23,048 research outputs found
Gender, definiteness and word order in Ulağaç Cappadocian
No full textOf all the Cappadocian dialects, Ulağaç Cappadocian is considered the most ‘corrupt’ by Dawkins: “Nowhere is the vocabulary so filled with Turkish words or the syntax so Turkish” (1916: 18). Kesisoglou singles out the following as being characteristic: the loss of grammatical gender distinctions and the resulting neuterisation of nouns, including the the generalized use of the neuter article do, pl. da (1951: 4). In the case of transitive clauses this results in potential ambiguity, as nominative and accusative NPs are not distinguished morphologically. Kesisoglou quotes the following example: itó do néka do ándra-t páasen do do xorjó, which could either mean ‘that woman led her husband to the village’ or ‘that woman, her husband led her to the village’ (1951: 49). To disambiguate such cases, the article is often omitted under the second interpretation according to Kesisoglou (ibid.): itó do néka ándra-t páasen do do xorjó. Likewise, itó do peí vavá-t çórsen do ‘that child, its father saw it’ vs. itó do peí do vavá-t çórsen do ‘that child saw its father’ (ibid.). This suggests that the article is omitted in the case of subject NPs, but not in the case of object NPs (Janse 2019: 100). Upon closer scrutiny, however, it turns out that the article can only be omitted if the noun is historically masculine or feminine, but not neuter. In this paper, I investigate the use of the article in transitive clauses containing two overt NPs in connection with the word order and information structure of these clauses as means of distinguishing subject from object NP
Back to the future : akritic light on diachronic variation in Cappadocian (East Asia Minor Greek)
No full textCappadocian is an East Asia Minor Greek variety most closely related to Pharasiot and Pontic. Having been cut off from the rest of the Greek-speaking world after the defeat of the Byzantine army by the Seljuk Turks in the battle at Manzikert (1071), Cappadocian was increasingly Turkicized, but the Greek component preserved its essentially Late Medieval
reek character. Unfortunately, our evidence for the historical development of Cappadocian is very scanty, consisting as it does of a few dozen inscriptions from the famous “rock-cut” churches of Cappadocia and the Greek poems written in Arabic script by the thirteenth-century Persian poet-scholar Rūmī and his son Sultan Walad. In this chapter I analyze new and hitherto unexplored evidence for diachronic variation in Cappadocian: Medieval Akritic songs orally transmitted
hrough the ages in Cappadocia. The language of these songs, composed in the traditional Byzantine decapentasyllable or political verse, is a mixture of Late Medieval / Early Modern Greek and nineteenth-century Cappadocian, linguistically reminiscent of the AncGr epic, which also combined archaic and innovative features in a set metrical framework. Apart from loanwords and grammatical patterns borrowed from Turkish, the so-called ‘Byzantine residue’ of Cappadocian offers a unique glimpse of language variation and change in Late Medieval / Early Modern Greek
The sense of a beginning : Bakhtinian dialogic criticism on 'the gospel' in Mark.
No full textContemporary literary approaches have caused paradigm shifts in Biblical Studies in the last two decades as it appears in a great deal of Markan studies using narrative, reader-response, deconstructive, feminist, and new historicist approaches. However, literary studies on the Gospel of Mark have not taken into account theoretical questions underlying those approaches. As a result biblical critics are driven by new trends without ever having a chance to examine the critical baggage of the approaches. Consequently, there is a gap of communication between the old and the new one. Therefore this thesis is an attempt to meet the need of enhancing the quality of critical endeavour in biblical studies. In the light of most recent competing critical theories of literature, the first contribution of this thesis is the methodological finding that Bakhtinian dialogic criticism contains the most profound philosophical and practical foundations for solving some crucial theoretical problems in contemporary literary theories. It is a critique to a Saussurian linguistic system of language which becomes the very foundation of modern and postmodern literary criticism. Bakhtinian literary theory shifts the foundation of literary criticism on linguistic signs into the creative activity of the socio-cultural production of human communication. The shift into socio-cultural reality of language communication makes the notion of 'genre' very important to unlock the problem of text and context in literary studies. Since the Gospel of Mark has fascinated most literary critics in Biblical Studies, the problem of 'genre' of this gospel is chosen as the focus of this study. Secondly, as no agreement is reached as to what 'genre' the Gospel of Mark belongs, this thesis makes its contribution to the discussion by locating the problem of 'genre' of Mark in the context of genre theories and argues that the Bakhtinian suggestion to find genre in the socio-cultural sphere by analysing artistic intercourse between narrative agents in Mark has freed the competing analysis from the unresolved problem between the kerygmatic (content oriented) approach and the analogical (form oriented) approach. To achieve finding 'genre' in the socio-cultural sphere, this thesis focuses on Bakhtinian analysis of the process of artistic intercourse between narrative agents. The narrative communicative interrelationships between narrative agents is constructed in this thesis as a 'stereophonic' Bakhtinian model of dialogic communication. This model is an original contribution of this thesis for revising the traditional two dimensional model of narrative communication. Based on this dialogical model of communication, a special role is given to the Bakhtinian 'author-creator' in the realization process of genre through the interaction of polyphonic voices. Through the interaction of voices of the author-artist and the hero we are led to discover a relatively stable type of portraying and controlling reality in Mark, known as the genre of Roman 'satire'. The closest literary affinity is Satyrica by Petronius. This narrative strategy of 'satire' in Mark has its root in the prophetic discourse of the Old Testament which is saturating the speech of the narrator, John the Immerser, the centurion, the people, and even Jesus. Finally, the whole search for Markan 'genre' culminates in the analysis of the realization of genre through the analysis of Bakhtinian chronotope. The reality of the genre of Mark is its social reality that is in its role as dpxrj/ 'beginning'. As the Gospel of Mark proclaims itself as 'a beginning', it defines its claim of socio-cultural 'authority' in early Christianity. It is this 'sense of beginning' which enables the narrating and the narrated world of Mark to interact dialogically
Varieties of Post-classical and Byzantine Greek : novel questions and approaches
No full textThis chapter draws attention to the importance of studying not only linguistic variation in language, but also the patterned heterogeneity that can be related to it – in other words, linguistic varieties. Whereas the presence of varieties such as foreigner talk, female speech, colloquial language, etc. in the Classical period has received considerable attention, much less work has been done on the Post-classical and Byzantine periods, a situation which this edited volume hopes to remedy. Before outlining the contributions to the volume, we address a couple of central theoretical questions to research on linguistic varieties, such as the relationship between concepts like ‘variant’, ‘variety’ and ‘variation’, the modeling of varieties in terms of a ‘variational space’, the relationship between varieties, and the different methodologies that can be adopted to study linguistic varieties
6. Bilingualism in Ancient Society. Language Contact and the Written Text, James Ν. Adams, Mark Janse and Simon Swain éd
No full textSamama Evelyne. 6. Bilingualism in Ancient Society. Language Contact and the Written Text, James Ν. Adams, Mark Janse and Simon Swain éd. In: Revue des Études Grecques, tome 118, Juillet-décembre 2005. pp. 622-623
Adams (J.N.), Janse (Mark), Swain (Simon), edd. Bilingualism in Ancient Society. Language Contact and the Written Text.
No full textRochette Bruno. Adams (J.N.), Janse (Mark), Swain (Simon), edd. Bilingualism in Ancient Society. Language Contact and the Written Text. . In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 83, fasc. 1, 2005. Antiquité - Oudheid. pp. 184-186
6. Bilingualism in Ancient Society. Language Contact and the Written Text, James Ν. Adams, Mark Janse and Simon Swain éd
No full textSamama Evelyne. 6. Bilingualism in Ancient Society. Language Contact and the Written Text, James Ν. Adams, Mark Janse and Simon Swain éd. In: Revue des Études Grecques, tome 118, Juillet-décembre 2005. pp. 622-623
Democracy Sausage with Mark Kenny: How to be a liberal with Ian Dunt
No full textOn this Democracy Sausage Extra, Ian Dunt - host of the Oh God, What Now? podcast and author of How to be a liberal - joins Mark Kenny to discuss the history of liberal thought, how it has shaped present day politics, and the origins of the ‘culture wars’. Have the culture wars emerged out of the failures of liberalism? Why haven’t contemporary political actors done more to protect people from prejudice and the tyranny of the majority? And is liberalism a natural corollary to democracy? On this Democracy Sausage Extra, author, political journalist and broadcaster Ian Dunt joins Professor Mark Kenny to discuss the history of political thought, present day politics, and liberalism’s trajectory
- …
