722 research outputs found
Dr. Monti Datta – Faculty Author Interview
No full textDr. Monti Datta, Assistant Professor of Political Science, discusses his forthcoming new book, Anti-Americanism and the Rise of World Opinion. Drawing from a wealth of research data, interviews and surveys of social media, this book directly examines pro- and anti-American views and asks what we can learn about the nature and impact of world opinion. By treating anti-Americanism as a case study of public opinion at work, Professor Datta reveals how we can better understand the relationship between global citizens and their political leaders, and concludes that anti-Americanism does in fact substantially impact US security, as well as its economic and political interests
Tapping Economies of Scale and Scope in Consumer Cooperation - A Case Analysis of Possible Cooperation among selected Cooperatives
No full textBecause of its narrow and negative perspective of safeguarding the interests of only poor consumers against unethical practices of the private traders, consumer cooperation in India seems to have failed, except probably in some isolated pockets. A number of social welfare functions like poverty alleviation and public distribution of essential items of consumption have been imposed on them at the cost of their basic economics. With the basic micro and macro-economic rationale for consumer cooperatives as a positive form of economic organization being lost sight of, they seem to be facing enormous problems both historically as well as currently in a era of economic liberalization. Their worries seem to have been compounded with the threat of impending competition from large private enterpriss - both domestic and foreign, which highlights the need for evolving strategies to rectivy their systemic weaknesses and tackling the competition head on. This case has attempted to document just such an initiative through a round table conference with several doyens of the consumer cooperative movement in India such as Warana Bazar and Amalsad Mandali as well as some fledging consumer cooperatives from West Bengal which are already in existence for some time or contemplating entry into this field. The roundtable conference organized in the spirit of Cooperation among Cooperatives attempted to evolve strategies to capture economies of scale and scope in order to take on the competition, as well as to facilitate dissemination of ideas and information across the country.
Aspek Sosiologi Pengarang Pada Struktur Batin Puisi Watashi Ga Ichiban Kirei Datta Toki
No full textAbstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan aspek sosiologi pengarang dengan struktur batin puisi Watashi ga Ichiban Kirei Datta Toki Karya Ibaragi Noriko. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analisis, dengan pendekatan sosiologi pengarang oleh Wellek dan Warren (1994). Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan mendeskripsikan objek penelitian kemudian menganalisis hubungan aspek sosiologi pengarang dengan struktur batin puisi. Hasil penelitian ini adalah terdapat hubungan aspek sosiologi pengarang dengan struktur batin puisi, yaitu pada aspek status sosial pengarang dengan tema dan aspek latar belakang sosial budaya pengarang dengan amanat. Dari hasil penelitian tersebut, dapat diketahui bahwa puisi Watashi ga Ichiban Kirei Datta Toki ditulis oleh Ibaragi Noriko berdasarkan peristiwa yang terjadi dalam hidupnya.
Kata Kunci : puisi, struktur batin, sosiologi pengarang
Abstract
This research aims to determine the relationship of the sociological aspects of the author with the inner structure of the poetry Watashi ga Ichiban Kirei Datta Toki by Ibaragi Noriko. This research uses descriptive analysis method, with the author\u27s sociology approach by Wellek and Warren (1994). This research was conducted by describing the object of research then analyzing the relationship of the sociological aspects of the author with the inner structure of the poetry. The result of this research is that there is a relationship between the sociological aspects of the author with the inner structure of poetry, namely on the aspect of the author\u27s social status with the theme and aspect of the author\u27s socio-cultural background with the mandate. From the results of this research, it can be seen that the poetry Watashi ga Ichiban Kirei Datta Toki was written by Ibaragi Noriko based on events that occurred in his life.
Keywords : poetry, inner structure, author\u27s sociolog
Abstract 1333: CD4 Th1 cytokines and HER-2/HER-3 blockade induces tumor apoptosis in breast cancer
No full textAbstract
Background: The therapeutic benefit of blocking HER2/HER3 signaling in breast cancer (BC) has been demonstrated by several studies. We have previously shown that the pleiotropic T-helper type 1 (Th1) cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α induce senescence in BC cells and that all BC cell lines tested express IFN-γ and TNF-α receptors by western blot analysis. We have also demonstrated an inverse correlation between the HER2 expression level and the senescence induced by the treatment with both cytokines. Moreover, simultaneous HER-2/HER-3 blockade significantly enhanced cytokine-induced senescence. Here, we studied whether these Th1 cytokines induce apoptosis of HER-2 expressing BC cells and assessed the impact of IFN-γ and TNF-α with simultaneous HER-2 and HER-3 blockade on permanent tumor abrogation.
Results: To determine the Th1-mediated effects on HER2high (SK-BR-3, BT-474), HER2intermediate (MCF-7, T-47D), and HER2low (MDA-MB-231) human BC cell lines in vitro, we performed co-culture of increasing number of HER2 Class II peptide-specific CD4+ T-cells (generated by priming CD4+ T cells with HER2 peptide loaded type-1 polarized DCs) with BC cells using a transwell culture system. This resulted in a cell number-dependent apoptosis of SK-BR-3 and MCF-7, but not MDA-MB-231 cells compared with CD4+ T cells primed either with immature dendritic cells (DC) or mature DC plus irrelevant (Class II BRAF) peptide. In addition, SK-BR-3 cells incubated with supernatants from the CD4+ T cells-immature DC or mature DC co-culture demonstrated similar results. Compared with controls, HER2-specific Th1 cells generated a 25-fold increase in SK-BR-3 apoptosis by DAPI staining. Neutralizing antibodies against IFN-γ and TNF-α significantly reduced apoptosis induction. Also, IFN-γ and TNF-α treatment resulted in significant apoptosis of SK-BR-3 and MCF-7, but not MDA-MB-231 cells. However, MDA-MB-231 cells transfected with a wild type HER2 plasmid, were highly susceptible to cytokine-induced apoptosis. Treatment of HER-2-depleted cells (by RNAi) with IFN-γ and TNF-α resulted in an increased apoptotic phenotype. Although the combined treatment of IFN-γ and TNF-α in HER3-depleted cells did not enhanced the apoptosis, the double knock down with HER2 and HER3 RNAi strongly increased apoptosis induction as observed by western blot analysis of active caspase-3 and flow cytometric analysis of Anexin V-PI staining. Interestingly, the double depleted cells treated with IFN-γ alone evidenced slightly higher cleaved caspase-3 levels than TNF-α alone but the combined treatment with both cytokines had a strong synergistic effect.
Conclusions: Our results establish a role for IFN-γ and TNF-α in inducing tumor apoptosis in BC. An effective CD4 Th1 response, combined with HER-2 and HER-3 blockade can significantly drive tumor apoptosis that can be explored as treatment to effectively eliminate residual BC cells and prevent recurrence.
Citation Format: Cinthia Rosemblit, Jashodeep Datta, Erik Berk, Brian J. Czerniecki. CD4 Th1 cytokines and HER-2/HER-3 blockade induces tumor apoptosis in breast cancer. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 1333. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-133
Cyana arorai Volynkin, N. Singh, Kirti & Datta 2020, nom. nov.
No full textCyana arorai Volynkin, N. Singh, Kirti & Datta, nom. nov. (Figs 15–19, 168, 169, 241, 242) = Chionaema tripunctata Rothschild, 1936, The Annals and magazine of natural history (10) 17: 487 (Type locality: “ Aberdeen, Andaman Islands”), nec. Reich, 1935. Type material examined. Holotype (by monotypy) (Fig. 17): ♀, handwritten label “ Aberdeen, Andamans” / hand- written label “ Chionaema tripunctata Type Rothsch.” / handwritten label “Nr. bianca, but has 3 spots” / printed label “Rothschild Bequest B.M. 1939–1” / printed round label with a red circle “Type” / printed label with a unique identifier “NHMUK010402088” (Coll. NHMUK). Other material examined. THE ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS: 1 ♀, Andaman Isles ♀ / Moore Coll. 94–106, slide NHMUK010314603 Volynkin (Coll. NHMUK); 2 ♂, 3 ♀, India, M. Andaman, Karmatang, 1.5 km E, 12,5072°N, 92,5610°E, 17–22.VIII.2001, leg. Jan-Peter Rudloff, coll. Dr. R. Brechlin, slides MWM 33907 (♂), MWM 33908 (♀), MWM 35680 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 2 ♂, 4 ♀, India, S. Andaman, Port Blair—Mt. Harriet, 11,4321°N, 92,4403°E, 23–24.VIII.2001, leg. Jan-Peter Rudloff, coll. Dr. R. Brechlin, slides MWM 34601 (♂), MWM 34602 (♀) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, 2 ♀, India, Andaman Islands, South Anda- man—Bambooflat (Rainfor.), 11°42’82”N, 092°42’02”E, 27–28.XI.2000, leg. J.P. Rudloff, slide MWM 35681 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, India, Andaman Isl., South Andaman, Wandoor, Port Blair, 1–2.III.1998, leg. A. Kamenev & V. Siniaev, ex coll. Dr. A. Schintlmeister, slide MWM 34564 (♂) Volynkin (Coll. MWM / ZSM); 1 ♂, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, South Andaman, Chidiyatapu, 29.XII.17, leg. H.S. Datta (Coll. NZCZSI). Etymology. The replacement name is dedicated to G.S. Arora, author of the basic publication on the fauna of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Remark. The taxon tripunctata Reich, 1935 was described under the genus Lyclene. Here we transfer it to the genus Cyana and synonymize with C. detrita (see above). Thus, at present there are two Cyana taxa with the name tripunctata, so tripunctata Rothschild, 1936 becomes a junior secondary homonym of tripunctata Reich, 1935. Hence, we introduce the replacement name arorai nom. nov. for tripunctata Rothschild, 1936. Diagnosis. Forewing length is 12.5–15 mm in males and 17–18 mm in females. Cyana arorai is a polymorphic species, significantly variable in size. Cyana arorai is similar externally to C. carmina (Figs 13, 14), but differs by its arcuate antemedial line (that is oblique in C. carmina) and larger black discal spots. In females of C. arorai a third, posterior black spot may be developed (Figs 16, 17), what is unusual for the C. insularis group. The female genitalia of C. arorai are very similar to those of C. carmina (Figs 239, 240), but differ by the more heavily sclerotized cervix bursae having narrower longitudinal folds, and the lateral band-like signum being more weakly sclerotized subanteriorly with its anterior end strongly broadened. Distribution. Endemic of the Andaman Islands. The records of C. bianca (male) and C. coccinea (female) for the Andaman Islands (Hampson 1900; Draudt 1914; Arora 1983) belong to C. arorai.Published as part of Singh, Navneet, Volynkin, Anton V., Kirti, Jagbir Singh, Datta, Harvinder Singh & Ivanova, Maria S., 2020, A review of the genus Cyana Walker, 1854 from India, with descriptions of five new species and three new subspecies (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Lithosiini), pp. 1-93 in Zootaxa 4738 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4738.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/367243
Oncodriver inhibition and CD4+ Th1 cytokines cooperate through Stat1 activation to induce tumor senescence and apoptosis in HER2+ and triple negative breast cancer: implications for combining immune and targeted therapies
No full textIn patients with HER2-expressing breast cancer many develop resistance to HER2 targeted therapies. We show that high and intermediate HER2-expressing cancer cell lines are driven toward apoptosis and tumor senescence when treated with either CD4+ Th1 cells, or Th1 cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ, in a dose dependent manner. Depletion of HER2 activity by either siRNA or trastuzumab and pertuzumab, and subsequent treatment with either anti-HER2 Th1 cells or TNF-α and IFN-γ resulted in synergistic increased tumor senescence and apoptosis in cells both sensitive and cells resistant to trastuzumab which was inhibited by neutralizing anti-TNF-α and IFN-γ. Th1 cytokines induced minimal senescence or apoptosis in triple negative breast cancer cells (TNBC); however, inhibition of EGFR in combination with Th1 cytokines sensitized those cells causing both senescence and apoptosis. TNF-α and IFN-γ led to increased Stat1 phosphorylation through serine and tyrosine sites and a compensatory reduction in Stat3 activation. Single agent IFN-γ enhanced Stat1 phosphorylation on tyrosine 701 and similar effects were observed in combination with TNF-α and EGFR inhibition. These results demonstrate Th1 cytokines and antioncodriver blockade cooperate in causing tumor senescence and apoptosis in TNBC and HER2-expressing breast cancer, suggesting these combinations could be explored as non-cross-reactive therapy preventing recurrence in breast cancer.Fil: Rosemblit, Cinthia. H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Estados Unidos. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Datta, Jashodeep. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Lowenfeld, Lea. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Xu, Shuwen. University of Pennsylvania; Estados UnidosFil: Basu, Amrita. H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Estados UnidosFil: Kodumudi, Krithika. H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Estados UnidosFil: Wiener, Doris. H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Estados UnidosFil: Czerniecki, Brian J.. H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Estados Unidos. University of Pennsylvania; Estados Unido
Identification of Patients for Adjuvant Therapy After Resection of Carcinoma of the Extrahepatic Bile Ducts: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
No full textBACKGROUND: Resectability rates for extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma have increased over time, but long-term survival after resection alone with curative intent remains poor. Recent series suggest improved survival with adjuvant therapy. Patient subsets benefiting most from adjuvant therapy have not been clearly defined. METHODS: Patients with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma who underwent resection with curative intent and received adjuvant therapy (chemotherapy ± radiotherapy) or surgery alone (SA) were identified in the U.S. National Cancer Data Base (2004-2014). Cox regression identified covariates associated with overall survival (OS). Adjuvant therapy and SA cohorts were matched (1:1) by propensity scores based on the survival hazard in Cox modeling. Overall survival was compared by Kaplan-Meier estimates. RESULTS: Of 4872 patients, adjuvant chemotherapy was used frequently for 2416 (49.6%), often in conjunction with radiotherapy (RT) (n = 1555, 64.4%). Adjuvant chemotherapy with or without RT was used increasingly for cases with higher T classification [reference: T1-2; T3: 1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.19-1.55; T4: 1.77; 95% CI 1.38-2.26], nodal positivity [odds ratio (OR), 1.26; 95% CI 1.01-1.56], lymphovascular invasion (OR 1.21; 95% CI 1.01-1.46), or margin-positive resection (OR 1.85; 95% CI 1.61-2.12), and was associated with significant improvements in OS for each high-risk subset in the propensity score-matched cohort. Adjuvant therapy was associated with improved median OS for hilar tumors (40.0 vs 30.6 months; p = 0.025) but not distal tumors (33.0 vs 30.3 months; p = 0.123). Chemoradiotherapy was associated with superior outcomes compared with chemotherapy alone in the subset of margin-positive resection [hazard ratio (HR), 0.63; 95% CI 0.42-0.94]. CONCLUSIONS: Adjuvant multimodality therapy is associated with improved survival for patients with resected extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and high-risk features
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Immunotherapy for Solid Tumors: A Comprehensive Roadmap for the Surgical Oncologist
No full textWeb demo suite for classical ciphers
No full textThis project aims to implement a web-based application that includes well-known classical
ciphers as an accompany learning material for students studying cryptography. This project is
developed using frameworks such as HTML5 and Bootstrap. This report includes further
details of the methodology adopted by the author while developing the web-based
application. The author took note of other technical considerations and software design
models while creating the web-based application. The web application is developed solely by
the author. Suggestions given by Assoc Prof Anwitaman Datta are implemented in best effort
during the course of this project. The web-based application described in this report can be
found at the following website:
http://ryan2706.github.io/SCE15-0041/index.htmlBachelor of Engineering (Computer Science
International students in United States’ medical schools: does the medical community know they exist?
No full textBackground: Matriculation of international students to United States’ (US) medical schools has not mirrored the remarkable influx of these students to other US institutions of higher education. Methods: While these students’ numbers are on the rise, the visibility for their unique issues remains largely ignored in the medical literature. Results: These students are disadvantaged in the medical school admissions process due to financial and immigration-related concerns, and academic standards for admittance also continue to be significantly higher compared with their US-citizen peers. Furthermore, it is simply beyond the mission of many medical schools – both public and private – to support international students’ education, especially since federal, state-allocated or institutional funds are limited and these institutions have a commitment to fulfill the healthcare education needs of qualified domestic candidates. In spite of these obstacles, a select group of international students do gain admission to US medical schools and, upon graduation, are credentialed equally as their US-citizen counterparts by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME). However, owing to their foreign citizenship, these students have visa requirements for post-graduate training that may adversely impact their candidacy for residency placement. Conclusion: By raising such issues, this article aims to increase the awareness of considerations pertinent to this unique population of medical students. The argument is also made to support continued recruitment of international students to US medical schools in spite of these impediments. In our experience, these students are not only qualified to tackle the rigors of a US medical education, but also enrich the cultural diversity of the medical student body. Moreover, these graduates could effectively complement the efforts to augment US physician workforce diversity while contributing to healthcare disparity eradication, minority health issues, and service in medically underserved areas
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