8 research outputs found
Mode of inheritance and combining abilities for kernel row number, kernel number per row and grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.)
No full textBocanski J., Z. Sreckov, A. Nastasic, M. Ivanovic, I.Djalovic and M. Vukosavljev (2010): Mode of inheritance and combining abilities for kernel row number, kernel number per row and grain yield in maize (Zea mays L.) - Genetika, Vol 42, No. 1, 169- 176. Utilization of heterosis requires the study of combining abilities of potential parents. In view of this, the objective of this paper was to study combining abilities and determine the mode of inheritance and gene effects for the main agronomic character, grain yield, and its components, kernel row number and kernel number per row. Six inbred lines Were used in the study, three of which originated in the U.S., while the other three were developed at the Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops in Novi Sad. Kernel row number was inherited by superdominance, partial dominance, complete dominance and intermediacy. The mode of inheritance of kernel number per row and grain yield was superdominance. Additive gene action had the greatest influence on the expression of kernel row number, while the other two traits were influenced the most by nonalditive gene
Genetic and phenotypic correlations between oil content and morphological traits in high oil maize population NSU1
No full textBiplot analysis of diallel crosses of NS maize inbred lines
No full textBocanski J., A. Nastasic, D. Stanisavljevic, Z. Sreckov, B. Mitrovic, S. Treskic and M. Vukosavljev (2011): Biplot analysis of diallel crosses of NS maize inbred lines- Genetika, Vol 43, No. 2, 277 - 284. Genetic markers, from morphological to molecular, in function with early Heterosis is a prerequisite for the successful commercial maize production. It does not appear in any cross of two inbred lines, and therefore, the determination of combining abilities of parental lines is essential. The most commonly used method for determining combining abilities is diallel analysis. Besides conventional methods for diallel analysis, a new biplot approach has been sugested. In this paper, we studied the combining ability for grain yield in a set of genotypes obtained by diallel crossing system of six inbred lines. Both, the Griffing's conventional method and the biplot approach have been used for diallel analysis. Comparing the GCA values from biplot analysis and Griffing's method, similar results can be observed, with the exception of NS L 1051 and NS L 1000 whose ranks are interchanged. Biplot analysis enables the SCA estimation of parent inbred, and the highest SCA has inbred B73D. Biplot analysis also allows the estimation of the best crosses. Inbred B73D shows the best results when crossed with testers Mo17Ht, NS L 1051 and N152, inbred N152 combines best with testers NS L 1001 and NS L 1000, whereas the cross of inbred NS L 1051 with tester B73D results with the highest grain yield per plant in comparison with other testers
Genetic and phenotypic relationship between grain yield and components of grain yield of maize (Zea mays L.)
No full textFor efficient selection of grain yield, like the most importance economic trait, in regard to its on the great influence the environmental factors, has complex mode of inheritance and low heritability, is necessary to know genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of correlations between grain yield and morphological traits of the plant and ear which are influencing on the grain yield. The objective of this paper was to determine relationship between grain yield and morphological traits, in 8 inbred lines and their hybrids. Strong genetic and phenotypic correlations were found between grain yield and other studied traits, except between grain yield, on one side, and kernel row number where we found medium correlations. Between other studied traits, the highest values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of correlations were found between ear length and cob weight.Za efikasnu selekciju prinosa zrna, kao najvažnije ekonomske osobine, s obzirom na to da je pod jakim uticajem faktora spoljašnje sredine, ima veoma kompleksno nasleđivanje i uglavnom nisku heritabilnost, neophodno je poznavati genotipske i fenotipske korelacije prinosa i ostalih osobina biljke koje utiču na formiranje prinosa. Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se utvrde korelativni odnosi koji vladaju između prinosa zrna i morfoloških osobina biljke i klipa, kod 8 inbred linija i 15 hibrida, dobijenih njihovim međusobnim ukrštanjem. Jaki genetički i fenotipski korelacioni koeficijenti ustanovljeni su između prinosa zrna i svih ostalih proučavanih osobina, izuzev između prinosa i broja redova zrna na klipu, gde je ustanovljena srednje jaka korelacija. Između ostalih proučavanih osobina, najveća vrednost, i genotipskog, i fenotiopskog korelacionog koeficijenta, ustanovljena je između dužine klipa i mase oklaska
Genetic relationship between yield and yield components of maize
No full textOne of the objectives of this paper was to determine relationship between
grain yield and yield components, in S1 and HS progenies of one early
synthetic maize population. Grain yield was in high significant, medium
strong and strong association with all studied yield components, in both
populations. The strongest correlation was recorded between grain yield and
1000-kernel weight (S1 progenies rg = 0.684; HS progenies rg = 0.633).
Between other studied traits, the highest values of genotypic coefficient of
correlations were found between 1000-kernel weight and kernel depth in S1
population, and 1000-kernel weight and ear length in HS population. Also,
objective of this research was founding the direct and indirect effects of
yield components on grain yield. Desirable, high significant influence on
grain yield, in path coefficient analysis, was found for 1000-kernel weight
and kernel row number, and in S1 and HS progenies, and for ear length in
population of S1 progenies. Kernel depth has undesirable direct effect on
grain yield, in both populations.</jats:p
Importance of progeny testing in alfalfa breeding (Medicago sativa L.)
No full textThe objective of this paper was to assess the importance and effectiveness of
progeny tests that can be used in alfalfa breeding for increased green forage
yields and shoot number per plant. A total of 35 alfalfa genotypes of
different geographic and genetic origins were analyzed. The results of the
study have shown that crossing full-sib or half-sib parents leads to a
significant increase in yield and shoot number per plant. Significant
inbreeding depression was observed in the S1 progenies of all the genotypes
involved. The choice of alfalfa parents must be based on progeny analysis.
Which particular method will be used will depend on the objective of the
breeding program.</jats:p
Correlation and path analysis of grain yield and morphological traits in test–cross populations of maize
No full textOne of the goals of this paper was to determine correlation between grain yield, like the most important agronomic trait, and traits of the plant and ear that are influencing on the grain yield, in two test-cross populations, which are formed by crossing progenies of NSU(1) population after 17 cycles of phenotypic recurrent selection and two testers, 568/II NS and B73. At 568/II NS testcrosses, grain yield had the highest value of genotypic coefficient of correlations with kernel row number. In second studied population the highest value of coefficient of correlations also was found between grain yield and kernel row number, but that relation was negative. Path coefficient analysis provides more information among variables than do correlation coefficients. Because of that goal of this study also was founding the direct and indirect effects of morphological traits on grain yield. Desirable, high significant influence on grain yield, in path coefficient analysis, was found for ear height, in both studied populations. Plant height, in both testcross populations, kernel row number and oil content, at B73 testcrosses, has high significant undesirable effect on grain yield
Relationships of stay green trait in maize
No full textGenetic variation for stay green character has been exploited in maize improvement mainly in the light of selecting high yielding rather then typical stay green genotypes. Stay green is an indicator of good plant health later in the season, reduced progressive senescence, tolerance to post-flowering drought and stalk lodging, what ensure superiority of stay green genotypes in comparison to non-stay green ones, especially in drought conditions. The objective of the study was to examine relationship of stay green trait with some vegetative characters in two genetically broad based maize populations. The most consistent correlations with stay green were established for leaf and stalk water content, which has been confirmed by path-coefficient analysis.Genetička varijabilnost populacija kukuruza za stay green svojstvo je u praktičnom oplemenjivanju korišćena više u svetlu selekcionisanja prinosnijih nego tipičnih stay green genotipova. Stay green je indikator dobrog zdravstvenog stanja biljaka u kasnijim fazama vegetacije, redukovanog progresivnog starenja, tolerantnosti na sušu i tolerantnosti prema poleganju, što obezbeđuje superiornost stay green genotipova u poređenju sa genotipovima koji ne poseduju ovo svojstvo (non-stay green). Ova superiornost posebno dolazi do izražaja u sušnim uslovima. Cilj rada bio je da se ispitaju međusobni odnosi stay green-a i nekoliko vegetativnih svojstava u dve sintetičke populacije kukuruza. Korelacionom i path koeficijent analizom ustanovljeno je da se stay green nalazi u najkonzistenetnijim međusobnim odnosima sa sadržajem vode u listu i sadržajem vode u stablu
