1,550 research outputs found
Stellar streams from black hole-rich star clusters
No full textNearly a hundred progenitor-less, thin stellar streams have been discovered in the Milky Way, thanks to Gaia and related surveys. Most streams are believed to have formed from star clusters and it was recently proposed that extended star clusters - rich in stellar-mass black holes (BHs) - are efficient in creating streams. To understand the nature of stream progenitors better, we quantify the differences between streams originating from star clusters with and without BHs using direct -body models and a new model for the density profiles of streams based on time-dependent escape rates from clusters. The QSG (Quantifying Stream Growth) model facilitates the rapid exploration of parameter space and provides an analytic framework to understand the impact of different star cluster properties and escape conditions on the structure of streams. Using these models it is found that, compared to streams from BH-free clusters on the same orbit, streams of BH-rich clusters: (1) are approximately five times more massive; (2) have a peak density three times closer to the cluster 1 Gyr post-dissolution (for orbits of Galactocentric radius > 10 kpc), and (3) have narrower peaks and more extended wings in their density profile. We discuss other observable stream properties that are affected by the presence of BHs in their progenitor cluster, namely the width of the stream, its radial offset from the orbit, and the properties of the gap at the progenitor's location. Our results provide a step towards using stellar streams to constrain the BH content of dissolved (globular) star clusters
PUL882623 Supplemetal Material - Supplemental material for Metabolomics of exercise pulmonary hypertension are intermediate between controls and patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension
No full textSupplemental material, PUL882623 Supplemetal Material for Metabolomics of exercise pulmonary hypertension are intermediate between controls and patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension by Jason L. Sanders, Yuchi Han, Mariana F. Urbina, David M. Systrom and Aaron B. Waxman in Pulmonary Circulation</p
Gentrification and the Criminalization of Sex Work : Exploring the Sanitization of Sex Work in Kings Cross with the use of ASBOs and CBOs
No full textThe Cambridge Introduction to Early Modern Drama, 1576–1642
No full textThis review considers The Cambridge Introduction to Early Modern Drama, 1576-1642 by Julie Sanders
Knowledge of machines: review and forward look
No full textThis paper looks at the possibility of knowledge development of machines from anengineer’s point of view. First, the increasing need for autonomous operations of vehicles,manufacturing facilities, utility networks, and robots is reviewed. From the point of view ofoperational design, five desirable ingredients are identified that can facilitate control autonomy.Most of these facilitators can be enabled by using the methodology of natural languageprogramming and writing of documents that machines can read and utilize to improve theirfeedback control skills, their knowledge of the environment, and also their decision-makingskills. A forward look outlines the benefits of ‘publishing for machines’, to manufacturing,vehicle operations, utility networks, and robots.Keywords: control engineerin
An Exploratory Examination of Age, Attitudes Toward Death, Experience with Death, and the Christian Religion
No full textThis exploratory study by Barbara L. Sanders investigates the complex relationships between age, personal experiences with death, attitudes toward mortality, and Christian religious beliefs. Motivated by personal and professional encounters with individuals across the lifespan, the author seeks to understand how these variables interrelate and challenge commonly held assumptions—such as the belief that Christians are more accepting of death or that children fear death more due to inexperience.
The research was conducted through a questionnaire distributed among 60 participants across three distinct age groups: adolescents (10–15), adults in their early middle years (36–49), and older adults (65+). The questionnaire assessed participants\u27 religious self-identification, their direct experiences with death, and their attitudes toward it. Statistical analyses, including chi-square correlations, were employed to examine potential relationships between these factors.
Findings indicate that while age significantly influences attitudes toward death—with older adults displaying more positive attitudes—neither religious self-description nor prior death experience showed a statistically significant correlation with attitudes toward mortality. Notably, younger participants expressed more fear of death despite higher religious identification. Conversely, older adults, though slightly less fervent in religious self-description, tended to view death with greater acceptance.
The study also reviews relevant literature on death and dying, including psychological, cultural, and theological dimensions. It draws heavily on works by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross, Phillippe Ariès, and Charles Doss to contextualize historical and contemporary attitudes toward death within Western Christian thought.
Ultimately, Sanders’ research contributes to the broader discourse on death education and the role of religion in shaping human responses to mortality. It suggests that age-related development may play a more decisive role than personal religious commitment or death experience in forming death attitudes
Small words, big effects? Subjective versus objective causal connectives in discourse processing
No full textCoherence relations and their linguistic markers play a significant role in the study of discourse processing and comprehension. A number of studies have shown that the presence of coherence markers, such as connectives, in a text facilitates the processing and representation of discourse. Therefore, connectives are assumed to function as processing instructions (e.g. Britton, 1994; Gernsbacher, 1997; Murray, 1995; Sanders & Spooren, 2007); they help the readers to arrive at the intended interpretation of the text. The main purpose of the current study was to get a better understanding of how the information encoded in connectives affects online discourse processing. More specifically, we focused on causal connectives, which in Dutch provide cues about the fine-grained distinction between subjective and objective causal relations. Objective causal relations express causality between events in the real world. In subjective causal relations, however, the causal relations does not exists in the real world but in the mind of the speaker who is drawing conclusions on the basis of events in the world. There are two reasons why it is relevant to study the notion of subjectivity in relation to causal connectives. First, in many languages of the world causal connectives seem to specialize in either subjective or objective causal relations (Stukker & Sanders, 2012). And second, subjective causal relations are assumed to be more complex than objective causal relations (Sanders, Spooren, & Noordman, 1992). This complexity is associated with longer processing times in reading experiments (Noordman & De Blijzer, 2000; Traxler, Bybee, & Pickering, 1997; Traxler, Sanford, Aked, & Moxey, 1997). In the current dissertation we present a series of eye-tracking experiments that were designed to investigate the influence of Dutch causal connectives on discourse processing. With respect to Dutch backward causal relations, the connective want is a prototypical marker of subjective causal relations, whereas omdat is a prototypical marker of objective causal relations (Degand & Pander Maat, 2003; Pit, 2003; Sanders & Spooren, 2009, 2012; Verhagen, 2005). In forward causal relations dus typically expresses subjective relations, whereas daarom is typically used in objective relations (Pander Maat & Degand, 2001; Pander Maat & Sanders, 2000, 2001; Stukker, 2005; Verhagen, 2005). Our results show that both backward and forward subjective causal connectives induce an immediate delay in processing times compared to their objective counterparts. These results reveal that causal connectives do more than just inform the reader that a causal coherence relation needs to be constructed between two pieces of text. They also provide information about the relative degree of subjectivity of that causal relation. On the basis of additional experiments we conclude that the processing complexity of subjective causal connectives and relations can be explained by the notion of speaker involvement (Pander Maat & Degand, 2001; Pander Maat & Sanders, 2000, 2001; Pit, 2003). Subjective causality requires the representation of the Mental Space of the thinking subject -be it the speaker, author, or a third person character in the discourse- who is responsible for the presented information. This representation comes at a processing cost
The sexual excitation/sexual inhibition inventory for women: psychometric properties
No full textThis is a post-print version of the article. The official published version can be found at the link below.This article reports on the development of a new questionnaire designed to assess the propensity for sexual excitation and sexual inhibition in women: The Sexual Excitation/Sexual Inhibition Inventory for Women (SESII-W). The theoretical model underlying this research, the Dual Control Model, postulates that sexual response depends on a balance between excitatory and inhibitory mechanisms and that individuals vary in their propensity for excitation and inhibition. This study describes the development and initial validation of the SESII-W in a sample of 655 women (M age, 33.9 years). Factor analysis identified eight factors and two higher-order factors: one related to sexual excitation and one to sexual inhibition. The measure demonstrated good test-retest reliability and discriminant and convergent validity. Our data underscore that a number of factors affect women's sexual arousal and these appear to be related to opposing processes of sexual excitation and sexual inhibition. Theoretical issues, possible gender differences, and the value of using qualitative data to inform questionnaire development are discussed.This study was funded, in part, by a grant from the Lilly Centre for Women‟s Health
Shifting priorities in multimorbidity: a longitudinal qualitative study of patient's prioritization of multiple conditions
No full textObjective: To examine what influences self-management priorities for individuals with multiple long-term conditions and how this changes over time. Methods: A longitudinal qualitative study using semi-structured interviews completed with 21 participants with more than one chronic condition. Results: The study demonstrates the impact of multiple conditions on many aspects of people's illness management. Narratives illuminated how individual's condition priorities changed at pivotal points and altered their engagement with self-management practices. This is influenced by contact with health professionals and how people framed illness and lifestyle changes. Medication management was a central point where individuals took control of their conditions. Additional conditions were more readily accommodated if people established a cognitive link between existing management practices. Thus, multiple conditions were not inevitably experienced as an increasing burden but subject to considerable flux and change. Discussion: Prioritizing one condition over another at a particular time together with a transfer and amalgamation of practices appears to facilitate accommodation of multiple conditions and ease the burden of everyday management. These findings have implications for how we understand the variable nature of multimorbidity experience and management for patients. Clinicians might usefully engage with patients' understanding to reduce complexity, and enhance engagement of condition management. © The Author(s) 2011
Badges of trade: the protection of trade marks and related intangibles in unfair competition law
No full textPhDThe increasing efforts within the European Union to harmonise
intellectual property law also lead to the approximation of
some aspects of unfair competition law. Despite these
efforts, common standards for unfair competition law are
still not present.
To find a common legal norm defining the scope of
protection of trade marks and related intangibles in unfair
competition law, similarities and differences between various
national unfair competition provisions are explored in the
light of the Paris Convention.
Setting aside the clear examples of tortious behaviour
in competition, the difficulty surrounding the definition of
clear norms in other unfair competition cases is recognised.
Protection of intangible subject matter on an other basis
than tort can lead to idiosyncratic and circular reasoning.
It is shown that property theories and policy decisions have
to be dismissed as the sole basis in the determination
whether protection is due.
The author describes how a legal concept bearing close
resemblance to tort can overcome these problems. He describes
and argues for an action for 'malign competition', based on
the concept of unjust enrichment.
In examining selected legal systems in more detail,
several key aspects of the proposed action appear to be in
operation already, albeit not recognised.
Selected cases from several jurisdictions are
subsequently tested according to the model of the proposed
action for malign competition. It is demonstrated that the
legal reasoning is more satisfactory, offering a clear norm
and takingway the old idiosyncrasies. Where the outcome on
the basis of the same facts is different, it is shown that
this is the result of a more satisfactory implementation of
the notions of preemption and equitable remuneration than is
currently employed.
The fact that the principle of unjust enrichment is
universally recognised will in the opinion of the author
advance the prospects for future harmonisat
- …
