532 research outputs found
Role of vasodilation in cognitive impairment
No full textSkye N. McLennan, Ada K. Lam, Jane L. Mathias, Simon A. Koblar, Monica A. Hamilton-Bruce and Jim Janne
ClinRehab_final_supplemental_material – Supplemental material for Motivational interviewing to promote health outcomes and behaviour change in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review
No full textSupplemental material, ClinRehab_final_supplemental_material for Motivational interviewing to promote health outcomes and behaviour change in multiple sclerosis: a systematic review by Diana S. Dorstyn, Jane L. Mathias, Charles H. Bombardier and Amanda J. Osborn in Clinical Rehabilitation</p
The impact of pharmacological treatments on outcome following traumatic brain injury in adults: A meta-analysis
No full textAbstract. Poster presentationPatricia Wheaton, Jane L. Mathias, & Robert Vinkhttp://www.dx.doi.org/10.1080/0269905080198433
Social intelligence and personal competence in mentally retarded adolescents / Jane L. Mathias
No full textBibliography : leaves 321-350xxi, 350 leaves ; 30 cm.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Psychology, 199
Statistical machine learning to identify traumatic brain injury (TBI) from structural disconnections of white matter networks
No full textAvailable online 28 January 2016Abstract not availableJhimli Mitra, Kai-kai Shena, Soumya Ghose, Pierrick Bourgeat, Jurgen Fripp, Olivier Salvado, Kerstin Pannek, D. Jamie Taylor, Jane L. Mathias, Stephen Ros
Efficacy of cognitive behavior therapy for the management of psychological outcomes following spinal cord injury : A meta analysis
No full textThis meta-analysis evaluated the impact of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) on the psychological adjustment of adults with spinal cord injury (SCI). A comprehensive search of six electronic databases identified 10 studies (424 participants) that met the inclusion criteria. Pre- and post-data for participants who received CBT were pooled and analyzed. Large and significant group differences were noted for measures of assertiveness, coping, self-efficacy, depression and quality of life. These data suggest that CBT has a significant positive impact on short-term psychological outcomes following SCI. However, further research is needed to establish the long-term benefitsDiana Dorstyn, Jane Mathias and Linley Denso
Diffusion tensor imaging changes following mild, moderate and severe adult traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis
No full textDiffusion tensor imaging quantifies the asymmetry (fractional anisotropy; FA) and amount of water diffusion (mean diffusivity/apparent diffusion coefficient; MD/ADC) and has been used to assess white matter damage following traumatic brain injury (TBI). In healthy brains, diffusion is constrained by the organization of axons, resulting in high FA and low MD/ADC. Following a TBI, diffusion may be altered; however the exact nature of these changes has yet to be determined. A meta-analysis was therefore conducted to determine the location and extent of changes in DTI following adult TBI. The data from 44 studies that compared the FA and/or MD/ADC data from TBI and Control participants in different regions of interest (ROIs) were analyzed. The impact of injury severity, post-injury interval (acute: ≤ 1 week, subacute: 1 week-3 months, chronic: > 3 months), scanner details and acquisition parameters were investigated in subgroup analyses, with the findings indicating that mild TBI should be examined separately to that of moderate to severe injuries. Lower FA values were found in 88% of brain regions following mild TBI and 92% following moderate-severe TBI, compared to Controls. MD/ADC was higher in 95% and 100% of brain regions following mild and moderate-severe TBI, respectively. Moderate to severe TBI resulted in larger changes in FA and MD/ADC than mild TBI. Overall, changes to FA and MD/ADC were widespread, reflecting more symmetric and a higher amount of diffusion, indicative of white matter damage.Erica J. Wallace, Jane L. Mathias, Lynn War
Neurobehavioral differences between Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia: A meta-analysis
No full textThe differential diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) remains a difficult clinical issue. A recent meta-analysis by Hutchinson and Mathias (2007) found that many cognitive tests do not adequately differentiate between these types of dementia. However, their study did not examine the ability of neurobehavioral scales to distinguish between AD and FTD. The data from 33 studies, published between January 1994 and December 2008, examining the neurobehavioral symptoms of persons with AD (N = 2,305) and FTD (N = 971) were therefore analyzed. Weighted Cohen's d effect sizes, percentage overlap statistics, confidence intervals, and fail-safe Ns were calculated for each scale. The most discriminating measures were the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry and the Scale for Emotional Blunting. The Middelheim Frontality Score and the Frontal Behavior Inventory also had excellent discriminative ability, surpassing the cognitive tests examined previously. Numerous other scales additionally showed large and significant differences between the AD and FTD groups, highlighting the importance of assessing neurobehavioral symptoms in this context. While these latter measures may be useful in providing a clinical profile of patients with dementia, greater overlap in the scores of patients with AD and FTD limits their usefulness in the context of differential diagnosis.Jane L. Mathias and Kylie Morphet
Living with a craniofacial condition
No full textRachel M. Roberts and Jane L. Mathiashttp://au.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-EHEP002781.htm
The QuickSort: A brief cognitive screen to detect cognitive impairment in older adults
No full textPoster presentationBackground Sorting tests are amongst the most sensitive cognitive tests for detecting brain injury, but are rarely used to screen older adults for cognitive impairment. A recent meta-analysis (Foran, Mathias & Bowden) found that sorting ability deteriorates in older adults who have been diagnosed with one of a number of common neurodegenerative disorders, suggesting that sorting tests may provide an alternative to cognitive screens. The QuickSort is a new test that improves on existing sorting tasks, with the manual and test stimuli freely accessible to users (Foran, Mathias & Bowden, 2020). It is quicker to administer and score, and better suited for use with older adults whose cognitive ability may be compromised. Method A consecutive cohort of older (≥60 years) community-dwelling adults (n=187) and hospital inpatients who were referred for a neuropsychological assessment (n=73) were administered the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) and QuickSort (9-stimuli, which must be sorted by color, shape & number; Total score range = 0-18; higher scores indicate better cognition). A Cognitively-Healthy normative subsample (n=115), screened for cognitive and psychological disorders, was formed from the community sample. Results The Cognitively-Healthy subsample completed the QuickSort within 2-minutes, 50% had errorless performance, and 95% scored 10 or more. The likelihood of community-dwelling older adults and inpatients (n=260) being impaired on either the MMSE or FAB, or both, increased by a factor of 3.52 for QuickSort Total scores <10 and reduced by a factor of 0.23 for scores ≥10. Conclusion Most healthy older adults complete the QuickSort quickly and easily. The QuickSort performance of a patient can be compared to their cognitively-healthy peers in order to estimate the likelihood that they will be impaired on either the MMSE or FAB, or both. The QuickSort can also be customized for use in specific settings. The QuickSort may provide an alternative to lengthier cognitive screens (MMSE and FAB) in settings that have very limited clinical resources.Amie M Foran, Jane L Mathias, Stephen C Bowde
- …
