20 research outputs found
Synthesis of Ring Size seco‐Analogues of the Antitumor Antibiotic CC‐1065 by Two Consecutive Transition Metal‐Initiated Transformations.
No full text‐Analogs of the Antitumor Antibiotic CC‐1065 by Two Consecutive Transition Metal‐Initiated Transformations
No full textNovel seco-analogs of CC-1065 1 were synthesized from comercially available nitroaniline by reduction, bromination, bisulfonation and bisallylation followed by reaction with tert-butyllithium, zirconocene and iodine. The obtained quinoline 6 was then transformed into 17 and 18, which, upon treatment with Pd-0, led to 21 and 22, respectively. (C) Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2003
Interaction of Skatole and Androstenone in the Olfactory Perception of Boar Taint
No full textThis study analyzed odor odor interactions of two malodorous volatile substances, androstenone and skatole, that may accumulate in fat and meat of uncastrated male (boar) pigs. Therefore, fat samples were collected from 1000+ entire male pig carcasses for sensory evaluation and quantification of boar taint compounds using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Each sample was sniffed by 10 trained assessors, resulting in 11 000+ individual ratings, which were subjected to statistical analysis. Pearson correlations of chemical traits and sensory traits (panel average) were higher for skatole [r(1029) = 0.59; p < 0:001] than for androstenone [r(1029) = 0.44; p < 0.001]. Linear terms of androstenone and skatole as well as their interaction significantly (p < 0.05) contributed to perception of deviant smell (R-2 = 0.43). Standardized regression coefficients illustrate the higher importance of skatole = 0.68) than androstenone (beta = 0.39). Interindividual differences in the responses of assessors to androstenone and skatole are confirmed. A new curved approach is suggested because it better accounts for the interaction of androstenone and skatole than the "safe box" approach. On the basis of these data, sorting strategies using instrumental measurements are discussed. An automated detection based on only skatole measurements is recommended because its performance is only slightly inferior to a sorting based on both androstenone and skatole. Sorting thresholds need to be calibrated against consumer acceptance though.Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL
Androstenone, skatole and the olfactory perception of boar taint
No full textFat samples from roughly a thousand pig carcasses were collected and subjected to a thorough sensory evaluation and quantification using a panel of 10 trained assessors on a sensory score scale ranging from 0 = ‘untainted’ to 5 = ‘strongly tainted’.
The following variables are available in the dtR.csv data set:
rater: the ID of the panelist/assessor
product: the product ID
dev: deviation from normal smell according to the respective rater, ordinal score between 0 = ‘untainted’ and 5 = ‘strongly tainted’ (see above)
andro: the product’s androstenone content (in ppm)
skatol: the product’s skatole content (in ppm)
The following variables are available in the (aggregated) dtM.csv data set:
product: the product id
mdev: mean deviation from normal smell (across panelists) of the respective product
andro: the product’s androstenone content (in ppm)
skatol: the product’s skatole content (in ppm)
If using the data, please cite:
Daniel Mörlein, Johanna Trautmann, Jan Gertheiss, Lisa Meier-Dinkel, Jochen Fischer, Hans-Jörg Eynck, Lourens Heres, Christian Looft, and Ernst Tholen (2016). Interaction of skatole and androstenone in the olfactory perception of boar taint. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 64, 4556-4565
Available at: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00355The data were collected as part of STRAT-E-GER project supported by funds of the Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL) based on a decision of the Parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany via the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food (BLE) under the innovation support program
"We are magicians" : artistic struggle in Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot
No full textWhen the Irish writer Samuel Beckett (1906-1989) wrote Waiting for Godot in 1948-1949 he was in a state of artistic depression and confusion. He had already turned to French instead of English and with a manuscript for the stage he made an effort to get away from what he called ”the awful prose” he was working on at that time. Waiting for Godot had its first opening night in Paris in 1953, and during the years since then many different interpretations have been made of this challenging work of art. In this essay, with the meta textual elements in Waiting for Godot as a foundation, I’m reading the drama as a writer’s struggle with his material – not strictly biographical, but with Beckett as an artistic example. Vladimir and Estragon, as well as Pozzo and Lucky, then become personalizations of the voices in the mind of the author, where intellect/reason/analysis on one hand and intuition/feeling/fantasy on the other are working side by side, or as a pair of opposites, to try to get along through conflict and cooperation; conferring, clashing, and complementing one another. Godot will then function as the mystical and driving force, the necessary lack of purpose or fundamental meaning that keeps the artist in touch with art. In this aspect Godot has not to come; his absence is an absolute condition to get the play going, to keep the writer writing, to make all artists continue their lonely, tiresome, difficult work. Waiting for Godot tells us something about the struggle every writer has to face when writing a play, or a novel, or a poem, where he, or she, has to speak with and listen to the inner voices of intuition and intellect and try to get by in spite of the overall sense of hopelessness of it all. Art is at the same time without meaning and of infinite value and I believe that this paradox is alive and working in Waiting for Godot
Groundwater quality regulation in Colorado: miscellaneous report
No full textDecember 1982.Prepared as a Masters thesis
The efficiency of mapping of quantitative trait loci using cofactor analysis in half-sib design
No full textAbstract This simulation study was designed to study the power and type I error rate in QTL mapping using cofactor analysis in half-sib designs. A number of scenarios were simulated with different power to identify QTL by varying family size, heritability, QTL effect and map density, and three threshold levels for cofactor were considered. Generally cofactor analysis did not increase the power of QTL mapping in a half-sib design, but increased the type I error rate. The exception was with small family size where the number of correctly identified QTL increased by 13% when heritability was high and 21% when heritability was low. However, in the same scenarios the number of false positives increased by 49% and 45% respectively. With a liberal threshold level of 10% for cofactor combined with a low heritability, the number of correctly identified QTL increased by 14% but there was a 41% increase in the number of false positives. Also, the power of QTL mapping did not increase with cofactor analysis in scenarios with unequal QTL effect, sparse marker density and large QTL effect (25% of the genetic variance), but the type I error rate tended to increase. A priori, cofactor analysis was expected to have higher power than individual chromosome analysis especially in experiments with lower power to detect QTL. Our study shows that cofactor analysis increased the number of false positives in all scenarios with low heritability and the increase was up to 50% in low power experiments and with lower thresholds for cofactors.</p
Inhibition of peroxynitrite-mediated cellular toxicity, tyrosine nitration, and α1-antiproteinase inactivation by 3-mercapto-2-methylpentan-1-ol, a novel compound isolated from Allium cepa
No full textPeroxynitrite formation in vivo is implicated in numerous human diseases and there is considerable interest in the use of antioxidants and natural products such as thiols as "peroxynitrite scavengers". We therefore investigated the effects of a recently identified constituent of onions, 3-mercapto-2-methylpentan-1-ol (3-MP), for its ability to inhibit peroxynitrite-mediated processes in vitro and using cultured human cells and compared its effectiveness against glutathione. 3-MP significantly inhibited peroxynitrite-mediated tyrosine nitration and inactivation of α1-antiproteinase to a greater extent than glutathione at each concentration tested (15-500μM). 3-MP also inhibited peroxynitrite-induced cytotoxicity, intracellular tyrosine nitration, and intracellular reactive oxygen species generation in human HepG2 cells in culture to a greater extent than glutathione. These data suggest that 3-MP has the potential to act as an inhibitor of ONOO--mediated processes in vivo and that the antioxidant action of 3-MP deserves further study
Structure-activity relationships of trigeminal effects for artificial and naturally occurring alkamides related to spilanthol
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