tweets and 1,487,275 re-tweets.
Related papers:
Yasunobu Sumikawa, Adam Jatowt, and Marten During, "Digital History meets Microblogging: Analyzing Collective Memories in Twitter", In Proceedings of the 18th ACM/IEEE-CS Joint Conference on Digital Libraries, JCDL'18, IEEE/ACM, pp. 213 -- 222, 2018. [paper]
Yasunobu Sumikawa and Adam Jatowt, "Analyzing History-related Posts in Twitter", International Journal on Digital Libraries, Springer, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00799-020-00296-2 [paper][dataset]
Yasunobu Sumikawa and Adam Jatowt, "Annotated Dataset of History-related Tweets", Data in Brief, Vol. 38, pp. 107344, Elsevier, 2021. [paper
How Might Adam Smith Pay Professors Today?
No full textAdam Smith’s proposal for paying professors was intended to induce increased faculty knowledge. If students have imperfect information about what they learn, and universities can only imperfectly measure the input of faculty time in student learning, publications may be used to measure faculty knowledge. If professors’ ability to publish is positively related to their ability to produce student learning, which universities can imperfectly measure, publications may be necessary to attract more able professors. Since research signals faculty knowledge, schools that do not value publications per se could require higher publication standards and pay higher wages than schools that value only publications.
テキストコレクションからの歴史関連知識の抽出
No full text京都大学0048新制・課程博士博士(情報学)甲第22574号情博第711号新制||情||122(附属図書館)京都大学大学院情報学研究科社会情報学専攻(主査)教授 吉川 正俊, 教授 鹿島 久嗣, 教授 田島 敬史, 特定准教授 JATOWT Adam Wladyslaw学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of InformaticsKyoto UniversityDGA
ADAM SMITH'S VIEW OF HISTORY: CONSISTENT OR PARADOXICAL?
No full textThe conventional interpretation of Adam Smith is that he is a prophet of commercialism. The liberal capitalist reading of Smith is consistent with the view that history culminates in commercial society. The first part of the article develops this optimistic interpretation of Smith's view of history. Smith implies that commercial society is the end of history because 1) it supplies the ends of nature that he identifies; 2) it is inevitable; and 3) it is permanent. The second part of the article shows that Smith has some dark moments in his writings where he seems to reject completely such teleological notions. In this more civic humanist mood he confesses that commercial society does not supply the ends of nature, nor is it inevitable, nor is it permanent. Both views exist in Smith and the commentator is forced to choose between passages in Smith's work in order to support a particular interpretation of the former's view of history.Political Economy,
All Computer Science Papers @ arXiv.org -- A High-Quality Gold Standard for Citation-based Tasks
No full textWe propose a newly-created gold standard data set for citation-based tasks. This gold standard is based on all computer science papers in arXiv.org.
Abstract. Analyzing and recommending citations with their specific citation contexts have recently received much attention due to the growing number of available publications. Although data sets such as CiteSeerX have been created for evaluating approaches for such tasks, those data sets exhibit striking defects. This is understandable if one considers that both information extraction and entity linking as well as entity resolution need to be performed. In this paper, we propose a new evaluation data set for citation-dependent tasks based on arXiv.org publications. Our data set is characterized by the fact that it exhibits almost zero noise in the extracted content and that all citations are linked to their correct publications. Besides the pure content, available on a sentence-basis, cited publications are annotated directly in the text via global identifiers. As far as possible, referenced publications are further linked to DBLP. Our data set consists of over 15M sentences and is freely available for research purposes. It can be used for training and testing citation-based tasks, such as recommending citations, determining the functions or importance of citations, and summarizing documents based on their citations.
More information can be found in our publication "A High-Quality Gold Standard for Citation-based Tasks" (LREC'18).
You can cite the data set as follows:
@inproceedings{DBLP:conf/lrec/0001TJ18,
author = {Michael F{\"{a}}rber and
Alexander Thiemann and
Adam Jatowt},
title = "{A High-Quality Gold Standard for Citation-based Tasks}",
booktitle = "{Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources
and Evaluation}",
series = "{LREC'18}",
location = "{Miyazaki, Japan}",
year = {2018},
url = {http://www.lrec-conf.org/proceedings/lrec2018/summaries/283.html}
}
</p
Adam Smith and Roman Servitudes
No full textThis essay is a preprint of an article that appeared at: Tijdschrift voor Rechstsgeschiedenis, 72 (2004), 327–57.This essay discusses Adam Smith historical jurisprudence and his use of Roman law materials in his Lectures on Jurisprudence. It argues that Smith found it difficult to maintain his theory of legal development in the face of a highly developed body of Roman law literature
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
No full textThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
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